深入理解ASP.NET MVC 4框架

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"ASP.NET MVC 4 Framework - January 2013" 《ASP.NET MVC 4 Framework》是Adam Freeman在2013年1月出版的一本专业书籍，该书详细介绍了ASP.NET MVC 4这一框架的核心概念和技术。ASP.NET MVC（Model-View-Controller）是一种用于构建可维护和可扩展的Web应用程序的开源框架，由微软开发并支持。MVC 4版本在原有的基础上进行了升级和优化，以适应快速发展的Web开发需求。在ASP.NET MVC 4中，核心知识点包括： 1. **Model（模型）**：模型是应用程序的业务逻辑部分，它处理数据并确保数据的完整性和一致性。开发者可以使用Entity Framework等ORM工具来管理数据库操作。 2. **View（视图）**：视图是用户看到和与之交互的界面。在ASP.NET MVC中，视图通常由Razor视图引擎创建，它允许开发者用C#语法嵌入HTML代码，从而实现动态页面渲染。 3. **Controller（控制器）**：控制器接收来自用户的请求，处理这些请求，然后将数据传递给视图进行展示。控制器是连接模型和视图的桥梁，负责业务逻辑的流转。 4. **路由（Routing）**：ASP.NET MVC 4中的路由系统允许开发者自定义URL模式，使得URL更加友好且易于理解。路由规则定义了请求如何被映射到特定的控制器和动作。 5. ** Areas（区域）**：当应用变得庞大时，可以使用Areas功能将相关功能组织成独立的模块，每个Area都可以看作是一个小型的MVC应用，增强了项目的可管理性。 6. **AJAX支持**：ASP.NET MVC 4增强了对异步JavaScript和XML的支持，允许开发者创建部分页面更新的应用，提升用户体验。 7. **移动设备支持**：MVC 4引入了对移动设备的优化，通过自动检测用户代理，可以为不同类型的设备提供适配的视图，实现了响应式设计。 8. **Web API**：ASP.NET Web API是MVC 4的一部分，它提供了一种创建RESTful服务的方式，允许客户端通过HTTP协议访问和操作服务器端的数据。 9. **Bundling and Minification**：此特性允许开发者将多个CSS和JavaScript文件打包和压缩，以减少网络请求，提高页面加载速度。 10. **NuGet包管理器**：ASP.NET MVC 4集成了NuGet，使得开发者可以方便地安装、更新和管理项目依赖的库。这本书籍《Pro ASP.NET MVC 4》深入浅出地讲解了这些知识点，并提供了丰富的实例，旨在帮助开发者熟练掌握ASP.NET MVC 4框架，以便构建高效、现代化的Web应用程序。通过阅读此书，读者不仅可以了解ASP.NET MVC 4的基础，还能学习到最佳实践和高级技巧，提升Web开发技能。

CONTENTS ■

xvii

Creating the Example Project ................................................................................. 511

Creating Custom Helper Methods ........................................................................... 513

Creating an Inline Helper Method .................................................................................. 513

Creating an External Helper Method .............................................................................. 515

Managing String Encoding in a Helper Method ............................................................. 518

Using the Built-In Form Helper Methods ................................................................ 523

Creating Form Elements ................................................................................................ 523

Specifying the Route Used by a Form ............................................................................ 530

Using Input Helpers ........................................................................................................ 532

Creating Select Elements ............................................................................................... 537

Summary ................................................................................................................ 539

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Chapter 20: Templated Helper Methods ................................................................. 541

Reviewing the Example Project .............................................................................. 541

Using Templated Helper Methods ........................................................................... 543

Generating Label and Display Elements ........................................................................ 547

Using Whole-Model Template Helpers ........................................................................... 550

Using Model Metadata ............................................................................................ 552

Using Metadata to Control Editing and Visibility ............................................................ 553

Using Metadata for Labels ............................................................................................. 555

Using Metadata for Data Values .................................................................................... 557

Using Metadata to Select a Display Template ............................................................... 559

Applying Metadata to a Buddy Class ............................................................................. 561

Working with Complex Type Properties ......................................................................... 562

Customizing the Templated View Helper System ................................................... 564

Creating a Custom Editor Template ............................................................................... 564

Creating a Generic Template ......................................................................................... 565

Replacing the Built-in Templates ................................................................................... 566

Summary ................................................................................................................ 567

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Chapter 21: URL and Ajax Helper Methods ............................................................. 569

Reviewing and Preparing the Example Project ...................................................... 569

Creating Basic Links and URLs ............................................................................... 571

Using MVC Unobtrusive Ajax .................................................................................. 573

Creating the Synchronous Form View ............................................................................ 574

Preparing the Project for Unobtrusive Ajax .................................................................... 575

■ CONTENTS

xviii

Creating an Unobtrusive Ajax Form ........................................................................ 577

Preparing the Controller ................................................................................................. 577

Creating the Ajax Form .................................................................................................. 578

Understanding How Unobtrusive Ajax Works ................................................................ 580

Setting Ajax Options ............................................................................................... 581

Ensuring Graceful Degradation ...................................................................................... 581

Providing the User with Feedback While Making an Ajax Request ................................ 583

Prompting the User Before Making a Request ............................................................... 584

Creating Ajax Links ................................................................................................ 585

Ensuring Graceful Degradation for Links ....................................................................... 587

Working with Ajax Callbacks .................................................................................. 587

Working with JSON ................................................................................................. 590

Adding JSON Support to the Controller .......................................................................... 590

Processing JSON in the Browser ................................................................................... 591

Preparing Data for Encoding .......................................................................................... 593

Detecting Ajax Requests in the Action Method .............................................................. 595

Summary ................................................................................................................ 598

■

Chapter 22: Model Binding ..................................................................................... 599

Preparing the Example Project ............................................................................... 599

Understanding Model Binding ................................................................................ 601

Using the Default Model Binder .............................................................................. 603

Binding to Simple Types ................................................................................................ 603

Binding to Complex Types ............................................................................................. 607

Binding to Arrays and Collections .................................................................................. 614

Manually Invoking Model Binding .......................................................................... 619

Dealing with Binding Errors ........................................................................................... 621

Customizing the Model Binding System ................................................................. 621

Creating a Custom Value Provider ................................................................................. 622

Creating a Custom Model Binder ................................................................................... 625

Registering the Custom Model Binder ........................................................................... 627

Summary ................................................................................................................ 628

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Chapter 23: Model Validation ................................................................................. 629

Creating the Example Project ................................................................................. 629

Explicitly Validating a Model .................................................................................. 631

CONTENTS ■

xix

Displaying Validation Errors to the User ........................................................................ 633

Displaying Validation Messages ............................................................................. 634

Displaying Property-Level Validation Messages ............................................................ 638

Using Alternative Validation Techniques ................................................................ 639

Performing Validation in the Model Binder .................................................................... 639

Specifying Validation Rules Using Metadata ................................................................. 641

Defining Self-Validating Models .................................................................................... 647

Performing Client-Side Validation .......................................................................... 649

Enabling and Disabling Client-Side Validation ............................................................... 649

Using Client-Side Validation .......................................................................................... 650

Understanding How Client-Side Validation Works ......................................................... 652

Performing Remote Validation ............................................................................... 653

Summary ................................................................................................................ 656

■

Chapter 24: Bundles and Display Modes ................................................................ 657

Understanding the Default Script Libraries ............................................................ 657

Preparing the Example Application ........................................................................ 659

Managing Scripts and Style Sheets ........................................................................ 662

Profiling Script and Style Sheet Loading ....................................................................... 662

Using Script and Style Bundles .............................................................................. 664

Applying Bundles ........................................................................................................... 667

Using the Scripts Section ............................................................................................... 669

Profiling the Changes ..................................................................................................... 670

Targeting Mobile Devices ....................................................................................... 673

Taking Stock of the Application ..................................................................................... 673

Using Mobile Specific Layouts and Views ..................................................................... 674

Creating Custom Display Modes .................................................................................... 676

Summary ................................................................................................................ 678

■

Chapter 25: Web API ............................................................................................... 679

Understanding the Web API .................................................................................... 679

Creating the Web API Application ........................................................................... 680

Creating the Model and Repository ................................................................................ 680

Creating the Home Controller ........................................................................................ 682

Creating the View and the CSS ...................................................................................... 683

Creating the API Controller ..................................................................................... 685

■ CONTENTS

Testing the API Controller .............................................................................................. 687

Understanding How the API Controller Works ........................................................ 689

Understanding API Controller Action Selection .............................................................. 689

Mapping HTTP Methods to Action Methods ................................................................... 690

Writing the JavaScript Code to Use the Web API .................................................... 691

Creating the Basic Functionality .................................................................................... 692

Adding Support for Editing New Reservations ............................................................... 694

Adding Support for Deleting Reservations ..................................................................... 696

Adding Support for Creating Reservations ..................................................................... 697

Summary ................................................................................................................ 698

■

Chapter 26: Deployment ......................................................................................... 699

Preparing an Application for Deployment .............................................................. 700

Detecting View Errors .................................................................................................... 700

Disabling Debug Mode ................................................................................................... 702

Removing Unused Connection Strings ........................................................................... 703

Preparing Windows Azure ...................................................................................... 704

Creating the Web Site and Database ............................................................................. 705

Preparing the Database for Remote Administration ...................................................... 707

Creating the Schema ..................................................................................................... 708

Deploying the Application ...................................................................................... 710

Summary ................................................................................................................ 716

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Index ....................................................................................................................... 717

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