PCIe协议驱动SCSI：面向PCIE SSD的标准化发展

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SCSI over PCIe (SOP) 是一项技术草案，旨在利用PCI Express (PCIe) 协议作为SCSI（小型计算机系统接口）的底层链路通信方式。这项工作是在T10/2239-D标准修订4c的背景下进行的，T10是一个由美国认可的标准委员会INCITS（国际信息技术标准委员会）下的技术委员会。该草案发布于2013年3月25日，强调这是一个内部工作文档，尚未完成且未经正式批准，其内容可能随时受到T10技术委员会的修改。 SCSI over PCIe的目标在于推动PCIe SSD（固态硬盘）的发展，通过将SCSI协议与PCIe高速带宽结合，能够显著提升数据传输速度和存储系统的性能。在PCIe标准中，SCSI被设计为一种通用的接口标准，使得各种类型的存储设备（包括HDD、SSD等）可以无缝地接入PCIe总线，从而实现更高的并发数据读写操作，减少系统延迟。这项技术的重要性在于它解决了传统SCSI连接在处理大量数据时的瓶颈问题，而PCIe的出现为这些高性能需求提供了理想的解决方案。PCIe的高带宽和低延迟特性使得SSD能够充分发挥其随机访问速度的优势，这对于数据中心、云计算环境以及高性能计算系统至关重要。然而，由于仍处于工作草案阶段，这意味着SCSI over PCIe的具体实现细节和技术规范还在不断优化和完善过程中。用户和开发者在采用这项技术时需注意，它可能还存在一定的不稳定性，并需要等待正式标准发布后才能广泛部署。此外，对于商业或盈利用途复制这份草案的行为，必须获得T10的明确许可，以尊重版权和标准化过程。 T10的负责人Curtis E. Stevens，来自Western Digital Technologies Inc., 提供了技术编辑支持，确保了这份草案的准确性与一致性。总体来说，SCSI over PCIe是现代IT架构中一个值得关注的技术趋势，有望在未来为数据中心存储解决方案带来革命性的变化。

T10/2239-D Revision 4c March 25, 2013

xvi Working Draft SCSI over PCIe Architecture

5.2.7.1.1 MANAGEMENT RESPONSE IU overview ................................................................................ 96

5.2.7.1.2 Result-specific data for INVALID FIELD IN REQUEST IU ........................................................ 98

5.2.7.1.3 Result-specific data for INVALID FIELD IN DATA-OUT BUFFER ............................................. 98

5.2.7.2 EVENT IU ........................................................................................................................................ 99

5.2.7.3 EVENT ACKNOWLEDGE IU ........................................................................................................ 100

5.2.8 SCSI command response IUs ............................................................................................................. 100

5.2.8.1 SUCCESS IU ................................................................................................................................ 100

5.2.8.2 COMMAND RESPONSE IU .......................................................................................................... 102

5.2.8.2.1 COMMAND RESPONSE IU overview ..................................................................................... 102

5.2.8.2.2 No sense data and no response data ...................................................................................... 107

5.2.8.2.3 Sense data present .................................................................................................................. 107

5.2.8.2.4 Response data present ............................................................................................................ 107

5.2.8.3 TASK MANAGEMENT RESPONSE IU ......................................................................................... 109

5.3 SOP Sequences for SCSI commands and task management functions .................................................. 109

5.3.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................................. 109

5.3.2 Task management function sequence ................................................................................................ 110

5.3.3 Non-data command sequence ............................................................................................................ 110

5.3.4 Read command sequence .................................................................................................................. 111

5.3.5 Write command sequence .................................................................................................................. 111

5.3.6 Bidirectional command sequence ....................................................................................................... 113

6 Application layer ............................................................................................................................................. 114

6.1 Application layer overview ........................................................................................................................ 114

6.2 SCSI transport protocol services .............................................................................................................. 115

6.2.1 SCSI transport protocol services for SCSI commands ....................................................................... 115

6.2.1.1 SCSI transport protocol services for SCSI commands overview .................................................. 115

6.2.1.2 Send SCSI Command transport protocol service request ............................................................. 116

6.2.1.3 SCSI Command Received transport protocol service indication ................................................... 117

6.2.1.4 Send Command Complete transport protocol service response ................................................... 118

6.2.1.5 Command Complete Received transport protocol service confirmation ....................................... 120

6.2.1.6 Send Data-In transport protocol service request ........................................................................... 122

6.2.1.7 Data-In Delivered transport protocol service confirmation ............................................................ 123

6.2.1.8 Receive Data-Out transport protocol service request ................................................................... 123

6.2.1.9 Data-Out Received transport protocol service confirmation .......................................................... 125

6.2.1.10 Terminate Data Transfer transport protocol service request ....................................................... 125

6.2.1.11 Data Transfer Terminated transport protocol service confirmation ............................................. 125

6.2.2 SCSI transport protocol services for task management functions ...................................................... 126

6.2.2.1 SCSI transport protocol services for task management functions overview ................................. 126

6.2.2.2 Send Task Management Request transport protocol service request .......................................... 127

6.2.2.3 Task Management Request Received SCSI transport protocol service indication ....................... 128

6.2.2.4 Task Management Function Executed SCSI transport protocol service response ....................... 129

6.2.2.5 Received Task Management Function Executed transport protocol service confirmation ............ 131

6.2.3 SCSI transport protocol services for event notification ....................................................................... 133

6.2.3.1 Transport Reset transport protocol service indication ................................................................... 133

6.2.3.2 Nexus Loss transport protocol service indication .......................................................................... 133

6.2.3.3 Power Loss Expected transport protocol service indication .......................................................... 133

6.3 Task router and task manager error handling .......................................................................................... 133

6.3.1 Request identifier overlap handling summary ..................................................................................... 133

6.3.2 SCSI command overlap with SCSI command ................................................................................... 134

6.3.3 SCSI command overlap with task management function or SOP management function ................... 134

6.3.4 Task management function overlap .................................................................................................... 135

6.3.5 SOP management function overlap ................................................................................................... 135

6.4 Device server error handling .................................................................................................................... 135

6.4.1 Device server Data-In Buffer error handling ....................................................................................... 135

6.4.2 Device server Data-Out Buffer error handling ..................................................................................... 137

6.5 SCSI commands ...................................................................................................................................... 138

6.5.1 INQUIRY command ............................................................................................................................ 138

March 25, 2013 T10/2239-D Revision 4c

Working Draft SCSI over PCIe Architecture xvii

6.5.2 MODE SELECT and MODE SENSE commands ................................................................................ 138

6.6 SCSI mode parameters ............................................................................................................................ 138

6.6.1 SCSI mode parameter overview ......................................................................................................... 138

6.6.2 Protocol-Specific Logical Unit mode page .......................................................................................... 138

6.6.3 Protocol-Specific Port mode page ...................................................................................................... 139

6.7 SCSI vital product data (VPD) .................................................................................................................. 140

6.7.1 SCSI vital product data (VPD) overview ............................................................................................. 140

6.7.2 Device Identification VPD page .......................................................................................................... 140

Annex A (Normative) Mapping SOP over PQI ................................................................................................... 142

A.1 Inbound queue and outbound queue terminology ................................................................................... 142

A.2 SOP classes for PQI ................................................................................................................................ 142

A.2.1 host queuing interface class for PQI ................................................................................................... 142

A.2.1.1 Add To Queue operation .............................................................................................................. 142

A.2.1.2 Remove From Queue operation ................................................................................................... 142

A.2.2 device queuing interface class for PQI ............................................................................................... 142

A.2.2.1 Add To Queue operation .............................................................................................................. 142

A.2.2.2 Remove From Queue operation ................................................................................................... 142

A.3 Support requirements for the SGL descriptor types for SOP IUs ............................................................. 143

A.4 PQI specific SOP IU fields ....................................................................................................................... 143

A.4.1

QUEUING INTERFACE SPECIFIC EVENT OUTBOUND QUEUE field ................................................................ 143

A.4.2

QUEUING INTERFACE SPECIFIC field for request IUs .............................................................................. 144

A.4.3

QUEUING INTERFACE SPECIFIC field for response IUs ........................................................................... 144

A.4.3.1 Outbound queue to manage ......................................................................................................... 144

A.4.4 Data-In Buffer descriptor area ............................................................................................................ 145

A.4.5 Data-Out Buffer descriptor area ......................................................................................................... 145

A.4.6 Data Buffer descriptor area ................................................................................................................ 145

A.4.7

DATA-IN BUFFER DESCRIPTOR AREA SIZE field ........................................................................................ 145

A.5 Queuing layer reset events ...................................................................................................................... 145

A.6 Queuing layer I_T nexus loss events ....................................................................................................... 145

A.7 REPORT GENERAL queuing interface specific general data for PQI ..................................................... 146

A.8 Queuing layer specific inbound queue error information descriptor for PQI ............................................ 146

A.9 SGL Error Handling .................................................................................................................................. 147

Annex B (Normative) Protocol specific requirements for bridges....................................................................... 148

B.1

PROTOCOL SPECIFIC field ........................................................................................................................... 148

B.1.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................................ 148

B.1.2 FCP .................................................................................................................................................... 148

B.1.3 SAS SSP ............................................................................................................................................ 149

B.2 Request identifiers ................................................................................................................................... 150

B.2.1 Request identifier and outbound queue indentifier mapping .............................................................. 150

B.2.2 Protocol specific bridge forwarding examples .................................................................................... 151

B.3 Bridge port identifiers ............................................................................................................................... 157

B.3.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................................ 157

B.3.2 FCP bridge port identifier .................................................................................................................... 158

B.3.3 SRP bridge port identifier ................................................................................................................... 158

B.3.4 iSCSI bridge port identifier .................................................................................................................. 160

B.3.5 SAS SSP bridge port identifier ........................................................................................................... 162

B.3.6 UAS bridge port identifier ................................................................................................................... 162

B.3.7 SOP bridge port identifier ................................................................................................................... 162

B.4 Data Buffer overflow mapping .................................................................................................................. 163

B.5 Additional response information ............................................................................................................... 164

B.5.1 Additional response information overview .......................................................................................... 164

B.5.2 Additional response information for a SAS SSP local port ................................................................. 164

B.6 Event information for the BRIDGE LOCAL PORT DETECTED ERROR event type ............................... 165

B.6.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................................ 165

B.6.2 Event information for a SAS SSP local port ....................................................................................... 166

T10/2239-D Revision 4c March 25, 2013

xviii Working Draft SCSI over PCIe (SOP)

Tables

Page

Table 1 — Numbering conventions ..................................................................................................................... 10

Table 2 — Example of a 32-bit big-endian field .................................................................................................. 11

Table 3 — Bit assignments in a 32-bit big-endian field ....................................................................................... 11

Table 4 — Example of a 32-bit little-endian field ................................................................................................ 12

Table 5 — Bit numbers for a 32-bit little-endian field .......................................................................................... 12

Table 6 — Constraint and note notation ............................................................................................................. 13

Table 7 — Class diagram notation for classes ................................................................................................... 14

Table 8 — Multiplicity notation ............................................................................................................................ 15

Table 9 — Class diagram notation for associations ............................................................................................ 15

Table 10 — Class diagram notation for aggregations ......................................................................................... 16

Table 11 — Class diagram notation for generalizations ..................................................................................... 17

Table 12 — Class diagram notation for dependency .......................................................................................... 18

Table 13 — Object diagram notation for objects ................................................................................................. 19

Table 14 — Object diagram notation for link ....................................................................................................... 19

Table 15 — Attribute mapping ............................................................................................................................ 35

Table 16 — SAM-5 attribute mapping ................................................................................................................. 35

Table 17 — NAA IEEE Registered format .......................................................................................................... 36

Table 18 — NAA Locally Assigned format .......................................................................................................... 36

Table 19 — Routing ID for a PCI Express device without alternative routing ID Interpretation .......................... 37

Table 20 — Routing ID for a PCI Express device with alternative routing ID Interpretation ............................... 37

Table 21 — Execute Command procedure call mapping by a bridge ................................................................. 41

Table 22 — SCSI Command Received to Forward SCSI Command argument mapping .................................. 43

Table 23 — Forward SCSI Command to Send SCSI Command argument mapping ......................................... 44

Table 24 — Command Complete Received to Forward Command Complete argument mapping .................... 45

Table 25 — Forward Command Complete to Send Command Complete argument mapping ........................... 46

Table 26 — Task Management Request Received to Forward Task Management Request argument map ..... 47

Table 27 — Forward Task Management Request to Send Task Management Request argument map ........... 47

Table 28 — Received Task Management Function Executed to Forward Task Management Function Executed

argument map ..................................................................................................................................................... 48

Table 29 — Forward Task Management Function Executed to Task Management Function Executed argument

map ..................................................................................................................................................................... 49

Table 30 — Event types ...................................................................................................................................... 53

Table 31 —

EVENT IDENTIFIER field for the INBOUND QUEUE ERROR event type ............................................ 54

Table 32 — Event data for the INBOUND QUEUE ERROR event type ............................................................. 54

Table 33 —

EVENT IDENTIFIER field for the Nexus identifier inventory has changed event type ........................... 55

Table 34 —

ADDITIONAL EVENT IDENITFIER field for the Nexus identifier inventory has changed event type ........ 55

Table 35 — SOP IU types ................................................................................................................................... 57

Table 36 — IU header ......................................................................................................................................... 60

Table 37 — Common IU header error handling .................................................................................................. 61

Table 38 — NULL IU ........................................................................................................................................... 61

Table 39 — REPORT GENERAL IU ................................................................................................................... 62

Table 40 — REPORT GENERAL parameter Data-In Buffer ............................................................................... 63

Table 41 — REPORT EVENT CONFIGURATION IU ......................................................................................... 66

Table 42 — REPORT EVENT CONFIGURATION parameter Data-In Buffer ..................................................... 67

Table 43 — Report event configuration descriptor ............................................................................................. 67

Table 44 — SET EVENT CONFIGURATION IU ................................................................................................. 68

Table 45 — SET EVENT CONFIGURATION parameter Data-Out Buffer .......................................................... 69

Table 46 — Set event configuration descriptor ................................................................................................... 70

Table 47 — Global queuing interface and queuing interface .............................................................................. 70

Table 48 — LIMITED COMMAND IU .................................................................................................................. 71

Table 49 —

DATA DIRECTION field ........................................................................................................................ 72

Table 50 — COMMAND IU ................................................................................................................................. 73

Table 51 —

TASK ATTRIBUTE field ........................................................................................................................ 75

March 25, 2013 T10/2239-D Revision 4c

Working Draft SCSI over PCIe (SOP) xix

Table 52 —

ADDITIONAL CDB BYTES USAGE field ................................................................................................... 75

Table 53 — EXTENDED COMMAND IU ............................................................................................................ 77

Table 54 —

DATA DIRECTION field ........................................................................................................................ 79

Table 55 — TASK MANAGEMENT IU ................................................................................................................ 80

Table 56 —

TASK MANAGEMENT FUNCTION field .................................................................................................... 81

Table 57 — REPORT BRIDGE LOCAL PORTS IU ............................................................................................ 83

Table 58 — REPORT BRIDGE LOCAL PORTS parameter Data-In Buffer ........................................................ 84

Table 59 — Local port descriptor ........................................................................................................................ 85

Table 60 — REPORT BRIDGE LOCAL PORT DETAILS IU .............................................................................. 86

Table 61 — REPORT BRIDGE LOCAL PORT DETAILS parameter Data-In Buffer .......................................... 88

Table 62 — REPORT BRIDGE NEXUSES IU .................................................................................................... 90

Table 63 — REPORT BRIDGE NEXUSES parameter Data-In Buffer ................................................................ 91

Table 64 — Nexus descriptor ............................................................................................................................. 91

Table 65 — REPORT BRIDGE NEXUS DETAILS IU ......................................................................................... 93

Table 66 — REPORT BRIDGE NEXUS DETAILS parameter Data-In Buffer ..................................................... 94

Table 67 — REMOVE BRIDGE NEXUS IU ........................................................................................................ 95

Table 68 — MANAGEMENT RESPONSE IU ..................................................................................................... 96

Table 69 —

RESULT field ...................................................................................................................................... 97

Table 70 — Result-specific data for

RESULT field set to INVALID FIELD IN REQUEST IU ................................ 98

Table 71 — Result-specific data for

RESULT field set to INVALID FIELD IN DATA-OUT BUFFER ..................... 98

Table 72 — EVENT IU ........................................................................................................................................ 99

Table 73 — EVENT ACKNOWLEDGE IU ......................................................................................................... 100

Table 74 — SUCCESS IU ................................................................................................................................ 101

Table 75 — COMMAND RESPONSE IU .......................................................................................................... 102

Table 76 —

DATA-IN TRANSFER RESULT field and the DATA-IN TRANSFERRED field .............................................. 104

Table 77 —

DATA-OUT TRANSFER RESULT field and the DATA-OUT TRANSFERRED field ........................................ 105

Table 78 —

SENSE DATA LENGTH field and RESPONSE DATA LENGTH field combinations ..................................... 106

Table 79 —

RESPONSE DATA field ...................................................................................................................... 107

Table 80 —

RESPONSE CODE field ...................................................................................................................... 108

Table 81 — TASK MANAGEMENT RESPONSE IU ......................................................................................... 109

Table 82 — Sequences of SOP communications ............................................................................................. 110

Table 83 — Execute Command procedure call transport protocol services ..................................................... 115

Table 84 — Send SCSI Command operation argument usage ........................................................................ 116

Table 85 — SCSI Command Received operation argument sources ............................................................... 118

Table 86 — Send Command Complete operation argument usage ................................................................. 119

Table 87 — Command Complete Received operation argument sources ........................................................ 121

Table 88 — Send Data-In operation argument usage ...................................................................................... 122

Table 89 — Data-In Delivered operation argument sources ............................................................................. 123

Table 90 — Receive Data-Out operation argument usage ............................................................................... 124

Table 91 — Data-Out Received operation argument sources .......................................................................... 125

Table 92 — Terminate Data Transfer operation argument usage .................................................................... 125

Table 93 — Data Transfer Terminated operation argument sources ................................................................ 125

Table 94 — Task management function procedure call transport protocol services ........................................ 126

Table 95 — Send Task Management Request operation argument usage ...................................................... 127

Table 96 — Task Management Request Received operation argument sources ............................................. 128

Table 97 — Task Management Function Executed operation argument usage ............................................... 130

Table 98 — Received Task Management Function Executed operation argument sources ............................ 132

Table 99 — Transport Reset operation arguments ........................................................................................... 133

Table 100 — Request identifier overlap handling summary ............................................................................. 134

Table 101 — Data-In Delivered Delivery Result of DELIVERY FAILURE handling .......................................... 136

Table 102 — Data-Out Received Delivery Result of DELIVERY FAILURE handling ....................................... 137

Table 103 — SOP target port mode pages ....................................................................................................... 138

Table 104 — Protocol-Specific Logical Unit mode page for SOP ..................................................................... 139

Table 105 — Protocol-Specific Port mode page for SOP ................................................................................. 139

Table 106 — Device Identification VPD page designation descriptors for a SOP target port ........................... 140

Table 107 — Device Identification VPD page designation descriptors for a SOP target port ........................... 140

Table 108 — Device Identification VPD page designation descriptors for a SOP target device ....................... 141

T10/2239-D Revision 4c March 25, 2013

xx Working Draft SCSI over PCIe (SOP)

Table A.1 — Queue terminology ....................................................................................................................... 142

Table A.2 — Support requirements for the SGL descriptor types for SOP IUs ................................................. 143

Table A.3 —

QUEUING INTERFACE SPECIFIC EVENT OUTBOUND QUEUE field ......................................................... 143

Table A.4 —

QUEUING INTERFACE SPECIFIC field definition for a request IU ....................................................... 144

Table A.5 —

QUEUING INTERFACE SPECIFIC field definition for a response IU .................................................... 144

Table A.6 —

OUTBOUND QUEUE TO MANAGE field ............................................................................................... 144

Table A.7 — REPORT GENERAL queuing layer specific data for PQI ............................................................ 146

Table A.8 — Queuing layer specific inbound queue error information descriptor for PQI ................................ 146

Table B.1 —

PROTOCOL SPECIFIC field ............................................................................................................... 148

Table B.2 —

PROTOCOL SPECIFIC field for FCP .................................................................................................. 148

Table B.3 —

PROTOCOL SPECIFIC field for SAS SSP ......................................................................................... 149

Table B.4 — Request identifier mapping .......................................................................................................... 150

Table B.5 — Forwarding by a bridge to a local port that is an FCP port ........................................................... 151

Table B.6 — Forwarding by a bridge to a local port that is an SRP port ........................................................... 152

Table B.7 — Forwarding by a bridge to a local port that is an iSCSI port ......................................................... 153

Table B.8 — Forwarding by a bridge to a local port that is an SAS SSP port ................................................... 154

Table B.9 — Forwarding by a bridge to a local port that is a UAS USB-2 port ................................................. 155

Table B.10 — Forwarding by a bridge to a local port that is a UAS USB-3 port ............................................... 156

Table B.11 — Forwarding by a bridge to a local port that is a SOP port .......................................................... 157

Table B.12 — Bridge port identifiers ................................................................................................................. 158

Table B.13 — Bridge port identifier for FCP ..................................................................................................... 158

Table B.14 — Bridge port identifier for SRP ..................................................................................................... 159

Table B.15 — Bridge port identifier for iSCSI ................................................................................................... 160

Table B.16 — Bridge port identifier for SAS SSP ............................................................................................. 162

Table B.17 — Bridge port identifier for UAS ..................................................................................................... 162

Table B.18 — Bridge port identifier for SOP ..................................................................................................... 162

Table B.19 — Data-In Buffer overflow and Data-Out Buffer overflow detection ............................................... 163

Table B.20 — Additional response information returned by a bridge ................................................................ 164

Table B.21 — Bridge local port detected error responses for SAS SSP ........................................................... 164

Table B.22 —

SAS ERROR RESPONSE field ......................................................................................................... 164

Table B.23 — Event information returned by a bridge ...................................................................................... 165

Table B.24 — Bridge local port detected error events for SAS SSP ................................................................. 166

Table B.25 — Bridge local port detected error event for SAS SSP .................................................................. 167

Table B.26 — Event data for bridge local port detected error events for SAS SSP .......................................... 168

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