UNIX网络编程卷1第三版：Sockets Networking API详解

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"UNIX网络编程卷1(第三版英文版).pdf" 《UNIX网络编程卷1》是网络编程领域的一本经典著作，由著名计算机科学家W. Richard Stevens撰写，第三版增加了最新的技术发展和更新内容。这本书主要探讨了在UNIX系统中如何使用Socket接口进行网络通信，涵盖了TCP/IP协议栈的基础知识以及实际编程技巧。本书的目录结构清晰，从基础概念到高级主题逐步展开。在第1章中，作者引入了网络编程的基本概念，通过一个简单的Daytime客户端示例展示了如何开始编写网络程序。这一章还讨论了协议独立性、错误处理的方法（如使用wrapper函数）以及构建一个Daytime服务器的过程。此外，书中还给出了全书后续章节中将涉及的客户端/服务器示例的概览，并介绍了开放系统互连（OSI）模型，回顾了BSD网络的历史，以及如何设置测试网络和主机。最后，提到了UNIX标准和64位架构的重要性。第2章深入到传输层，详细讲解了TCP、UDP和SCTP这三种主要的传输协议。TCP是互联网上最常用的面向连接的协议，提供了可靠的数据传输服务；UDP则是一种无连接的协议，适合对实时性要求高的应用；而SCTP是介于TCP和UDP之间的一种传输协议，提供了部分TCP的可靠性，同时具有UDP的高效性。这一章会详细阐述这些协议的工作原理、特性以及如何在实际编程中使用它们。接下来的章节，作者会继续深入探讨网络编程的各个方面，包括套接字API的使用、IP层、网络地址转换（NAT）、多路复用I/O（如select、poll和epoll）、并发服务器设计、套接字选项、套接字级广播和多播、错误诊断与调试，以及网络安全问题等。这本书不仅适合初学者，也对有经验的程序员有很高的参考价值。通过阅读和实践书中的示例代码，读者能够掌握UNIX系统下的网络编程技术，理解TCP/IP协议的工作方式，并有能力开发出高效、可靠的网络应用程序。此外，由于源代码和错误报告的可用性，读者可以更方便地学习和解决问题。《UNIX网络编程卷1》是一部详尽的网络编程指南，它以其深度和广度，为学习和理解网络编程提供了全面的知识框架，是每一位立志于在网络编程领域深造的开发者不可或缺的参考资料。

Addison Wesley : UNIX Network Programming Volume 1, Third Edition: The Sockets Networking API

Section 4.7. fork and exec Functions

Section 4.8. Concurrent Servers

Section 4.9. close Function

Section 4.10. getsockname and getpeername Functions

Section 4.11. Summary

Exercises

Chapter 5. TCP Client/Server Example

Section 5.1. Introduction

Section 5.2. TCP Echo Server: main Function

Section 5.3. TCP Echo Server: str_echo Function

Section 5.4. TCP Echo Client: main Function

Section 5.5. TCP Echo Client: str_cli Function

Section 5.6. Normal Startup

Section 5.7. Normal Termination

Section 5.8. POSIX Signal Handling

Section 5.9. Handling SIGCHLD Signals

Section 5.10. wait and waitpid Functions

Section 5.11. Connection Abort before accept Returns

Section 5.12. Termination of Server Process

Section 5.13. SIGPIPE Signal

Section 5.14. Crashing of Server Host

Section 5.15. Crashing and Rebooting of Server Host

Section 5.16. Shutdown of Server Host

Section 5.17. Summary of TCP Example

Section 5.18. Data Format

Section 5.19. Summary

Exercises

Chapter 6. I/O Multiplexing: The select and poll Functions

Section 6.1. Introduction

Section 6.2. I/O Models

Section 6.3. select Function

Section 6.4. str_cli Function (Revisited)

Section 6.5. Batch Input and Buffering

Section 6.6. shutdown Function

Section 6.7. str_cli Function (Revisited Again)

Section 6.8. TCP Echo Server (Revisited)

Section 6.9. pselect Function

Section 6.10. poll Function

Section 6.11. TCP Echo Server (Revisited Again)

Section 6.12. Summary

Exercises

Chapter 7. Socket Options

Section 7.1. Introduction

Section 7.2. getsockopt and setsockopt Functions

Addison Wesley : UNIX Network Programming Volume 1, Third Edition: The Sockets Networking API

Section 7.3. Checking if an Option Is Supported and Obtaining the Default

Section 7.4. Socket States

Section 7.5. Generic Socket Options

Section 7.6. IPv4 Socket Options

Section 7.7. ICMPv6 Socket Option

Section 7.8. IPv6 Socket Options

Section 7.9. TCP Socket Options

Section 7.10. SCTP Socket Options

Section 7.11. fcntl Function

Section 7.12. Summary

Exercises

Chapter 8. Elementary UDP Sockets

Section 8.1. Introduction

Section 8.2. recvfrom and sendto Functions

Section 8.3. UDP Echo Server: main Function

Section 8.4. UDP Echo Server: dg_echo Function

Section 8.5. UDP Echo Client: main Function

Section 8.6. UDP Echo Client: dg_cli Function

Section 8.7. Lost Datagrams

Section 8.8. Verifying Received Response

Section 8.9. Server Not Running

Section 8.10. Summary of UDP Example

Section 8.11. connect Function with UDP

Section 8.12. dg_cli Function (Revisited)

Section 8.13. Lack of Flow Control with UDP

Section 8.14. Determining Outgoing Interface with UDP

Section 8.15. TCP and UDP Echo Server Using select

Section 8.16. Summary

Exercises

Chapter 9. Elementary SCTP Sockets

Section 9.1. Introduction

Section 9.2. Interface Models

Section 9.3. sctp_bindx Function

Section 9.4. sctp_connectx Function

Section 9.5. sctp_getpaddrs Function

Section 9.6. sctp_freepaddrs Function

Section 9.7. sctp_getladdrs Function

Section 9.8. sctp_freeladdrs Function

Section 9.9. sctp_sendmsg Function

Section 9.10. sctp_recvmsg Function

Section 9.11. sctp_opt_info Function

Section 9.12. sctp_peeloff Function

Section 9.13. shutdown Function

Section 9.14. Notifications

Addison Wesley : UNIX Network Programming Volume 1, Third Edition: The Sockets Networking API

Section 9.15. Summary

Exercises

Chapter 10. SCTP Client/Server Example

Section 10.1. Introduction

Section 10.2. SCTP One-to-Many-Style Streaming Echo Server: main Function

Section 10.3. SCTP One-to-Many-Style Streaming Echo Client: main Function

Section 10.4. SCTP Streaming Echo Client: str_cli Function

Section 10.5. Exploring Head-of-Line Blocking

Section 10.6. Controlling the Number of Streams

Section 10.7. Controlling Termination

Section 10.8. Summary

Exercises

Chapter 11. Name and Address Conversions

Section 11.1. Introduction

Section 11.2. Domain Name System (DNS)

Section 11.3. gethostbyname Function

Section 11.4. gethostbyaddr Function

Section 11.5. getservbyname and getservbyport Functions

Section 11.6. getaddrinfo Function

Section 11.7. gai_strerror Function

Section 11.8. freeaddrinfo Function

Section 11.9. getaddrinfo Function: IPv6

Section 11.10. getaddrinfo Function: Examples

Section 11.11. host_serv Function

Section 11.12. tcp_connect Function

Section 11.13. tcp_listen Function

Section 11.14. udp_client Function

Section 11.15. udp_connect Function

Section 11.16. udp_server Function

Section 11.17. getnameinfo Function

Section 11.18. Re-entrant Functions

Section 11.19. gethostbyname_r and gethostbyaddr_r Functions

Section 11.20. Obsolete IPv6 Address Lookup Functions

Section 11.21. Other Networking Information

Section 11.22. Summary

Exercises

Part 3: Advanced Sockets

Chapter 12. IPv4 and IPv6 Interoperability

Section 12.1. Introduction

Section 12.2. IPv4 Client, IPv6 Server

Section 12.3. IPv6 Client, IPv4 Server

Section 12.4. IPv6 Address-Testing Macros

Section 12.5. Source Code Portability

Section 12.6. Summary

Addison Wesley : UNIX Network Programming Volume 1, Third Edition: The Sockets Networking API

Exercises

Chapter 13. Daemon Processes and the inetd Superserver

Section 13.1. Introduction

Section 13.2. syslogd Daemon

Section 13.3. syslog Function

Section 13.4. daemon_init Function

Section 13.5. inetd Daemon

Section 13.6. daemon_inetd Function

Section 13.7. Summary

Exercises

Chapter 14. Advanced I/O Functions

Section 14.1. Introduction

Section 14.2. Socket Timeouts

Section 14.3. recv and send Functions

Section 14.4. readv and writev Functions

Section 14.5. recvmsg and sendmsg Functions

Section 14.6. Ancillary Data

Section 14.7. How Much Data Is Queued?

Section 14.8. Sockets and Standard I/O

Section 14.9. Advanced Polling

Section 14.10. Summary

Exercises

Chapter 15. Unix Domain Protocols

Section 15.1. Introduction

Section 15.2. Unix Domain Socket Address Structure

Section 15.3. socketpair Function

Section 15.4. Socket Functions

Section 15.5. Unix Domain Stream Client/Server

Section 15.6. Unix Domain Datagram Client/Server

Section 15.7. Passing Descriptors

Section 15.8. Receiving Sender Credentials

Section 15.9. Summary

Exercises

Chapter 16. Nonblocking I/O

Section 16.1. Introduction

Section 16.2. Nonblocking Reads and Writes: str_cli Function (Revisited)

Section 16.3. Nonblocking connect

Section 16.4. Nonblocking connect: Daytime Client

Section 16.5. Nonblocking connect: Web Client

Section 16.6. Nonblocking accept

Section 16.7. Summary

Exercises

Chapter 17. ioctl Operations

Section 17.1. Introduction

Addison Wesley : UNIX Network Programming Volume 1, Third Edition: The Sockets Networking API

Section 17.2. ioctl Function

Section 17.3. Socket Operations

Section 17.4. File Operations

Section 17.5. Interface Configuration

Section 17.6. get_ifi_info Function

Section 17.7. Interface Operations

Section 17.8. ARP Cache Operations

Section 17.9. Routing Table Operations

Section 17.10. Summary

Exercises

Chapter 18. Routing Sockets

Section 18.1. Introduction

Section 18.2. Datalink Socket Address Structure

Section 18.3. Reading and Writing

Section 18.4. sysctl Operations

Section 18.5. get_ifi_info Function (Revisited)

Section 18.6. Interface Name and Index Functions

Section 18.7. Summary

Exercises

Chapter 19. Key Management Sockets

Section 19.1. Introduction

Section 19.2. Reading and Writing

Section 19.3. Dumping the Security Association Database (SADB)

Section 19.4. Creating a Static Security Association (SA)

Section 19.5. Dynamically Maintaining SAs

Section 19.6. Summary

Exercises

Chapter 20. Broadcasting

Section 20.1. Introduction

Section 20.2. Broadcast Addresses

Section 20.3. Unicast versus Broadcast

Section 20.4. dg_cli Function Using Broadcasting

Section 20.5. Race Conditions

Section 20.6. Summary

Exercises

Chapter 21. Multicasting

Section 21.1. Introduction

Section 21.2. Multicast Addresses

Section 21.3. Multicasting versus Broadcasting on a LAN

Section 21.4. Multicasting on a WAN

Section 21.5. Source-Specific Multicast

Section 21.6. Multicast Socket Options

Section 21.7. mcast_join and Related Functions

Section 21.8. dg_cli Function Using Multicasting

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