MATLAB入门指南：工程师与科学家的必备工具（第3版）

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"《Essential MATLAB for Engineers and Scientists》第三版是一本由Brian Hahn和Dan Valentine合著的重要指南，专为工程师和科学家设计，旨在将MATLAB作为解决问题的核心工具。本书是MATLAB编程的入门佳作，不仅适合初学者系统学习MATLAB的基础，还包含了丰富的科学和工程实例，使复杂概念易于理解。作者以其清晰、易懂的风格讲解，引导读者逐步掌握MATLAB编程技巧。新版本在保留基础教学的同时，增添了关于算法开发和程序设计的新章节，这为用户提供了一个结构化的解决问题方法，以及如何将MATLAB作为编程语言有效运用的深入指导。书中精心设计的练习题帮助读者巩固所学，使其在实际项目中能够得心应手。评审者们对本书赞誉有加，Carl H. Sondergeld教授，来自俄克拉荷马大学石油地质工程梅沃恩学校，认为这本书提供了对MATLAB编程的出色入门，并且激发了更高级话题的兴趣。他强调，该书在环境科学研究生课程中的适用性得益于其内容的平衡和实用性。 Gary Ford教授，加州大学戴维斯分校电气与计算机工程系的教师，长期寻找一本满足环境科学方法课程需求的MATLAB教材，最终选择了《Essential MATLAB for Engineers and Scientists》，因其全面覆盖了MATLAB的基础知识，同时兼顾了环境科学领域的应用。《Essential MATLAB for Engineers and Scientists》第三版是任何希望在MATLAB环境中提升问题解决能力的专业人士的理想选择，无论是初次接触MATLAB，还是希望深化理解和应用的用户，都能从中获益匪浅。"

Prelims-H8417 6/1/2007 15: 53 page xv

In memory of Brian Hahn 1946–2005

Daniel T. Valentine and the staff at Butterworth-Heinemann, Elsevier would like to dedicate

this book to the memory of Brian Hahn, who wrote the ﬁrst edition in 1997 while he was an

Associate Professor in the Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, Univer-

sity of Cape Town, South Africa. Brian’s academic career began after a PhD in Theoretical

Physics obtained from Cambridge. His ﬁrst post as Lecturer was at the University of the

Witwaterstrand, Johannesburg. He was promoted to Senior Lecturer in 1979. He joined the

University of Cape Town in the same year and was appointed Associate Professor in Applied

Mathematics in 1991. Brian served as Head of Department for ﬁve years. He was a loved

and respected teacher whose expertise in modeling and computing translated so well into

the ﬁrst year Applied Mathematics courses. He was the author of more than ten books on

programming languages. We trust that the third edition of this book will continue to help

students understand and exploit the full power of MATLAB both as a mathematical tool and

as a programming language.

Prelims-H8417 6/1/2007 15: 53 page xvii

Preface to the

third edition

The main purpose in planning a third edition of this book was to upgrade it to

cover the latest version of MATLAB (Version 7.2 Release 2006a).

The other purpose was to maintain the objectives of the late Brian D. Hahn as

stated in the prefaces of the ﬁrst and second edition. In his prefaces to the

ﬁrst and second edition, he pointed out the following:

This book presents the MATLAB computer programming system as a problem-

solving tool for scientists and engineers who have no prior knowledge of computer

programming. It is based on a teach-yourself approach; readers are frequently

invited to experiment for themselves in order to discover how particular constructs

work. The text was originally written as a companion to a hands-on course at the

University of Cape Town. Most of the students taking the course had little or no

computing experience and came from disadvantaged backgrounds. Consequently

the book assumes that readers have no knowledge of computing, unlike most

similar books on MATLAB.

MATLAB is based on the mathematical concept of a matrix. Again, unlike most

comparable books, this text does not assume any knowledge of matrices on the

part of the reader; in fact the concept is developed gradually, as the context

requires it. Since the book is written primarily for scientists and engineers, some

of the examples of necessity involve some ﬁrst-year university mathematics, par-

ticularly in the last chapter. However, these examples are self-contained, and

omitting them will not detract from the development of your programming skills.

MATLAB can be used in two distinct modes. In keeping with the present age’s

craving for instant gratiﬁcation, it offers immediate execution of statements, or

even groups of statements, in the Command Window. For the more patient, it

also offers conventional programming by means of script ﬁles. This book makes

good use of both modes. On the one hand, it encourages the use of cut-and-

paste techniques to take full advantage of the interactive Windows environment,

Prelims-H8417 6/1/2007 15: 53 page xviii

Preface

while on the other hand also stressing programming principles and algorithm

development, with the help of structure plans.

Although most of MATLAB’s basic features are covered, the book is neither an

exhaustive nor systematic reference manual, since this would not be in keeping

with its informal style. Constructs, such as for and if, are not therefore always

introduced in their most general form initially, as is common in many texts, but

rather more gradually in the most natural places throughout the book. On the

other hand, many texts present these constructs somewhat superﬁcially; this

book attempts to discuss them thoroughly. For the curious, there are helpful

syntax and function quick references in the appendices.

MATLAB by its nature lends itself to a number of pitfalls for the unwary beginner.

The text warns the user of these wherever possible.

The fundamentals of MATLAB are motivated throughout with many examples, from

a number of different scientiﬁc and engineering areas, such as simulation, popu-

lation modeling, and numerical methods, as well as from business and everyday

life. Beginners, as well as experienced programmers wishing to learn MATLAB as

an additional language, will therefore ﬁnd plenty of interest in the book.

Emphasis is also placed on programming style throughout the book—writing clear

and readable code.

Each chapter concludes with a summary of the MATLAB features introduced in

the chapter.

There is a large collection of exercises at the end of each chapter, gleaned from

the author’s many years’ experience of running hands-on programming courses

for beginners and professionals alike, in BASIC, Pascal, C, C++ and MATLAB.

Complete solutions to many of the exercises appear in an appendix.

There is a comprehensive and instructive index.

For the second edition, in working my way through Version 6, I found so many

interesting new features (for example, GUIs) that I was unable to resist incorpo-

rating most of them into the text. Consequently I decided to split the book into

two parts. Part I contains what I consider to be the real essentials; Part II has

everything else.

In this edition I have attempted to retain the style and approach of the ﬁrst

edition: informal, aimed at beginners, and with plenty of examples from science

and engineering. Several of the chapters from the previous editions, which

xviii

Prelims-H8417 6/1/2007 15: 53 page xix

Preface

feature the essential elements of MATLAB, have been brought together to form

Part 1. In addition, I have added two new chapters. These are Chapters 3

and 14.

Chapter 3 describes a structured step-by-step method to achieve top-down

design and algorithm development. The steps in the design process are applied

in several examples. The intention is to get students thinking about how they

need to formulate a problem to successfully utilize MATLAB. Chapter 14 on

Dynamical Systems provides straightforward applications of the tools described

and examined in the ﬁrst 10 chapters. The problems solve are on relatively sim-

ple dynamical systems of engineering and scientiﬁc interest. Since this book

is an introductory course on MATLAB, a tool for technical computing, the exam-

ples are mathematical formulations of problems from ﬁrst courses in science

and engineering. The purpose of the text is to provide instruction on how to

solve the mathematical problems needed to gain insight into science and engi-

neering. Thus, these eleven chapters (skipping over the sections marked with

an asterisk) are sufﬁcient for a ﬁrst course in MATLAB. (For the computer and

programming-calculator wise students, the chapters on more advanced topics

should help them get into the application of MATLAB to solve the more complex

problems confronted in upper division courses at university and, subsequently,

on the job.)

This book can be used as a course textbook or for student self-study. For the

latter, it is a useful supplemental text for any course in science and engineering.

The instructor, of course, provides the necessary encouragement, enthusiasm

and guidance to help the student begin to learn the power of MATLAB to solve

numerous problems that engineers and scientists formulate in terms of math-

ematics and, hence, help the student begin to master MATLAB. The book is

written as a sequence of exercises, and the reader would beneﬁt from doing

the exercises within the text as well as doing some of the exercises at the end

of the chapters.

To the student: I recommend that you read the text while you are at your com-

puter so that you can do the exercises with MATLAB. It will be useful and fun for

you to go through the exercises with the purpose of discovering how MATLAB

does what it is commanded by you to do. You learn how to use a tool like MAT-

LAB through hands-on experience. This, of course, is a good thing because it is

quite pleasurable to learn by doing and, hence, discover how to use MATLAB to

enhance your learning of engineering and science by tapping the wealth of capa-

bility at your disposal in MATLAB. You will discover immediately that computer

tools produce correct answers only when commands and input data are accu-

rate and correct (no typographical errors are tolerated). ‘Debugging’—ﬁnding

the errors in your typed command lines—is a big part of the game that is played

xix

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