GPU并行计算实战:CUDA编程指南

需积分: 11 2 下载量 27 浏览量 更新于2024-07-21 收藏 16.57MB PDF 举报
"CUDA Programming - A Developer's Guide to Parallel Computing with GPUs" CUDA(Compute Unified Device Architecture)是NVIDIA推出的一种并行计算平台和编程模型,它允许开发者利用图形处理单元(GPU)进行高性能计算。这本书“CUDA Programming - A Developer's Guide to Parallel Computing with GPUs”由Shane Cook撰写,旨在为开发人员提供一个全面的指南,帮助他们理解和掌握如何使用CUDA进行GPU编程,以实现高效的并行计算。 在书中,作者深入浅出地介绍了CUDA的核心概念和技术,包括: 1. **CUDA架构**:讨论了CUDA硬件结构,如多核GPU的设计,流式多处理器(SMs),线程块和网格的概念,以及全局、共享、常量和纹理内存层次。 2. **CUDA编程模型**:讲解如何定义和管理CUDA线程,以及如何组织线程执行的维度,以充分利用GPU的并行性。此外,还涵盖了同步和通信机制,如__syncthreads()函数和cudaMemcpy()。 3. **CUDA C++编程**:介绍如何在C++中嵌入CUDA代码,包括设备函数、主机-设备数据传输,以及错误检查和性能优化策略。 4. **CUDA并行算法设计**:探讨如何将传统的串行算法转换为并行算法,以适应GPU的并行计算环境。这可能涉及到数据并行性、任务并行性和混合并行性的考虑。 5. **内存管理**:深入研究CUDA内存模型,包括内存类型的选择、内存对齐、内存分配和释放,以及如何减少内存访问延迟和提高带宽利用率。 6. **性能分析与调优**:提供工具和方法来分析CUDA程序的性能,包括使用Nsight和Visual Profiler等工具,以及如何通过优化代码布局、减少数据冲突和提高计算密度来提升性能。 7. **应用实例**:书中很可能包含实际的应用示例,如物理模拟、图像处理、机器学习和科学计算等领域,以便读者能够将所学应用到实践中。 8. **最佳实践和陷阱**:分享了开发CUDA程序时需要注意的一些最佳实践,以及常见的陷阱和错误,帮助开发者避免常见问题。 9. **CUDA库和API**:可能会涵盖CUDA提供的库,如cuBLAS(线性代数)、cuFFT(快速傅里叶变换)和Thrust(并行算法库),以及如何使用这些库来加速计算任务。 10. **最新CUDA版本特性**:随着CUDA版本的更新,书中可能也会介绍新的特性和改进,如CUDA动态并行性、张量核心等。 这本书为那些想要利用GPU的强大计算能力的开发者提供了全面的指导,无论他们是新手还是经验丰富的程序员,都能从中受益。通过学习CUDA,开发者可以有效地利用现代GPU,解决计算密集型问题,实现比传统CPU更高的计算效率。
2014-09-09 上传
CUDA programming: a developer's guide to parallel computing with GPUs. by Shane Cook. Over the past five years there has been a revolution in computing brought about by a company that for successive years has emerged as one of the premier gaming hardware manufacturersdNVIDIA. With the introduction of the CUDA (Compute Unified Device Architecture) programming language, for the first time these hugely powerful graphics coprocessors could be used by everyday C programmers to offload computationally expensive work. From the embedded device industry, to home users, to supercomputers, everything has changed as a result of this. One of the major changes in the computer software industry has been the move from serial programming to parallel programming. Here, CUDA has produced great advances. The graphics processor unit (GPU) by its very nature is designed for high-speed graphics, which are inherently parallel. CUDA takes a simple model of data parallelism and incorporates it into a programming model without the need for graphics primitives. In fact, CUDA, unlike its predecessors, does not require any understanding or knowledge of graphics or graphics primitives. You do not have to be a games programmer either. The CUDA language makes the GPU look just like another programmable device. Throughout this book I will assume readers have no prior knowledge of CUDA, or of parallel programming. I assume they have only an existing knowledge of the C/C++ programming language. As we progress and you become more competent with CUDA, we’ll cover more advanced topics, taking you from a parallel unaware programmer to one who can exploit the full potential of CUDA. For programmers already familiar with parallel programming concepts and CUDA, we’ll be discussing in detail the architecture of the GPUs and how to get the most from each, including the latest Fermi and Kepler hardware. Literally anyone who can program in C or C++ can program with CUDA in a few hours given a little training. Getting from novice CUDA programmer, with a several times speedup to 10 times–plus speedup is what you should be capable of by the end of this book. The book is very much aimed at learning CUDA, but with a focus on performance, having first achieved correctness. Your level of skill and understanding of writing high-performance code, especially for GPUs, will hugely benefit from this text. This book is a practical guide to using CUDA in real applications, by real practitioners. At the same time, however, we cover the necessary theory and background so everyone, no matter what their background, can follow along and learn how to program in CUDA, making this book ideal for both professionals and those studying GPUs or parallel programming.
2019-01-12 上传
GPU Parallel Program Development Using CUDA (Chapman & Hall/CRC Computational Science) By 作者: Tolga Soyata ISBN-10 书号: 1498750753 ISBN-13 书号: 9781498750752 Edition 版本: 1 出版日期: 2018-02-16 pages 页数: 477 GPU Parallel Program Development using CUDA teaches GPU programming by showing the differences among different families of GPUs. This approach prepares the reader for the next generation and future generations of GPUs. The book emphasizes concepts that will remain relevant for a long time, rather than concepts that are platform-specific. At the same time, the book also provides platform-dependent explanations that are as valuable as generalized GPU concepts. The book consists of three separate parts; it starts by explaining parallelism using CPU multi-threading in Part I. A few simple programs are used to demonstrate the concept of dividing a large task into multiple parallel sub-tasks and mapping them to CPU threads. Multiple ways of parallelizing the same task are analyzed and their pros/cons are studied in terms of both core and memory operation. Part II of the book introduces GPU massive parallelism. The same programs are parallelized on multiple Nvidia GPU platforms and the same performance analysis is repeated. Because the core and memory structures of CPUs and GPUs are different, the results differ in interesting ways. The end goal is to make programmers aware of all the good ideas, as well as the bad ideas, so readers can apply the good ideas and avoid the bad ideas in their own programs. Part III of the book provides pointer for readers who want to expand their horizons. It provides a brief introduction to popular CUDA libraries (such as cuBLAS, cuFFT, NPP, and Thrust),the OpenCL programming language, an overview of GPU programming using other programming languages and API libraries (such as Python, OpenCV, OpenGL, and Apple’s Swift and Metal,) and the deep learning library cuDNN.