Oracle Spatial 12c Release 1开发指南：全面的空间数据索引与应用开发

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Oracle Spatial and Graph Developer's Guide (12c Release 1, 12.1) 是一份全面的手册，专为Oracle数据库中的空间数据管理和图形应用程序开发提供详细的使用和参考信息。该文档涵盖了如何对空间数据进行索引和存储，以及如何利用Oracle Spatial、Oracle Locator等工具进行高级操作。在这个文档中，作者Chuck Murray以及其他贡献者如Dan Abugov、Nicole Alexander等人，共同确保了内容的准确性和实用性。内容包括但不限于： 1. **空间数据处理**：介绍了如何在Oracle数据库环境中有效地处理地理空间数据，如点、线、多边形等几何对象，以及它们之间的关系和操作，如查询、分析、聚合等。 2. **索引技术**：详细讲解了如何创建和管理空间索引（如R-tree、GiST等），以优化空间数据的查询性能，提高查询响应速度。 3. **Oracle Spatial数据类型和函数**：涵盖了各种空间数据类型（如SDO_GEOMETRY、SDO_POINT_TYPE等）及其相关函数的使用，如创建、操作和转换几何对象。 4. **Oracle Locator**：作为Oracle Spatial的一部分，这部分文档展示了如何利用Locator服务进行地址查找、路线规划等功能，结合地理编码和反编码技术。 5. **应用程序开发**：提供了开发空间应用程序的最佳实践，包括使用Oracle Spatial API（如PL/SQL中的SDO_*</*>包）和开发工具（如Oracle SQL Developer或JDBC驱动）的指导。 6. **版权和许可**：强调了软件使用和分发的限制，以及关于反向工程、拆解和重新编译软件的规定，表明此文档受知识产权保护。 7. **法律和合规性**：文档中提及的法律条款可能涉及到使用许可证协议的要求和法律规定，确保用户在使用时遵循相应条款。 Oracle Spatial and Graph Developer's Guide, 12c Release 1是任何希望在Oracle数据库中充分利用空间数据功能的专业开发者的宝贵资源，它为开发者提供了丰富的指南，帮助他们构建高效、精确的空间应用程序。

24.17 SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_LENGTH.............................................................................. 24-26

24.18 SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_START_MEASURE ............................................................ 24-27

24.19 SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_START_PT ........................................................................... 24-28

24.20 SDO_LRS.GET_MEASURE ..................................................................................................... 24-29

24.21 SDO_LRS.GET_NEXT_SHAPE_PT........................................................................................ 24-30

24.22 SDO_LRS.GET_NEXT_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE.................................................................. 24-31

24.23 SDO_LRS.GET_PREV_SHAPE_PT ........................................................................................ 24-33

24.24 SDO_LRS.GET_PREV_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE .................................................................. 24-34

24.25 SDO_LRS.IS_GEOM_SEGMENT_DEFINED ....................................................................... 24-36

24.26 SDO_LRS.IS_MEASURE_DECREASING ............................................................................. 24-37

24.27 SDO_LRS.IS_MEASURE_INCREASING .............................................................................. 24-38

24.28 SDO_LRS.IS_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE ................................................................................... 24-39

24.29 SDO_LRS.LOCATE_PT ........................................................................................................... 24-40

24.30 SDO_LRS.LRS_INTERSECTION............................................................................................ 24-41

24.31 SDO_LRS.MEASURE_RANGE .............................................................................................. 24-43

24.32 SDO_LRS.MEASURE_TO_PERCENTAGE .......................................................................... 24-44

24.33 SDO_LRS.OFFSET_GEOM_SEGMENT ................................................................................ 24-45

24.34 SDO_LRS.PERCENTAGE_TO_MEASURE .......................................................................... 24-47

24.35 SDO_LRS.PROJECT_PT........................................................................................................... 24-48

24.36 SDO_LRS.REDEFINE_GEOM_SEGMENT........................................................................... 24-50

24.37 SDO_LRS.RESET_MEASURE................................................................................................. 24-52

24.38 SDO_LRS.REVERSE_GEOMETRY ........................................................................................ 24-53

24.39 SDO_LRS.REVERSE_MEASURE ........................................................................................... 24-55

24.40 SDO_LRS.SCALE_GEOM_SEGMENT.................................................................................. 24-56

24.41 SDO_LRS.SET_PT_MEASURE ............................................................................................... 24-58

24.42 SDO_LRS.SPLIT_GEOM_SEGMENT.................................................................................... 24-60

24.43 SDO_LRS.TRANSLATE_MEASURE..................................................................................... 24-62

24.44 SDO_LRS.VALID_GEOM_SEGMENT.................................................................................. 24-63

24.45 SDO_LRS.VALID_LRS_PT...................................................................................................... 24-64

24.46 SDO_LRS.VALID_MEASURE ................................................................................................ 24-65

24.47 SDO_LRS.VALIDATE_LRS_GEOMETRY............................................................................ 24-66

25 SDO_MIGRATE Package (Upgrading)

25.1 SDO_MIGRATE.TO_CURRENT................................................................................................ 25-1

26 SDO_OLS Package (OpenLS)

26.1 SDO_OLS.MakeOpenLSClobRequest ....................................................................................... 26-1

26.2 SDO_OLS.MakeOpenLSRequest................................................................................................ 26-2

27 SDO_PC_PKG Package (Point Clouds)

27.1 SDO_PC_PKG.CLIP_PC .............................................................................................................. 27-1

27.2 SDO_PC_PKG.CLIP_PC_FLAT.................................................................................................. 27-3

27.3 SDO_PC_PKG.CREATE_CONTOUR_GEOMETRIES............................................................ 27-6

xvi

27.4 SDO_PC_PKG.CREATE_PC ....................................................................................................... 27-7

27.5 SDO_PC_PKG.DROP_DEPENDENCIES.................................................................................. 27-9

27.6 SDO_PC_PKG.GET_PT_IDS....................................................................................................... 27-9

27.7 SDO_PC_PKG.INIT.................................................................................................................... 27-10

27.8 SDO_PC_PKG.TO_GEOMETRY .............................................................................................. 27-13

28 SDO_SAM Package (Spatial Analysis and Mining)

28.1 SDO_SAM.AGGREGATES_FOR_GEOMETRY....................................................................... 28-2

28.2 SDO_SAM.AGGREGATES_FOR_LAYER ................................................................................ 28-4

28.3 SDO_SAM.BIN_GEOMETRY ..................................................................................................... 28-5

28.4 SDO_SAM.BIN_LAYER............................................................................................................... 28-6

28.5 SDO_SAM.COLOCATED_REFERENCE_FEATURES ........................................................... 28-7

28.6 SDO_SAM.SIMPLIFY_GEOMETRY.......................................................................................... 28-9

28.7 SDO_SAM.SIMPLIFY_LAYER ................................................................................................. 28-10

28.8 SDO_SAM.SPATIAL_CLUSTERS............................................................................................ 28-11

28.9 SDO_SAM.TILED_AGGREGATES.......................................................................................... 28-12

28.10 SDO_SAM.TILED_BINS.......................................................................................................... 28-14

29 SDO_TIN_PKG Package (TINs)

29.1 SDO_TIN_PKG.CLIP_TIN .......................................................................................................... 29-1

29.2 SDO_TIN_PKG.CREATE_TIN ................................................................................................... 29-3

29.3 SDO_TIN_PKG.DROP_DEPENDENCIES................................................................................ 29-4

29.4 SDO_TIN_PKG.INIT.................................................................................................................... 29-5

29.5 SDO_TIN_PKG.PROJECT_ORDINATES_ONTO_TIN .......................................................... 29-8

29.6 SDO_TIN_PKG.TO_DEM............................................................................................................ 29-9

29.7 SDO_TIN_PKG.TO_GEOMETRY ............................................................................................ 29-10

30 SDO_TUNE Package (Tuning)

30.1 SDO_TUNE.AVERAGE_MBR.................................................................................................... 30-1

30.2 SDO_TUNE.ESTIMATE_RTREE_INDEX_SIZE ...................................................................... 30-2

30.3 SDO_TUNE.EXTENT_OF ........................................................................................................... 30-4

30.4 SDO_TUNE.MIX_INFO............................................................................................................... 30-5

31 SDO_UTIL Package (Utility)

31.1 SDO_UTIL.AFFINETRANSFORMS .......................................................................................... 31-3

31.2 SDO_UTIL.APPEND.................................................................................................................... 31-8

31.3 SDO_UTIL.BEARING_TILT_FOR_POINTS............................................................................. 31-9

31.4 SDO_UTIL.CIRCLE_POLYGON.............................................................................................. 31-11

31.5 SDO_UTIL.CONCAT_LINES ................................................................................................... 31-14

31.6 SDO_UTIL.CONVERT_UNIT................................................................................................... 31-15

31.7 SDO_UTIL.CONVERT3007TO3008 ......................................................................................... 31-16

31.8 SDO_UTIL.DROP_WORK_TABLES........................................................................................ 31-17

31.9 SDO_UTIL.ELLIPSE_POLYGON............................................................................................. 31-17

xvii

31.10 SDO_UTIL.EXTRACT.............................................................................................................. 31-19

31.11 SDO_UTIL.EXTRACT_ALL.................................................................................................... 31-21

31.12 SDO_UTIL.EXTRACT3D......................................................................................................... 31-24

31.13 SDO_UTIL.EXTRUDE.............................................................................................................. 31-26

31.14 SDO_UTIL.FROM_GML311GEOMETRY............................................................................. 31-28

31.15 SDO_UTIL.FROM_GMLGEOMETRY................................................................................... 31-30

31.16 SDO_UTIL.FROM_KMLGEOMETRY................................................................................... 31-31

31.17 SDO_UTIL.FROM_WKBGEOMETRY................................................................................... 31-33

31.18 SDO_UTIL.FROM_WKTGEOMETRY................................................................................... 31-34

31.19 SDO_UTIL.GET_2D_FOOTPRINT ........................................................................................ 31-35

31.20 SDO_UTIL.GETNUMELEM ................................................................................................... 31-36

31.21 SDO_UTIL.GETNUMVERTICES ........................................................................................... 31-37

31.22 SDO_UTIL.GETNURBSAPPROX........................................................................................... 31-38

31.23 SDO_UTIL.GETVERTICES ..................................................................................................... 31-40

31.24 SDO_UTIL.INITIALIZE_INDEXES_FOR_TTS .................................................................... 31-42

31.25 SDO_UTIL.INTERIOR_POINT............................................................................................... 31-43

31.26 SDO_UTIL.POINT_AT_BEARING........................................................................................ 31-44

31.27 SDO_UTIL.POLYGONTOLINE ............................................................................................. 31-45

31.28 SDO_UTIL.RECTIFY_GEOMETRY ....................................................................................... 31-46

31.29 SDO_UTIL.REMOVE_DUPLICATE_VERTICES................................................................. 31-47

31.30 SDO_UTIL.REVERSE_LINESTRING .................................................................................... 31-48

31.31 SDO_UTIL.SIMPLIFY .............................................................................................................. 31-49

31.32 SDO_UTIL.SIMPLIFYVW ....................................................................................................... 31-52

31.33 SDO_UTIL.THEME3D_GET_BLOCK_TABLE .................................................................... 31-53

31.34 SDO_UTIL.THEME3D_HAS_LOD........................................................................................ 31-54

31.35 SDO_UTIL.THEME3D_HAS_TEXTURE .............................................................................. 31-56

31.36 SDO_UTIL.TO_GML311GEOMETRY ................................................................................... 31-57

31.37 SDO_UTIL.TO_GMLGEOMETRY ......................................................................................... 31-61

31.38 SDO_UTIL.TO_KMLGEOMETRY ......................................................................................... 31-66

31.39 SDO_UTIL.TO_WKBGEOMETRY......................................................................................... 31-68

31.40 SDO_UTIL.TO_WKTGEOMETRY......................................................................................... 31-69

31.41 SDO_UTIL.VALIDATE_3DTHEME ...................................................................................... 31-71

31.42 SDO_UTIL.VALIDATE_SCENE............................................................................................. 31-72

31.43 SDO_UTIL.VALIDATE_VIEWFRAME................................................................................. 31-73

31.44 SDO_UTIL.VALIDATE_WKBGEOMETRY.......................................................................... 31-74

31.45 SDO_UTIL.VALIDATE_WKTGEOMETRY.......................................................................... 31-76

32 SDO_WFS_LOCK Package (WFS)

32.1 SDO_WFS_LOCK.EnableDBTxns .............................................................................................. 32-1

32.2 SDO_WFS_LOCK.RegisterFeatureTable................................................................................... 32-2

32.3 SDO_WFS_LOCK.UnRegisterFeatureTable ............................................................................. 32-3

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33 SDO_WFS_PROCESS Package (WFS Processing)

33.1 SDO_WFS_PROCESS.DropFeatureType .................................................................................. 33-2

33.2 SDO_WFS_PROCESS.DropFeatureTypes................................................................................. 33-3

33.3 SDO_WFS_PROCESS.GenCollectionProcs............................................................................... 33-3

33.4 SDO_WFS_PROCESS.GetFeatureTypeId.................................................................................. 33-4

33.5 SDO_WFS_PROCESS.GrantFeatureTypeToUser .................................................................... 33-4

33.6 SDO_WFS_PROCESS.GrantMDAccessToUser........................................................................ 33-5

33.7 SDO_WFS_PROCESS.InsertCapabilitiesInfo............................................................................ 33-6

33.8 SDO_WFS_PROCESS.InsertFtDataUpdated ............................................................................ 33-6

33.9 SDO_WFS_PROCESS.InsertFtMDUpdated.............................................................................. 33-7

33.10 SDO_WFS_PROCESS.PopulateFeatureTypeXMLInfo.......................................................... 33-8

33.11 SDO_WFS_PROCESS.PublishFeatureType ............................................................................ 33-9

33.12 SDO_WFS_PROCESS.RegisterMTableView......................................................................... 33-14

33.13 SDO_WFS_PROCESS.RevokeFeatureTypeFromUser......................................................... 33-16

33.14 SDO_WFS_PROCESS.RevokeMDAccessFromUser ............................................................ 33-17

33.15 SDO_WFS_PROCESS.UnRegisterMTableView ................................................................... 33-17

Part IV Supplementary Information

A Installation, Migration, Compatibility, and Upgrade

A.1 Migrating Spatial Data from One Database to Another..................................................................... A-1

A.2 Ensuring That GeoRaster Works Properly After an Installation or Upgrade................................. A-1

A.2.1 Enabling GeoRaster...................................................................................................................... A-2

A.2.2 Ensuring Oracle XML DB Repository is Installed .................................................................. A-2

A.3 Index Maintenance Before and After an Upgrade (WFS and CSW)................................................. A-2

A.4 Increasing the Size of Ordinate Arrays to Support Very Large Geometries................................... A-3

B Oracle Locator

B.1 Installing and Deinstalling Locator or Spatial and Graph Manually................................................ B-5

C Complex Spatial Queries: Examples

C.1 Tables Used in the Examples.................................................................................................................. C-1

C.2 SDO_WITHIN_DISTANCE Examples.................................................................................................. C-1

C.3 SDO_NN Examples.................................................................................................................................. C-3

D Loading ESRI Shapefiles into Spatial and Graph

D.1 Usage of the Shapefile Converter .......................................................................................................... D-1

D.2 Examples of the Shapefile Converter .................................................................................................... D-2

E Routing Engine Administration

E.1 Logging Administration Operations ..................................................................................................... E-1

E.1.1 CREATE_SDO_ROUTER_LOG_DIR Procedure ...................................................................... E-1

xix

E.1.2 VALIDATE_SDO_ROUTER_LOG_DIR Procedure ................................................................. E-2

E.2 Network Data Model (NDM) Network Administration .................................................................... E-2

E.2.1 CREATE_ROUTER_NETWORK Procedure ............................................................................. E-3

E.2.2 DELETE_ROUTER_NETWORK Procedure.............................................................................. E-3

E.2.3 Network Creation Example ......................................................................................................... E-3

E.3 Routing Engine Data ................................................................................................................................ E-4

E.3.1 PARTITION_ROUTER Procedure.............................................................................................. E-6

E.3.2 CLEANUP_ROUTER Procedure ................................................................................................ E-7

E.3.3 DUMP_PARTITIONS Procedure................................................................................................ E-7

E.3.4 VALIDATE_PARTITIONS Procedure ....................................................................................... E-7

E.3.5 GET_VERSION Procedure........................................................................................................... E-8

E.3.6 Routing Engine Data Examples................................................................................................... E-8

E.4 User Data.................................................................................................................................................. E-13

E.4.1 Restricted Driving Maneuvers User Data................................................................................ E-14

E.4.2 CREATE_TURN_RESTRICTION_DATA Procedure............................................................. E-14

E.4.3 DUMP_TURN_RESTRICTION_DATA Procedure ................................................................ E-15

E.4.4 CREATE_TRUCKING_DATA Procedure ............................................................................... E-15

E.4.5 DUMP_TRUCKING_DATA Procedure................................................................................... E-16

E.4.6 User Data Examples.................................................................................................................... E-16

E.5 Other Functions and Procedures.......................................................................................................... E-21

Glossary

Index

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