多头超宽带天线设计：新型E型 stub结构

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"一种新颖的多头超宽带天线——研究论文" 本文提出了一种创新的多头超宽带平面单极天线设计。该天线的辐射单元由一对背靠背的E形类似 stub 元件构成。E形类似 stub 元件是E形 stub 元件的扩展，在E形 stub 元件的背面增加了两个半圆形元素，并通过一个倒置的L形元素以及一个"悬挂锤"元素延伸了E形 stub 元件的顶部。在矩形地面上刻蚀的两个半圆形槽使得地平面具有两个台阶状结构，从而实现了超宽带性能。该天线被印刷在介电常数为4.6的基板上。实验结果显示，该天线的带宽为3.2GHz至18.7GHz，S11参数小于-10dB，表明其具有良好的反射系数和宽频响应。关键词包括：天线、多stub、超宽带、单极天线。 I. 引言自联邦通信委员会（Federal Communication Commission, FCC）放宽了对超宽带（Ultra-Wideband, UWB）技术的使用限制以来，超宽带天线的研究与开发得到了广泛的关注。UWB技术因其低功率消耗、高时间分辨率和抗干扰能力而被广泛应用于无线通信、雷达探测、室内定位等多个领域。传统的超宽带天线设计通常依赖于简单的几何形状，如倒F型或贴片天线，但这些设计往往难以实现极宽的频率覆盖和优化的辐射特性。本文所提出的多头超宽带天线设计，通过增加多个stub元件，旨在提高天线的带宽和频率选择性。Stub元件在天线设计中起到调谐和阻抗匹配的作用，可以有效地拓宽天线的工作频率范围。同时，这种独特的"悬挂锤"设计可能有助于改善天线的方向性和增益性能，使得天线在不同频段内保持稳定和高效的辐射。 II. 天线设计与原理天线的设计主要包括辐射单元和地平面两部分。辐射单元的E形类似 stub 元件利用了E形结构的特性，通过改变 stub 的长度和形状可以调整谐振频率。背面的半圆形元素和倒置L形元素进一步增强了天线的频率响应，确保在超宽带范围内工作。地平面的两个台阶状结构则有助于改善天线的电流分布和阻抗特性，实现更宽的带宽。 III. 实验与结果在实际制造并测试该天线后，测量数据证实了设计的有效性。S11参数是衡量天线反射性能的关键指标，小于-10dB的S11值意味着大部分能量被有效地传输到天线上，而不是反射回源。3.2GHz至18.7GHz的带宽远超过大多数UWB应用所需的最低标准，表明这种天线具有优异的超宽带性能。 IV. 结论该篇研究论文介绍的多头超宽带天线设计提供了一种新的思路，通过创新的stub元素组合和地平面结构，成功地实现了超宽的工作带宽。这种设计不仅适用于常规的无线通信系统，还可能在需要更宽频率覆盖和高性能的UWB应用中发挥重要作用。未来的研究可能聚焦于优化此设计以满足特定应用的需求，例如提高天线的增益或降低其尺寸，以便于集成到各种移动设备中。关键词：天线设计、超宽带通信、阻抗匹配、辐射性能、 Stub 元件、天线带宽

A Novel Multiple-Stub Ultra-Wide Band

Antenna

Yanni Cui, Qiong Zhou, Xiupu Zhang, Dongya Shen, Yanghao Zhou

Yunnan Eng. Lab. on Cloud Wireless Access & Heterogeneous Network

Yunnan University

Kunming, China. 650500

shendy@ynu.edu.cn, 1048219132@qq.com

Abstract—This paper proposes a novel multi-stub ultra-wide

band planar monopole antenna. The radiation patch of the

antenna is composed of a pair of back-to-back E-shape-like stub

elements. The E-shape-like stub element is the extension of the E-

shape stub element, adding two semi-circle elements at the back

of the E-shape stub element and extending the top of the E-shape

stub element with an inverted L-shape element with a

“suspending hammer” element. Two semi-circle slots etched on

the rectangular ground which is extended make the ground with

two step-like structures to realize ultra-wideband. The antenna is

printed on a substrate of the dielectric constant 4.6. The

experiment results show that the bandwidth of the antenna is

3.2GHz-18.7GHz for S11 of less than -10dB.

Keywords—antenna; multi-stub; ultra

wide band; monopole

I. I

NTRODUCTION

Since the Federal Communication Commission allocated

the frequency band 3.1GHz–10.6GHz for commercial ultra-

wide band (UWB) systems, considerable research efforts have

been put into UWB radio technology in industry and academia.

As a key component of UWB system, the development of

UWB antennas with broadband impedance matching, stable

radiation patterns, compact size, and low manufacturing costs

has attracted much attention in recent years. Numerous

compact UWB antennas covering 3.1GHz-10.6GHz have been

proposed. The researches have focused on miniaturizing the

size of UWB antennas. Different shapes of the UWB antennas

have been proposed, such as rectangular, circular, hexagonal,

octagonal, oval etc. [1-5]. An antenna of a circular patch

combining three rectangular elements was presented in [6],

which has a small profile and a good omnidirectional pattern

performance, but the bandwidth of the antenna is not wide

enough.

Compared with the structure of traditional antenna like

circular disc monopole, the fractal structure is a simpler and

more efficient way to expand the bandwidth and reduce the

dimension of antennas, and it is also an effective method to

achieve the UWB, including Sierpinski fractal antennas,

Minkowski fractal antennas, Gasket fractal antennas, and Koch

fractal antennas etc. [7-12].

To extend the bandwidth of antennas, some matching

methods were proposed. Reference [13] used ground slots to

achieve matching. In [14], the antenna changed the width of the

microstrip line to achieve matching. In [15] some matching

elements are added near the microstrip feed line of the antenna

to achieve the UWB performance. Some antennas get well

matching by using the extending ground [16-19], digging tanks

(circular, rectangular and so on) in ground [20-21]. The above

matching methods are complex.

Generally, the stub antennas are considered as narrow band

antennas for their difficult matching of the wide band. In this

paper, a novel multi-stub ultra-wideband planar monopole

antenna is proposed. The radiation patch of the antenna is

improved based on a pair of back-to-back symmetric E-shape

stub element. An inverted L-shape element is added to the top

of the antenna. This paper etches two semi-circle slots on the

ground of the antenna and extends the ground with a step-like

structure at both ends of the ground. Microstrip feeder of the

antenna uses an oval structure.

II.

THE

NTENNA

’

EOMETRY

ERFORMANCE

A. the Antenna’s Geometry

This paper proposes a novel multi-stub ultra-wideband

planar monopole antenna, the dimension of which is shown in

Fig.1. The radiation patch of the antenna consists of two back-

to-back E-shape-like stub elements. Each E-shape-like stub

element evolves from an E-shape stub element, by adding a

semi-circle element at the E-shape stub element’s back near the

feeding part and extending the top part of the E-shape stub

element with a loading, named “suspending hammer” which

consists an inverted L-shape element.

The ground of the antenna is at the bottom of the other side

of the substrate. The ground is a V-shape ground which is

formed by etching two semi-circle slots symmetric to the

center line on the rectangular ground and adding the step-like

structures on the rectangular ground. The V-shape ground

makes the antenna match well.

An oval-shape microstrip line is connected to the end of the

rectangular feedline to extend the bandwidth of the antenna.

2017 International Workshop on Antenna Technology: Small Antennas, Innovative Structures, and Applications (iWAT)

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