第
22
卷第
6
期
2008
年
12
月
高才主
4
匕学工手呈学丰民
Joumal
ofChemical
Engineering
ofChinωe
Universities
文章编号
1003-9015
(2
008)06-0911-04
杂质对于磷酸二氢何结晶的影响研究
党亚固
费桂、君
胡秀英
2
唐建华
I
No.6
Vo
1.
22
Dec. 2008
(l.四川大学化工学院，
四川成都
610065;
2
江苏技术师范学院化学化工学院，江苏常
1H
2l3001)
摘
要:初步净化后湿法磷酸生产的磷酸二氢伺常含有多种杂质。采用间歇结晶法研究了
Fe
3
+
、Al
3
+
、
Mi+
、
Ca
1
+
、
F
、
so/-
杂质对磷酸二氢钢结晶介稳区宽度、结晶晶形、诱导时间、结晶生长速度等的影响。实验结果表明:各种杂质离
子均导致结晶介稳区增大，其中高价金属离子
Fe
3
+
、
A
I'+的影响最为显著，随着
Fe
3
+
、Al
3
+
浓度的增加，晶体的长径比
显著增大，晶体由棱柱状变为针状，诱导时间延长，晶体生长速度变小，
Al'+
的影响比
Fe'"
仲略大。
F
浓度增大，晶体的
长径比反而变小。
so/-
浓度增大，平均粒径先减小后由于生成聚晶而增大，晶形仍为棱柱状，单晶长径比先缓慢增大
而后略有减小。掺杂
Ca
1+、
Mi+
对晶形影响很小。研究结果对于磷酸二氢钢的结晶生长条件选择有重要的参考价值。
关键词:杂质:磷酸二氢钢:结晶晶形:介稳区宽度
中图分类号
TQI26.39:
TQ026
.5
文献标识码
A
Effects
of
Impurities
on
Crystallization
Process
of
Potassium
Dihydrogen
Phosphate
DANGYa-gu
l
,
PEIDe
才
un
l
，
HU Xiu-ying
2
, T ANG Jian-hua
1
(l.
School ofChemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; 2
.D
epartment
of
Chemical and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Technical and Turtor Co
l1
ege, Changzhou 213001, China)
Abstract:
Since the phosphoric acid produced by purified
wet-proc
巳
ss
contains many impurities,
the
pot
臼
sium
dihydrogen phosphate (KDP)
produced
仕
om
the purified
wet
回
process
phosphoric acid contains many
impurities. The
e
他
cts
of
impurity ions
pe
3
+,
A
户，
Mg
2
+,
Ca
2
+,
P-
and
SO/-
on the crystallization metastable
zone width
of
KDP , its crystallization induction period and crystallizatioù ïate
wtre
studied by means
of
batch
crysta
l1
ization process. The metastable zone
of
KDP was found to be widened with the increase
of
impurity
concentrations
, especially the concentration
of
some impurities with high valence cationic ions, such
as
Pe
3
+ and
AI
3
+. With increasing Pe
3
+
or
A1
3
+ concentration, the KDP crystal morphology
changes
企
om
prism to speculate,
the ratio
of
KDP crystal length to its diameter and its crystallization induction period increase gradua
l1
y, but its
crystallization rate decreases. Between above mentioned two impurity ions
, the effects
of
A1
3
+
on the
crystallization process
of
KDP are a little stronger than that
of
Pe
3
+.
As to the influences
of
cationic ion
impurities
p-
I
and sol-, the ratio
ofKDP
crystallength to its diameter decreases slowly with the increase
OfP-1
concentration; when the
SO/-
concentration increase, the average size
of
the KDP crystal increases at first and
then decreases
, and the ratio
of
KDP crystal length to its diameter increases slowly at first, and then decreases
slowly. The impurity ions Mg
2
+ and
Ca
2
+ have very little influence on the KDP crystallization process. This
study has helpful reference value for the KDP production process.
Key words: impurities; potassium dihydrogen phosphate; crystal morphology; metastable zone width
1
引
磷酸二氢饵
(KH
2
P0
4
，
Potassium dihydrogen
phosphate
，简称
KDP)
是一种重要的工业原料和高效复合
收稿日期
2007-12-16.
修订日期
2008-07-18.
基金项目:国家十→五攻关项目
z
西部中低品位磷矿资源化深度开发关键技术研究
(2005B
A2
07
C).
f
乍者简介:党亚固
(1969-)
，男，四川省成都市人，四川大学副教授，硕士。通讯联系人:费{吉君，
E-maib
wwx-ffd@vip.sina.com
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