构建实际Google Web Toolkit应用实战

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"Google Web Toolkit (GWT) 是一个由Google开发的开源工具包，它允许开发者使用Java语言来编写富互联网应用程序（Rich Internet Applications，RIA），并自动编译成JavaScript，以在各种浏览器上运行。这本书《Google Web Toolkit Applications》深入探讨了如何使用GWT构建实际的、非简单的Web应用，提供了从UI设计到定制代码生成的最佳实践。" Google Web Toolkit (GWT) 是一套用于构建高性能、跨平台的Web应用的开发框架。它的核心理念是让开发者用熟悉的Java语言编写应用，然后通过GWT的编译器将Java代码转换成优化过的JavaScript，这样就可以在任何支持JavaScript的浏览器上运行，无需关心浏览器之间的兼容性问题。 GWT 提供了一系列的工具和库，包括但不限于以下几点： 1. **UI组件库**：GWT提供了一套丰富的用户界面组件，如按钮、表格、表单等，这些组件可以方便地用Java代码进行操作，并且具有良好的样式可定制性。 2. **异步通信（AJAX）**：GWT简化了客户端与服务器间的异步数据交换，使用`RemoteProcedureCall (RPC)`机制，使得调用服务器端的方法就像调用本地方法一样简单。 3. **国际化支持**：GWT支持多语言环境，使得应用能够轻松适应不同的语言和地区设置。 4. **代码重用**：GWT鼓励模块化和组件化开发，使得Java类可以在客户端和服务端之间共享，提高了代码复用率。 5. **开发工具**：GWT集成了强大的开发工具，如IDE插件，提供代码提示、编译、调试等功能，帮助开发者高效开发。 6. **性能优化**：GWT编译器会进行代码优化，减少网络传输的数据量，提高加载速度，并对JavaScript代码进行压缩，提高运行效率。 7. **测试支持**：GWT提供了单元测试和集成测试框架，使得开发者能够方便地对应用进行测试。书中提到，作者Ryan通过他的项目gpokr.com和kdice.com展示了GWT的实际应用价值，这表明GWT不仅在理论上可行，而且在实际项目中也能取得成功。书中的内容涵盖了从基础的UI设计到复杂的自定义代码生成，适合不同水平的开发者学习，无论你是初学者还是经验丰富的开发者，都可以从中获取有价值的见解和技巧。书中所涉及的高级概念，如事件处理、动画效果、性能优化等，都以易于理解的方式呈现，帮助读者全面掌握GWT的应用。《Google Web Toolkit Applications》是GWT开发者的一本重要参考书籍，它提供了一个全面的学习路径，帮助开发者深入理解并熟练运用GWT构建现代Web应用程序。

Contents xv

Building a Multiple Document View 367

The BlogEditorView Class 370

The BlogView Class 372

The BlogEntryView Class 376

The EditEntryView Class 378

Adding Rich Text Editing 381

Using RichTextArea 382

Using ImageBundle, Internationalization, and the

RichTextToolbar 383

The LoadingPanel Widget 386

The TitleCommandBar Widget 388

Designing the Application Controller 390

Building an HTTP Proxy Servlet 392

A New Cross-Domain RequestBuilder 394

Writing a Proxy Servlet 397

Integrating with the Blogger API 401

Using Atom Publishing Protocol and GData 402

Defining the BloggerService Class 402

Signing In to a Google Account 403

Getting the XML List of Blogs for the Account 410

Getting the XML List of Entries for Each Blog 413

Sending XML to Create and Save an Entry 416

Sending a Delete Request for an Entry 419

Summary 421

Chapter 9 Instant Messenger Application 423

Using the Collaborator Application Pattern 423

Instant Messenger Design 425

The Model 426

Building a Complementary Interface 429

The MessengerView Class 432

The SignInView Class 436

The ContactListView Class 439

The ChatWindowView Class 442

The Controller Overview 447

Using GWT-RPC 450

The RemoteService Interface 452

The RemoteServiceServlet Class 453

Using an Asynchronous Interface 454

Connecting to the Server 456

Adding RPC Events 458

xviii Preface

of making things look better with CSS, and you have a much better plat-

form for interface development.

I was really impressed when I saw Google Maps for the first time. The user

experience was perfect. I simply typed maps.google.com into my

browser and I was instantly provided with a fully functional map applica-

tion. I could drag the map around in different directions, traveling around

the world, zooming in and out without waiting for a page referesh. I had a

brief look at the technology needed to do this, specifically JavaScript, and

was disapointed. I knew there were limits to what you can build with Java-

Script. It would be nearly impossible to build large complex client-side

applications with it.

Then the Google Web Toolkit (GWT) was released, and I decided to try

writing an application using it. In only three weeks I had built the client

and server side for a poker application. I put it up at http://gpokr.com. You

could simply type the URL into your browser and be instantly presented

with a live poker game. No downloads, no installations, and the interface

could be styled nicely and easily with CSS. Scott Blum, Bruce Johnson, and

Joel Webber from the GWT team came by to do some “testing,” and I had

the opportunity to thank them for building an incredible tool. I marveled

at being able to write elegant Java code that could be transformed into Java-

Script by the GWT compiler. I was really impressed by how GWT so solidly

let anyone create applications that delivered great user experiences.

After GWT’s initial release, I found that its great abilities weren’t clear to

many and that it would take a book with several real examples to illustrate

this. I had never written a book before, and to write one on a technology

that was not my specialty didn’t seem quite right. But then again, nobody

specialized in GWT at this point. I believed enough in the technology to

give it a shot. To make up for my lack of experience and before writing any

of the chapters, I spent several months exclusively developing GWT appli-

cations to explore every part of GWT as well as every part of web technol-

ogy that GWT could touch. Part II of this book presents five of these

applications.

What Is This Book About?

This book is about writing nontrivial Ajax applications to create great user

experiences using web technologies and Java development tools, with

Preface xix

GWT bridging the two. The book focuses primarily on the Google Web

Toolkit, with an in-depth look at its library and tools. As a secondary focus,

it covers software development techniques and patterns using Java, and how

to apply Ajax application development with GWT. A terciary focus is on web

technologies, including web standards and other Ajax libraries and APIs.

Who Should Read This Book?

I’m a developer who wrote this book for other developers. Software devel-

opers who need to create user-facing applications should read this book.

Most of the code in the book is based on Java, but care is taken so that the

book is accessible to a beginner with the language. If you don’t know Java,

you should familiarize yourself with the language before starting this

book. Sun has great tutorials to get you started: http://java.sun.com/docs/

books/tutorial/java/index.html.

GWT is not just an Ajax tool for Java developers. I think this view severely

undercuts its true strength. Java developers will find using it easy; how-

ever, the technology is for any software developer who needs to build non-

trivial Ajax applications. You could be a .NET, PHP, Ruby, or C++ developer.

If you’re one of these developers you would need to learn another lan-

guage to build an Ajax application whether you use GWT or not. I recom-

mend that you learn Java—starting with the previously mentioned

tutorials from Sun, and GWT through this book and the GWT documenta-

tion at http://code.google.com/webtoolkit/documentation/—instead of

JavaScript. As a result, you will save a substantial amount of time debug-

ging and maintaining the application while creating a much better user

experience.

Organization of This Book

This book has two parts. Part I gives you an in-depth introduction to using

the Google Web Toolkit. You can use it as a reference for the GWT library or

as a guide to using effective development techniques with GWT. Part II

provides a thorough look at five nontrivial applications built with GWT. In

this part you’ll find development patterns, techniques, and subtleties used

through application design and development. Each application in this

part is designed to be a balance of GWT library usage, web service and

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