游戏引擎架构： Jason Gregory 的权威指南

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"Game Engine Architecture by Jason Gregory" 《游戏引擎架构》是Jason Gregory撰写的一本超经典的游戏引擎教程，该书的最新版具有极高的时效性，全书采用英文原版。作者Jason Gregory在游戏开发领域有深厚的背景和丰富的经验，他的见解和知识对于想要深入理解游戏引擎工作原理的人来说极具价值。本书主要探讨了以下几个核心知识点： 1. **游戏引擎基础**：书中首先介绍了游戏引擎的基本概念，包括引擎的构成部分，如渲染引擎、物理引擎、音频引擎、脚本系统、内存管理等，帮助读者构建对游戏引擎的整体认识。 2. **渲染技术**：详细讲解了3D图形学原理，包括顶点处理、像素着色、光照模型、纹理映射、深度缓冲、阴影投射等，这些都是现代游戏视觉效果的关键。 3. **物理模拟**：阐述了游戏中的碰撞检测、刚体动力学、软体物理以及布料和流体模拟，让游戏世界更具真实感。 4. **内存管理与性能优化**：讨论了如何有效地分配和管理内存，以及如何通过数据结构和算法优化提高游戏性能，这对于大型复杂游戏尤其重要。 5. **多线程编程**：游戏引擎通常需要利用多核处理器的优势，书中会涉及并发编程的概念和实践，如线程安全、同步机制和任务调度。 6. **脚本系统与AI**：解释了游戏中的脚本语言如何与引擎交互，以及基本的AI算法和设计模式，如行为树和状态机，用于创建智能非玩家角色（NPC）。 7. **资源管理和加载**：探讨了如何高效地加载和管理游戏资源，包括纹理、模型、音频等，以减少加载时间并优化运行时内存使用。 8. **网络编程**：介绍多人在线游戏所需的网络技术，如同步机制、错误校正和延迟补偿，确保玩家间的互动体验。 9. **平台兼容性**：讨论了跨平台游戏开发的挑战和策略，包括针对不同硬件和操作系统进行优化。 10. **工具链与管线**：讲述了游戏开发中的工具集，如内容编辑器、版本控制系统和构建流程，这些工具对于高效开发至关重要。这本书不仅适合有志于成为游戏开发者的学生和专业人士，也适合希望提升自己游戏开发技能的从业者。它不仅提供理论知识，还包含大量实践案例，使得读者能够将所学应用到实际项目中。通过阅读《游戏引擎架构》，读者将能够深入理解游戏开发背后的复杂性和艺术性，为创建引人入胜的游戏世界打下坚实的基础。

xiv Foreword

The recent explosion of downloadable and casual games has added even

more complexity to the diverse world of commercial video games. Even so,

big games are still big business. The incredible computing power available

on today’s complicated platforms has made room for increased complexity in

the so ware. Naturally, all this advanced so ware has to be created by some-

one, and that has driven up the size of development teams—not to mention

development costs. As the industry matures, we’re always looking for be er,

more eﬃ cient ways to build our products, and development teams have be-

gun compensating for the increased complexity by taking advantage of things

like reusable so ware and middleware.

With so many diﬀ erent styles of game on such a wide array of platforms,

there cannot be any single ideal so ware solution. However, certain pa erns

have developed, and there is a vast menu of potential solutions out there. The

problem today is choosing the right solution to ﬁ t the needs of the particular

project. Going deeper, a development team must consider all the diﬀ erent as-

pects of a project and how they ﬁ t together. It is rare to ﬁ nd any one so ware

package that perfectly suits every aspect of a new game design.

Those of us who are now veterans of the industry found ourselves pio-

neering unknown territory. Few programmers of our generation have Com-

puter Science degrees (Ma ’s is in Aeronautical Engineering, and Jason’s is

in Systems Design Engineering), but these days many colleges are starting to

programs and degrees in video games. The students and developers of today

need a good place to turn to for solid game-development information. For

pure high-end graphics, there are a lot of sources of very good information

from research to practical jewels of knowledge. However, these sources are

o en not directly applicable to production game environments or suﬀ er from

not having actual production-quality implementations. For the rest of game

development, there are so-called beginner books that so gloss over the details

and act as if they invented everything without giving references that they are

just not useful or o en even accurate. Then there are high-end specialty books

for various niches like physics, collision, AI, etc. But these can be needlessly

obtuse or too high level to be understood by all, or the piecemeal approach just

doesn’t all ﬁ t together. Many are even so directly tied to a particular piece of

technology as to become rapidly dated as the hardware and so ware change.

Then there is the Internet, which is an excellent supplementary tool for

knowledge gathering. However, broken links, widely inaccurate data, and

variable-to-poor quality o en make it not useful at all unless you know ex-

actly what you are a er.

Enter Jason Gregory, himself an industry veteran with experience at

Naughty Dog—one of the most highly regarded video game studios in the

xviii Preface

play programming, including player mechanics, cameras, and AI. However,

by necessity, the scope of these discussions will be limited mainly to the ways

in which gameplay systems interface with the engine.

This book is intended to be used as a course text for a two- or three-course

college-level series in intermediate game programming. Of course, it can also

be used by amateur so ware engineers, hobbyists, self-taught game program-

mers, and existing members of the game industry alike. Junior engineers can

use this text to solidify their understanding of game mathematics, engine ar-

chitecture, and game technology. And some senior engineers who have de-

voted their careers to one particular specialty may beneﬁ t from the bigger

picture presented in these pages, as well.

To get the most out of this book, you should have a working knowledge

of basic object-oriented programming concepts and at least some experience

programming in C++. Although a host of new and exciting languages are be-

ginning to take hold within the game industry, industrial-strength 3D game

engines are still wri en primarily in C or C++, and any serious game pro-

grammer needs to know C++. We’ll review the basic tenets of object-oriented

programming in Chapter 3, and you will no doubt pick up a few new C++

tricks as you read this book, but a solid foundation in the C++ language is best

obtained from [39], [31], and [32]. If your C++ is a bit rusty, I recommend you

refer to these or similar books to refresh your knowledge as you read this text.

If you have no prior C++ experience, you may want to consider reading at least

the ﬁ rst few chapters of [39], or working through a few C++ tutorials online,

before diving into this book.

The best way to learn computer programming of any kind is to actually

write some code. As you read through this book, I strongly encourage you to

select a few topic areas that are of particular interest to you and come up with

some projects for yourself in those areas. For example, if you ﬁ nd character

animation interesting, you could start by installing Ogre3D and exploring its

skinned animation demo. Then you could try to implement some of the anima-

tion blending techniques described in this book, using Ogre. Next you might

decide to implement a simple joypad-controlled animated character that can

run around on a ﬂ at plane. Once you have something relatively simple work-

ing, expand upon it! Then move on to another area of game technology. Rinse

and repeat. It doesn’t particularly ma er what the projects are, as long as

you’re practicing the art of game programming, not just reading about it.

Game technology is a living, breathing thing that can never be entirely

captured within the pages of a book. As such, additional resources, errata,

updates, sample code, and project ideas will be posted from time to time on

this book’s website at h p://gameenginebook.com.

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