Computer Engineering a nd Applications 计算机工程与应用
2018,54(24)
1 引言
网购的冲击下,零售市场竞争已成白热化,产品利
润不断压缩,零售企业纷纷意识到,想要在竞争激烈的
市场中获得立足之地,除了产品不断创新,质量不断提
升外,提高物流运作效率势在必行。因此,通过供应链
集成化管理,将供应商、配送中心和零售商有效整合,形
成相互协调的有机整体,协调物流活动达到效益最大
化,其表现为库存管理和物流配送
[1]
。对于降低物流成
本,创新、高效的配送模式成了零售企业提高竞争力的
必然选择。
越库配送(Cross-Docking)作为创新、高效的配送策
略在国外已见成效,在降低运输成本、减少库存及配送
时间方面有着显著优势。零售企业沃尔玛较早运用该
模式,提高了市场份额
[2- 3]
。当供应链中实施越库配送
供应链环境下带越库配送的车辆路径问题
葛显龙
1,2
,邹登波
1
GE Xianlong
1,2
, ZOU Dengbo
1
1. 重庆交通大学 经济与管理学院,重庆 400074
2. 智能物流网络重点实验室,重庆 400074
1.S chool of Economics and Management, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 4 00074, China
2.Key Labo rator y of Intellig ent Logistics Network, Chong qing 400074, China
GE Xianlong, ZOU Dengbo. Vehicle routing problem with cross-docking ba sed on su pply chain. Co mputer Engi-
neering and Applicat ions, 2018, 54(24):252-259.
Ab stract:Integrating the vertical supply chain of retail industry, the collaborative d istribution network among the su pplier,
retailer and distribution center ar e taken into account, this paper studies the vehicle routing problem with cross-docking.
Based on the analysis of operating guidelines and implementing requi rements of cross-docking, the point is set in time for
the simultaneous arrival, dis tribution process is divided int o th e pickup, sor ting and deliv ery operations, the study also
m odel s the vehicle routing problem with cross-docking as a mixed-integer linear program that minimiz es the total cost
(vehicle fixed cost and transportation cost). Considering the complexity of the mode l, the study designs the improved
genetic algorithm. Finally, the s imulation results verify the feasibility of the model and the effectiveness of the algorithm.
The results show that th e patt ern ca n effectively serve t he timely su pply of urban retail stores, i n terms of th e deli very
tim e and transportation cost have some signi ficant ad vantages.
Key words:cross-docking; vehic le routing pr oblem; supply chain environment; pickup and delivery
摘 要:从零售业纵向供应链整合入手,考虑供应商、零售商和配送中心构成的协同配送网络,研究带越库配送的车
辆路径问题。分析越库配送实施要求和操作准则,设置协同到达作业时间,将配送过程分为集货、分拣和送货三个
阶段,建立最小化车辆运输成本和固定成本为目标的越库配送路径优化模型。考虑模型的复杂性,设计改进遗传算
法进行求解。最后由仿真实例验证模型可行性和算法有效性。结果表明,越库配送模式能有效服务城市区域零售
门店的及时供货情况,在配送时间和运输成本方面有着显著优势。
关键词:越库配送 ;车辆路径问题;供应链环境;集送一体化
文献标志码:A 中图分类号:F252.5 doi:10.3778/j.issn.1002-8331.1709-0043
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(No.71502021);教育部人文社会科学基金(No.2014YJC630038,No.2015XJC6300 07);博士后科学
基金(No.20 16T90862);重庆市基础与前沿研究(No.cstc2016jcyjA0160)。
作者简介:葛显龙(1984—),男,博士,副教授,研究方向:网络配送与路径优化,E-mail:gexianlong@cqj tu.edu.cn;邹登波(1992—),
男,硕士研究生,研究方向:城市物流配送。
收稿日期:2017-09-04 修回日期:2017-10-24 文章编号:1002-8331(2018)24-0252-08
CN KI 网络出版:2018-03-22, http: //kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2127.TP.20180322.1504.018.html
252