使用Xcode和Swift构建iOS应用入门

Xcode

iOS

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"Apress Beginning Xcode Swift Edition 2nd Edition 2015" 是一本专注于使用Xcode 6和Swift开发iOS应用的入门书籍。本书由Matthew Knott撰写，旨在帮助读者学习构建强大的iPhone和iPad应用程序。本书分为三个部分，首先介绍Xcode的基础知识，然后深入探讨更复杂的开发概念，最后讲解准备发布应用的相关步骤。在第一部分"Getting Acquainted"中，作者从第1章"Welcome to Xcode"开始，引导读者熟悉Xcode的界面和基本功能。第2章"Diving Right In"则让读者迅速投入实践，开始编写第一个Swift程序。第3章"Project Templates and Getting Around"介绍项目模板和工作区的导航，帮助开发者了解如何高效地组织项目。第4章"Building Interfaces"详细讲解了构建用户界面的方法。第5章"Getting Help and Code Completion"涵盖了Xcode的辅助功能，如代码补全和帮助系统，提升开发效率。第6章"Constraints"讨论了约束，这是在iOS应用中实现响应式设计的关键。第二部分"Diving Deeper"深入到更高级的主题。第7章"Storyboards"讲述了如何使用故事板来管理应用程序的流程。第8章"Table and Collection Views"关注表格和集合视图的使用，这两种视图是iOS应用中常见的数据展示方式。第9章"Frameworks, Libraries, and Targets"介绍了框架、库和目标的概念，以及如何在项目中整合这些资源。第三部分"Final Preparations and Releasing"关注的是发布前的准备工作。第10章"Advanced Editing"探讨了Xcode的高级编辑功能，如代码重构和代码质量检查。第11章"Debugging and Analysis"讲解调试技巧和性能分析工具，帮助开发者找出并修复问题。第12章"Version Control with Git"介绍了版本控制的重要性，并教授如何使用Git进行源代码管理。尽管没有给出完整的信息，但可以推测第13章可能涉及应用的测试、打包和发布流程。这本书是iOS开发者的宝贵资源，无论你是初学者还是有一定经验的开发者，都可以从中学习到使用Xcode 6和Swift构建iOS应用所需的知识和技能。通过跟随书中的指导，你可以逐步掌握创建专业级iOS应用的所有步骤。

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12 CHAPTER 1: Welcome to Xcode

You’re required to complete your professional profile by telling Apple any previous platforms

you’ve developed for along with your primary markets and experience with Apple’s platforms.

This information is used by Apple to get an idea of the spectrum of people who are signing up as

developers. Again, once you have completed this, click the Next button. Also, it’s important to note

that what you select when updating your professional profile doesn’t bind you to anything, and that

you’re able to develop and release applications to any of the App Store’s markets. Furthermore, you

can, if needed, make any amendments to your professional profile (and personal profile, for that

matter) after you’ve signed up, as shown in Figure 1-6.

Figure 1-6. Completing your developer professional profile

Finally, you reach the tiresome agreement that comes with many of Apple’s products; read it, click

to agree, and then continue with the process. To finish, all you need to do is verify that the e-mail

address supplied is valid; you do this by opening the e-mail sent to you by Apple and entering the

verification code contained within.

15CHAPTER 1: Welcome to Xcode

It’s useful to note that when you’re prompted to choose between an individual or company account,

if you’re planning to operate under a name other than your own, you have to register as an official

company (this is verified by Apple) and then acquire what’s called a Data Universal Numbering

System (DUNS) number that uniquely identifies your company; this takes around 7 days to process,

so plan ahead. If selling applications under your own name suffices, then go for the simpler option of

signing up as an individual; both accounts are essentially equal in terms of the resources you’re able

to access. This choice mainly determines the name with which you operate under on the App Store.

Don’t worry if you’re not ready to do this right now—it’s covered in detail later in the book when it

becomes essential if you’re planning to release applications on the App Store (free or paid) or want

to test your apps on an iOS device. Chapter 14 looks at using Provisioning Profiles and deployment

onto actual iOS devices as opposed to the virtual iOS Simulator, so you then need access to a paid

developer account.

Source Code

I strongly recommend that one of the first things you do is to go to the Apress web site for this

book and download the entire source code. Either search for the book at www.apress.com or go

directly to www.apress.com/9781430250043. When you get to the page for this book, scroll down

until you see the section of the web site with four tabs, the third of which is Source

Code/Downloads, as shown in Figure 1-9.

Figure 1-9. The source code download page for this book

Additional Resources

In addition to Apple’s own resources, an extensive amount of third-party resources are available if

you ever have a burning question or get stuck somewhere:

Forums: Forums are a great way to ask questions, learn from other people’s

questions, and help other people. In particular, Stack Overflow

(http://stackoverflow.com/) has been invaluable to the entire developer

spectrum for years and has a vibrant, active collection of iOS developers.

There are also the Apple developer forums, which are available to those

with a paid Apple developer account.

16 CHAPTER 1: Welcome to Xcode

Mailing lists: There’s a handy Xcode users mailing list that I’d recommend you

subscribe to and periodically check. Many other developers, including myself,

participate in answering questions relating to Xcode. You can subscribe at

https://lists.apple.com/mailman/listinfo/xcode-users.

Xcode Overview: Apple provides a handy user’s guide that’s always being updated

to accompany the latest release of Xcode, so it’s a good idea to refer to it when

there’s a new update or if you’d like to follow up on something. It’s available at

https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/ToolsLanguages/

Conceptual/Xcode_Overview. Similarly, it’s also handy to glance over the latest

release notes when Xcode is updated. These are available at https://developer.

apple.com/library/ios/releasenotes/DeveloperTools/RN-Xcode.

Search engines: It’s easy to underestimate the power of a simple Google search

(and it’s apparent many people on online forums don’t have access to them).

It can save you a lot of time, because someone, somewhere, at some point has

undoubtedly had the same question you do—all you need to do is find where they

asked it!

Videos: If you type “Xcode” into iTunes U search, you’ll find a couple of good

university courses that focus not only on Xcode but also on iOS development in

general. Similarly, type “Xcode” into YouTube search, and you’ll be amazed at

what you can learn from the short screencasts that have been uploaded.

Contact me: I am happy to field questions via email at matthewknott@me.com or via

my blog at www.mattknott.com.

Summary

In this chapter, you have:

Successfully downloaded and installed Xcode

Had a look around the iOS Dev Center and also looked at the resources 

provided by Apple to aid developers

Signed up and registered as an Apple developer and become aware of the 

option of signing up for a paid developer account

Chapter 2 explains how to create your first project and helps you become more familiar with Xcode’s

interface and basic concepts.

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