系统分析与设计：SDLC开发流程详解

需积分: 10 68 浏览量更新于2024-07-23 收藏 56.35MB PDF 举报

"System Analysis and Design.pdf 是一本电子版的教科书，专注于系统分析与设计，遵循软件开发生命周期（SDLC）的顺序，详细阐述了系统设计流程的各个阶段，以及在开发过程中可能遇到的挑战和使用的工具。由于电子版权限制，部分内容可能被省略，但这些省略的内容被认为不会对整体学习体验产生实质性影响。出版商保留根据后续权利限制随时调整或移除内容的权利。欲获取定价、旧版信息、当前版本变更以及替代格式等有价值的信息，读者可以访问Cengage Learning的官方网站进行搜索。" 该书由Gary B. Shelly和Harry J. Rosenblatt撰写，是ShellyCashman Series系列的一部分，由Course Technology, Cengage Learning出版。"System Analysis and Design" 已更新至第九版，强调了在系统分析与设计领域的实践性和理论性知识。系统分析与设计是软件工程的重要组成部分，它包括需求收集、业务流程建模、数据流图的创建、系统架构设计、数据库设计、用户界面设计、风险评估和项目管理等多个环节。在SDLC中，这些步骤通常按顺序进行，但也可能迭代和适应敏捷开发方法。通过系统分析，开发者理解现有的业务流程，并确定改进或替换现有系统的需求。设计阶段则涉及到将这些需求转化为具体的解决方案，包括硬件、软件和网络组件的选择。本书可能会讨论以下主题： 1. **需求工程**：如何与利益相关者交流，识别和记录需求，编写需求规格说明书。 2. **系统建模**：使用UML（统一建模语言）来绘制用例图、类图、序列图等，帮助可视化系统行为。 3. **数据建模**：ER图（实体关系图）用于数据库设计，确保数据的一致性和完整性。 4. **系统架构设计**：选择合适的架构模式（如客户端-服务器、三层架构、微服务架构等），考虑系统的可扩展性、可用性和安全性。 5. **风险管理和质量保证**：识别潜在问题，制定风险管理策略，执行质量保证计划。 6. **项目管理**：使用WBS（工作分解结构）、甘特图等工具进行项目规划和进度控制。 7. **软件开发工具**：介绍常用的开发工具，如版本控制系统、IDE（集成开发环境）、建模工具等。此外，书中还可能涵盖系统实施、测试、维护和系统升级的策略，以确保系统在整个生命周期中的稳定运行和适应变化。对于IT专业人员来说，理解和掌握系统分析与设计的知识是至关重要的，它能帮助他们有效地构建和优化信息系统，满足业务需求并提高效率。

xiv Preface

• Expanded coverage of IT trends, including cloud computing, Web 2.0, social net-

working, RFID, wireless networks, mobile computing, offshore outsourcing,

e-business, ERP, Web hosting, client/server architecture, network concepts,

Webinars, podcasts, RSS feeds, Web-based applications, and others.

• Updated Systems Analyst’s Toolkit teaches students IT support skills in four cross-

functional areas, including Communication Tools, CASE Tools, Financial Analysis

Tools, and Internet Resource Tools.

• New Management Information Systems CourseMate Web site for Systems

Analysis and Design, Ninth Edition available for a fully digital course solution.

CourseMate provides one location for all interactive activities, Video Learning

Sessions, and an interactive e-book. EngagementTracker provides the ability to

assess student understanding of concepts through the interactive activities.

Organization of This Textbook

Systems Analysis and Design, Ninth Edition, contains 16 learning units in twelve chap-

ters and a four-part Systems Analyst’s Toolkit that teaches valuable cross-functional skills.

Chapter 1 – Introduction to Systems Analysis and Design Chapter 1 provides an up-

to-date overview of IT issues, major trends, and various systems development approaches,

including structured, object-oriented, and agile methods. The chapter emphasizes the

important role of systems analysis and design in supporting business objectives.

Chapter 2 – Analyzing the Business Case Chapter 2 offers a business-related starting

point for successful systems analysis. Topics include strategic planning, review of

systems requests, how to conduct a feasibility study, and the steps in a preliminary

investigation.

Chapter 3 – Managing Systems Projects Chapter 3 explains project management,

cost estimating, and change control for information systems. This chapter includes

hands-on skills that systems analysts can use to create Gantt charts and PERT charts.

Chapter 4 – Requirements Modeling Chapter 4 describes fact-finding techniques and

team-based modeling methods, including JAD and RAD, that systems analysts use to

model and document a new system.

Chapter 5 – Data and Process Modeling Chapter 5 explains how systems analysts

create a logical model for the new system by using data flow diagrams and process

description tools, including structured English, decision tables, and decision trees.

Chapter 6 – Object Modeling Chapter 6 explains object-oriented tools and techniques,

including use case diagrams, class diagrams, sequence diagrams, state-transition diagrams,

activity diagrams, and the Unified Modeling Language.

Chapter 7 – Development Strategies Chapter 7 focuses on software acquisition

options, including outsourcing and offshore outsourcing options, application service

providers, and other trends that view software as a service rather than a product.

Chapter 8 – User Interface Design Chapter 8 highlights output and report design, the

interaction between humans and computers, including usability issues, graphical screen

design, input issues, and data entry guidelines.

Chapter 9 – Data Design Chapter 9 describes data design terms, concepts, and skills

including entity-relationship diagrams, cardinality, data normalization rules, data warehous-

ing, data mining, a comparison of logical and physical records, and data control measures.

Chapter 10 – System Architecture Chapter 10 explains the elements of system architec-

ture, with emphasis on RFID, ERP, supply chain management, client/server architecture,

and network topology, including wireless networking standards and trends.

Chapter 11 – Managing Systems Implementation Chapter 11 includes coverage of

application development and implementation topics, including structure charts,

documentation techniques, system testing, user training, data conversion, changeover

methods, and post-implementation evaluation.

Preface

Chapter 12 – Managing Systems Support and Security Chapter 12 describes user sup-

port, maintenance techniques, and factors that indicate the end of a system’s useful life. This

chapter explains IT security concepts, techniques, and tools, and specifically addresses six

security levels: physical, network, application, file, user, and procedural security. Chapter 12

also describes risk management, data backup and disaster recovery, and explains future chal-

lenges and opportunities that IT professionals will face in a dynamic workplace.

Toolkit Part A – Communication Tools Part A of the Toolkit describes oral and writ-

ten communication tools that can make a systems analyst more effective. Topics include

guidelines for successful communications, tips for better readability, how to organize and

plan a presentation, effective speaking techniques, and managing communication skills.

Toolkit Part B – CASE Tools Part B of the Toolkit focuses on computer-aided soft-

ware engineering (CASE) tools that systems analysts use to document, model, and

develop information systems. Examples of several popular CASE tools are provided,

along with sample screens that show CASE tool features.

Toolkit Part C – Financial Analysis Tools Part C of the Toolkit explains various tools

that systems analysts use to determine feasibility and evaluate the costs and benefits of

an information system. Specific tools include payback analysis, return on investment

(ROI), and net present value (NPV).

Toolkit Part D – Internet Resource Tools Part D of the Toolkit explains Internet-

based information gathering strategies. Topics include search engines, subject directories,

the invisible Web, advanced search techniques, Boolean logic and Venn diagrams. This

Toolkit Part also discusses social networking, newsgroups, newsletters, blogs, podcasts,

RSS feeds, Webinars, mailing lists, Web-based discussion groups, chat rooms, instant

messaging, and online learning opportunities.

FOR THE STUDENT

The Shelly Cashman Series wants you to have a

valuable learning experience that will provide the

knowledge and skills you need to be successful.

With that goal in mind, we have included many

activities, games, and learning tools, that we hope

you will find interesting, challenging, and enjoyable. For exam-

ple, because a picture is worth a thousand words, each systems

development phase begins with an eye-catching Dilbert© car-

toon and a multi-color Gantt chart that provides a “You are

Here” roadmap.

Chapter Opening Features

Each chapter contains the following features to help you get

started:

• Chapter Introduction Read the Chapter Introduction for a brief overview of the

chapter.

• Chapter Objectives The Chapter Objectives lists the main skills and knowledge

you will have when you finish the chapter.

• Chapter Introduction Case: Mountain View College Bookstore The Mountain

View College Bookstore case is a continuing case study that provides a real-world

overview of the topics that will be covered in each chapter. As you work through

the textbook, you will see how the Mountain View IT team discusses the issues,

identifies the key points, and creates specific task lists.

Preface

Learning Tools within the Chapter

As you work through each chapter, you will find these helpful tools and features:

• Video Learning Sessions An online library of 18 self-paced multimedia sessions is

available to you and the text includes reminders about them. Depending on your

personal learning style, you might use the videos in various ways. For example,

one approach might be to review the chapter, watch the VLS, try the Your Turn

tasks, and then check your answers.

• A Question of Ethics A mini-case in each chapter will chal-

lenge you with real-life ethical issues in an IT environment.

• Case in Point This exciting feature provides four embedded

mini-case opportunities for you to analyze and apply the skills

and concepts you are learning in the chapter.

• Toolkit Time The Systems Analyst’s Toolkit explains skills that

you can apply at any point in the textbook. Toolkit Time mar-

ginal notes remind you about the Toolkit, where to find it, and

how it might help you address the issues or material in the chapter.

• On the Web Learn more about a topic by visiting the sug-

gested Web sites and exploring the links we have provided.

End-of-Chapter Exercises

The following exercises are in every text chapter:

• Learn It Online Each chapter features a Learn It Online page that includes six

exercises. These exercises utilize the Web to offer chapter-related reinforcement

activities that will help you gain confidence in systems analysis and design. These

exercises include True/False, Multiple Choice, Short Answer, Flash Cards, Practice

Test, and several learning games.

• CASE SIM: SCR Associates This is an interactive Web-based case study, with a

work session at the end of each chapter. Visit SCR’s Web site and log on to the

company’s intranet to read e-mail messages addressed to you, listen to voice mail

messages, and perform assigned tasks in a realistic corporate setting. In this simu-

lation you report to Jesse Baker, but you e-mail your completed assignments to

your instructor. Detailed instructions on how to use this case are available in the

Management Information Systems CourseMate Web site for Systems Analysis and

Design, Ninth Edition at www.cengagebrain.com. To log on to the SCR intranet,

you must use the password sad9. When you log on to the SCR intranet, you also

will be asked to enter your first and last name so your e-mail can be addressed

to you correctly.

• Chapter Exercises In this section, you will find 10 Review Questions, four Discussion

Topics, and four Projects. These exercises allow you to apply your understanding of

the material and will help to prepare you for tests and assessments.

• Apply Your Knowledge This section includes four mini-cases per chapter. Each

mini-case requires you to use the knowledge and skills you learned in the chapter.

• Case Studies Case studies provide practical experience and allow you to practice

specific skills learned in the chapter. Each chapter contains several case studies,

two of which (New Century Health Clinic and Personal Trainer, Inc.) continue

throughout the textbook. You can complete your assignments using Microsoft

Word and Excel forms, available in the Management Information Systems

CourseMate Web site for Systems Analysis and Design, Ninth Edition at

www.cengagebrain.com.

TOOLKIT TIME

xvi

• Chapter Capstone Case: SoftWear, Limited SoftWear, Limited (SWL) is a continuing

case study where students act as members of the SWL systems development team

and perform various assignments in each chapter, including a set of project man-

agement tasks and a sample Gantt chart.

• Ready for a Challenge This new end-of-chapter assignment stresses critical

thinking skills, which many educators and employers believe are very important

in the workplace. Perform the Practice Tasks first, view the sample answers, and

apply your knowledge and skill to the Challenge Tasks. Ready for a Challenge

can help you develop perception, organization, analysis, problem-solving, and

decision-making skills that you can take to the workplace.

Additional Support Tools

These additional tools can enhance your learning experience:

GLOSSARY/INDEX This edition of the textbook includes a glossary/index feature to

assist your understanding of key terms and phrases, or to use as a quick reference tool.

STUDENT STUDY TOOL This interactive study tool, accessible via the Management

Information Systems CourseMate Web site for Systems Analysis and Design, Ninth

Edition provides:

• Detailed outlines of every chapter that highlight key topics covered and can be used

as a guide when reviewing for an exam

• Chapter glossaries that allow you to look up all key terms in one place, and provide

page references where key terms can be found if you need more information

• Figures and Test Yourself questions that provide additional reinforcement of

chapter concepts

• User guide for Open Workbench (a free, open-source project management pro-

gram), and links to download and install a trial version of Microsoft Project and

a full version of Open Workbench

MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS COURSEMATE Broaden your learning

experience and enhance your understanding of the material in each chapter with the

Management Information Systems CourseMate Web site. Visit www.cengagebrain.com

for access to:

• Full, interactive digital e-book

• Video Learning Sessions and Your Turn exercises

• Ready for a Challenge Practice Tasks and Challenge Tasks

• On the Web links

• Learn It Online exercises, including True/False, Multiple Choice, Short Answer,

Flash Cards, Practice Test, and several learning games

• SCR Associates Internet and intranet sites

• Forms Library

• Project Management Resources

FOR THE INSTRUCTOR

The Shelly Cashman Series is dedicated to providing you all of the tools you need to

make your class a success. Information on all supplementary materials is available

through your Course Technology representative or by calling one of the following

xvii

Preface

telephone numbers: Colleges, Universities, Continuing Education Departments, Post-

Secondary Vocational Schools, Career Colleges, Business, Industry, Government, Trade,

Retailer, Wholesaler, Library, and Resellers, call Cengage Learning at 800-354-9706;

K-12 Schools, Secondary and Vocational Schools, Adult Education, and School Districts,

call Cengage Learning at 800-354-9706. In Canada, call Nelson Cengage Learning at

800-268-2222.

Instructor Resources Disc

The Instructor Resources disc (0-538-48163-3) for this textbook includes both teaching

and testing aids. The contents of the disc are listed below:

• Instructor’s Manual Includes lecture notes summarizing the chapter sections, fig-

ures and boxed elements found in every chapter, teacher tips, classroom activities,

lab activities, and quick quizzes in Microsoft Word files.

• Syllabus Easily customizable sample syllabus that covers policies, assignments,

exams, and other course information. Also included is a Microsoft Project file used

to create the five Phase Opener Gantt charts. An instructor can use this project file

to create a visual syllabus that could include additional tasks, quizzes, and projects.

The project file also can be used to track class progress through the course.

Instructors are welcome to distribute this file to students, and show them how to

manage tasks, resources, and deadlines for team projects that might be assigned.

• PowerPoint Presentations A multimedia lecture presentation system provides

slides for each chapter, based on chapter objectives.

• Figure Files Illustrations for every figure in the textbook in electronic form.

• Solutions to Exercises Includes solutions for end-of-chapter exercises, including

Ready for a Challenge Practice and Challenge Task solutions, chapter reinforce-

ment exercises, and extra case studies.

• Test Bank & Test Engine Test Banks include 112 questions for every chapter, and

feature objective-based and critical thinking question types, page number references,

and figure references when appropriate. The ExamView test engine is the ultimate

tool for your testing needs.

• Additional Activities for Students The forms that students can use to complete the

Case Studies are included. Two additional case studies are also provided for every

chapter, to be assigned as homework, extra credit, or assessment tools. Chapter

Reinforcement Exercises, which are true/false, multiple-choice, and short answer

questions that help students gain confidence in the material learned are included,

as are the Your Turn Practice Tasks and sample solutions.

• Additional Faculty Files A copy of the powerful CASE tool, Visible Analyst —

Student Edition, is provided for your evaluation. Several sample solutions to case

study tasks also are included. To install this program, you follow a simple regis-

tration process that entitles you to use the software and obtain support. Detailed

instructions are provided on the Instructor Resources disc. Also included are

Word document versions of the e-mail and voice mail messages posted for stu-

dents on the SCR Web site and the Interview Summaries for the New Century

Case Study.

xviii

剩余760页未读，继续阅读

Prefectdai

粉丝: 0
资源: 1

系统分析与设计：SDLC开发流程详解

Systems Analysis and Design Methods 7th Edition - Whitten & Bentley

System Analysis and Design（系统分析与设计）_04.01

System Analysis and Design 9th Edition - Shelly Cashman.pdf

Web-Based Interactive VR-CAD System for Conceptual Design and Analysis.pdf

Systems.Analysis.and.Design.An.Object-Oriented.Approach.with.UML.5th

Low-Noise Electronic System Design.pdf

Power system analysis and design

Linear Control System Analysis and Design（第5版）

system analysis and design with uml version2.0 chapter2

System Analysis and Design with UML Version 2.0 (3rd edition)

最新资源