MySQL 5.0参考手册：版本支持与特性说明

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"MySQL5.0参考手册是MySQL数据库服务器5.0版本的官方文档，涵盖了从5.0到5.0.96的所有内容。该手册详细描述了MySQL5.0的各项特性，但请注意，5.0版本的主动开发已经结束，Oracle提供了多种支持服务。建议升级到最新版本以获取持续的技术支持和安全更新。" 在MySQL5.0中，包含了多个关键特性，这些特性可能不包含在所有发行版中，具体取决于你所拥有的MySQL5.0许可证。如果你对许可证包含的特性有疑问，应查阅你的MySQL5.0许可协议或联系Oracle的代表。手册中还包含了每个发布版本的更改详情，你可以通过查阅MySQL5.0发行说明来了解这些信息。这有助于理解不同版本之间的改进和修复的问题。对于在使用MySQL过程中遇到的问题，建议访问MySQL论坛或MySQL邮件列表，那里可以与其他MySQL用户交流讨论，获取帮助。除了这个参考手册，Oracle还提供了关于MySQL产品的其他文档，包括翻译版本，以便于不同语言背景的用户查阅。 MySQL5.0的一些主要特性可能包括： 1. **SQL语言支持**：MySQL5.0支持标准的SQL语法，包括查询、插入、更新和删除数据，以及复杂的联接操作和子查询。 2. **存储引擎**：MySQL5.0引入了多种存储引擎，如InnoDB（提供事务处理和行级锁定），MyISAM（快速读取，但无事务处理），以及后来添加的Memory和Archive等。 3. **触发器和存储过程**：允许用户在数据库级别定义复杂的行为，无需在应用程序中实现。 4. **视图**：提供了一种抽象数据的方法，可以简化查询和管理复杂的数据结构。 5. **分区**：在大型表上提高查询性能，通过将数据分成更小、更易管理的部分。 6. **外键约束**：增强了数据完整性和引用完整性，确保了数据库中数据的一致性。 7. **XML支持**：提供了处理XML数据的能力，包括XML类型、XML函数和XML模式。 8. **性能优化**：包括查询缓存、索引优化和查询分析工具，以提升数据库性能。 9. **安全性**：提供了用户权限管理和访问控制，以保护数据库免受未经授权的访问。 10. **复制**：允许数据在多个服务器之间进行同步，提供高可用性和故障恢复能力。尽管MySQL5.0在当时是一个强大的数据库系统，但由于其生命周期已结束，用户应该考虑升级到更现代的版本，如MySQL8.0，以获得更好的性能、新的功能和持续的安全更新。

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MySQL 5.0 Reference Manual

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A.5 MySQL 5.0 FAQ: Triggers ......................................................................................... 1913

A.6 MySQL 5.0 FAQ: Views ............................................................................................ 1915

A.7 MySQL 5.0 FAQ: INFORMATION_SCHEMA .............................................................. 1916

A.8 MySQL 5.0 FAQ: Migration ....................................................................................... 1917

A.9 MySQL 5.0 FAQ: Security ......................................................................................... 1917

A.10 MySQL 5.0 FAQ: MySQL Cluster ............................................................................. 1918

A.11 MySQL 5.0 FAQ: MySQL Chinese, Japanese, and Korean Character Sets ................. 1929

A.12 MySQL 5.0 FAQ: Connectors & APIs ....................................................................... 1941

A.13 MySQL 5.0 FAQ: Replication ................................................................................... 1942

B Errors, Error Codes, and Common Problems ........................................................................ 1947

B.1 Sources of Error Information ...................................................................................... 1947

B.2 Types of Error Values ............................................................................................... 1947

B.3 Server Error Codes and Messages ............................................................................ 1948

B.4 Client Error Codes and Messages ............................................................................. 1983

B.5 Problems and Common Errors .................................................................................. 1987

B.5.1 How to Determine What Is Causing a Problem ................................................ 1987

B.5.2 Common Errors When Using MySQL Programs ............................................... 1988

B.5.3 Administration-Related Issues ......................................................................... 2001

B.5.4 Query-Related Issues ..................................................................................... 2009

B.5.5 Optimizer-Related Issues ................................................................................ 2017

B.5.6 Table Definition-Related Issues ....................................................................... 2017

B.5.7 Known Issues in MySQL ................................................................................ 2018

C Restrictions and Limits ......................................................................................................... 2023

C.1 Restrictions on Stored Programs ............................................................................... 2023

C.2 Restrictions on Server-Side Cursors .......................................................................... 2025

C.3 Restrictions on Subqueries ........................................................................................ 2026

C.4 Restrictions on Views ................................................................................................ 2028

C.5 Restrictions on XA Transactions ................................................................................ 2030

C.6 Restrictions on Character Sets .................................................................................. 2030

C.7 Limits in MySQL ....................................................................................................... 2031

C.7.1 Limits on Joins ............................................................................................... 2031

C.7.2 Limits on Number of Databases and Tables .................................................... 2031

C.7.3 Limits on Table Size ...................................................................................... 2031

C.7.4 Limits on Table Column Count and Row Size .................................................. 2032

C.7.5 Limits Imposed by .frm File Structure .............................................................. 2034

C.7.6 Windows Platform Limitations ......................................................................... 2035

General Index ......................................................................................................................... 2039

C Function Index ..................................................................................................................... 2111

Command Index ...................................................................................................................... 2119

Function Index ........................................................................................................................ 2145

INFORMATION_SCHEMA Index .............................................................................................. 2161

Join Types Index ..................................................................................................................... 2163

Operator Index ........................................................................................................................ 2165

Option Index ........................................................................................................................... 2169

Privileges Index ....................................................................................................................... 2215

SQL Modes Index ................................................................................................................... 2219

Statement/Syntax Index ........................................................................................................... 2221

Status Variable Index .............................................................................................................. 2253

System Variable Index ............................................................................................................ 2259

Transaction Isolation Level Index ............................................................................................. 2273

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Preface and Legal Notices

This is the Reference Manual for the MySQL Database System, version 5.0, through release 5.0.96.

Differences between minor versions of MySQL 5.0 are noted in the present text with reference to

release numbers (5.0.x). For license information, see the Legal Notices.

This manual is not intended for use with older versions of the MySQL software due to the many

functional and other differences between MySQL 5.0 and previous versions. If you are using an earlier

release of the MySQL software, please refer to the appropriate manual. For example, MySQL 3.23, 4.0,

4.1 Reference Manual covers the 4.1 series of MySQL software releases.

If you are using MySQL 5.1, please refer to the MySQL 5.1 Reference Manual.

Licensing information. This product may include third-party software, used under license. If you

are using a Commercial release of MySQL 5.0, see this document for licensing information, including

licensing information relating to third-party software that may be included in this Commercial release.

If you are using a Community release of MySQL 5.0, see this document for licensing information,

including licensing information relating to third-party software that may be included in this Community

release.

Legal Notices

This software and related documentation are provided under a license agreement containing

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form, or by any means. Reverse engineering, disassembly, or decompilation of this software, unless

required by law for interoperability, is prohibited.

The information contained herein is subject to change without notice and is not warranted to be error-

free. If you find any errors, please report them to us in writing.

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Chapter 1 General Information

Table of Contents

1.1 About This Manual .................................................................................................................. 2

1.2 Typographical and Syntax Conventions ................................................................................... 3

1.3 Overview of the MySQL Database Management System .......................................................... 4

1.3.1 What is MySQL? .......................................................................................................... 4

1.3.2 The Main Features of MySQL ....................................................................................... 6

1.3.3 History of MySQL ......................................................................................................... 9

1.4 What Is New in MySQL 5.0 ..................................................................................................... 9

1.5 MySQL Development History ................................................................................................. 11

1.6 MySQL Information Sources .................................................................................................. 11

1.6.1 MySQL Mailing Lists .................................................................................................. 12

1.6.2 MySQL Community Support at the MySQL Forums ...................................................... 14

1.6.3 MySQL Community Support on Internet Relay Chat (IRC) ............................................ 14

1.6.4 MySQL Enterprise ...................................................................................................... 14

1.7 How to Report Bugs or Problems .......................................................................................... 15

1.8 MySQL Standards Compliance .............................................................................................. 19

1.8.1 MySQL Extensions to Standard SQL ........................................................................... 20

1.8.2 MySQL Differences from Standard SQL ...................................................................... 23

1.8.3 How MySQL Deals with Constraints ............................................................................ 27

1.9 Credits .................................................................................................................................. 31

1.9.1 Contributors to MySQL ............................................................................................... 31

1.9.2 Documenters and translators ...................................................................................... 35

1.9.3 Packages that support MySQL .................................................................................... 36

1.9.4 Tools that were used to create MySQL ....................................................................... 37

1.9.5 Supporters of MySQL ................................................................................................. 37

End of Product Lifecycle. Active development for MySQL Database Server version 5.0 has ended.

Oracle offers various support offerings which may be of interest. For details and more information,

see the MySQL section of the Lifetime Support Policy for Oracle Technology Products (http://

www.oracle.com/us/support/lifetime-support/index.html). Please consider upgrading to a recent

version.

The MySQL™ software delivers a very fast, multi-threaded, multi-user, and robust SQL (Structured

Query Language) database server. MySQL Server is intended for mission-critical, heavy-load

production systems as well as for embedding into mass-deployed software. Oracle is a registered

trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. MySQL is a trademark of Oracle Corporation and/

or its affiliates, and shall not be used by Customer without Oracle's express written authorization. Other

names may be trademarks of their respective owners.

The MySQL software is Dual Licensed. Users can choose to use the MySQL software as an Open

Source product under the terms of the GNU General Public License (http://www.fsf.org/licenses/) or

can purchase a standard commercial license from Oracle. See http://www.mysql.com/company/legal/

licensing/ for more information on our licensing policies.

The following list describes some sections of particular interest in this manual:

• For a discussion of MySQL Database Server capabilities, see Section 1.3.2, “The Main Features of

MySQL”.

• For an overview of new MySQL features, see Section 1.4, “What Is New in MySQL 5.0”. For

information about the changes in each version, see the Release Notes.

About This Manual

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• For installation instructions, see Chapter 2, Installing and Upgrading MySQL. For information about

upgrading MySQL, see Section 2.19.1, “Upgrading MySQL”.

• For a tutorial introduction to the MySQL Database Server, see Chapter 3, Tutorial.

• For information about configuring and administering MySQL Server, see Chapter 5, MySQL Server

Administration.

• For information about security in MySQL, see Chapter 6, Security.

• For information about setting up replication servers, see Chapter 16, Replication.

• For information about MySQL Enterprise, the commercial MySQL release with advanced features

and management tools, see Chapter 22, MySQL Enterprise Edition.

• For answers to a number of questions that are often asked concerning the MySQL Database Server

and its capabilities, see Appendix A, MySQL 5.0 Frequently Asked Questions.

• For a history of new features and bugfixes, see the Release Notes.

Important

To report problems or bugs, please use the instructions at Section 1.7, “How

to Report Bugs or Problems”. If you find a sensitive security bug in MySQL

Server, please let us know immediately by sending an email message to

<secalert_us@oracle.com>. Exception: Support customers should report

all problems, including security bugs, to Oracle Support.

1.1 About This Manual