iPad人机交互指南：Apple官方英文版

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"iPad人机界面指南pdf" 这篇文档是苹果公司发布的iPad人机界面指南，主要针对iPad的应用程序开发者，提供了关于如何设计高效、直观且符合用户体验标准的界面的指导原则。该指南与iPhone人机界面指南相辅相成，但本版本为英文。文档的发布日期为2010年3月8日，强调了所有版权归属于苹果公司，并对复制、存储和传输内容等使用方式进行了规定。 iPad人机界面指南涵盖了许多关键知识点，包括但不限于： 1. 用户体验（User Experience, UX）：指南首先强调了用户体验的重要性，开发者需确保应用设计能够提供流畅、自然的交互体验，使用户能够轻松地完成任务。 2. 设计原则：包括一致性（Consistency）、反馈（Feedback）、控制（Control）和简洁性（Clarity）。设计应保持与iOS系统的统一风格，提供即时的用户操作反馈，让用户始终了解当前的状态，并避免复杂无用的设计元素。 3. 视觉设计：讨论了色彩、图像、排版和空间布局在界面设计中的应用，以及如何利用这些元素增强可读性和视觉吸引力。 4. 界面元素：深入解释了各种UI元素，如按钮、标签、滑块、开关、表单、导航控件和工具栏的使用规范。例如，使用适当的尺寸、形状和触觉反馈来增强可操作性。 5. 多任务处理：由于iPad支持多任务，设计时要考虑如何在多个应用间切换，以及如何优雅地呈现和隐藏多任务界面。 6. 分屏模式：对于iPad Pro，指南会涉及到如何利用Slide Over和Split View功能来优化界面布局。 7. 键盘交互：讨论了如何与内置键盘交互，以及何时和如何使用自定义键盘。 8. 触控手势：详述了基本的触摸手势（如轻触、轻按、拖动、捏合缩放等）以及如何在应用中集成和响应这些手势。 9. 屏幕尺寸和方向：iPad有多种屏幕尺寸和横竖屏模式，设计时要考虑不同场景下的适应性。 10. 无障碍功能：强调了如何使应用程序对视觉、听觉或运动障碍的用户友好，如支持VoiceOver和调整文本大小等功能。 11. 应用程序生命周期：介绍了如何管理应用的启动、暂停和恢复状态，以及如何优化性能和电池使用。 12. 测试与迭代：建议开发者进行持续的用户测试，根据反馈改进设计。这份iPad人机界面指南是开发者创建高质量、用户体验良好的iPad应用程序不可或缺的参考资料，它提供了苹果公司对于界面设计的官方指导和最佳实践。通过遵循这些原则，开发者可以确保他们的应用能够无缝融入iOS生态系统，同时为用户提供出色的操作体验。

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iPad runs iPhone OS 3.2, and iPad applications use many of the same UIKit views and controls you used in

your iPhone application. This makes your experience in iPhone application development (and your knowledge

of iPhone Human Interface Guidelines) very valuable.

Built on this familiar foundation, iPad ushers in a new user experience that differs significantly from the

iPhone user experience. With its large screen and its compelling, highly interactive interface, iPad provides

a unique platform on which to explore a new class of applications.

Expect to spend a large portion of your development time absorbing the iPad user experience and using

this insight to design an application that feels at home on the device.

iPad Platform Characteristics

iPad introduces new platform characteristics that have a significant impact on your application’s user interface:

■ A large screen size of 1024 x 768 pixels.

■ No default or user-expected orientation.

■ The option for users to plug in an external keyboard and use it in place of the onscreen keyboard.

■ The ability for users to dock the device.

To help you get your bearings, note that iPad and iPhone share the following platform characteristics:

■ Memory is limited.

■ One application runs at a time.

■ Preferences are available in the Settings application.

■ Device orientation can change.

■ Onscreen user help is minimal and understated.

■ Applications respond to manual gestures, not mouse clicks.

■ Native, web-only, and hybrid software run on the device.

■ Artwork has a standard bit depth, specifically: 24 bits (8 bits each for red, green, and blue), plus an 8-bit

alpha channel. In general, the PNG format is recommended.

iPad Platform Characteristics 9

CHAPTER 1

Key iPad Features and Characteristics

New UI Elements and Behaviors

In iPhone OS 3.2, UIKit includes some new UI elements and defines new behaviors for a few elements that

are available in earlier versions:

■ Split view. You can use this iPad-only element to display more than one view onscreen at a time, such

as to present data in a master-detail or source list–style arrangement. The split view is a common

organizational element in iPad applications because it helps flatten the information hierarchy. Find out

more about the ways you can use a split view in your application by reading “iPad User Experience

Guidelines” (page 17). For usage guidelines, see “Split View” (page 40).

■ Popover. You can use this iPad-only view to temporarily display additional information, controls, or

choices related to content in the main view. The main benefit of the popover is that it can contain

information or choices that don’t need to be in the main interface all the time. To find out more about

some of the ways you can use a popover, see “Use Popovers to Perform Some Modal Tasks” (page 26).

For usage guidelines, see “Popover” (page 38).

■ Results list button. You can use this system-provided button to reveal search results from a search bar.

(See “Search Bar” (page 43) for usage guidelines.)

■ Modal views have new presentation styles. You can use styles such as full screen, partial screen, and

form to present a modal interface that’s more closely tailored to your application’s user experience and

visual design. (See “Modal View” (page 47) for usage guidelines.)

■ Toolbars can be in additional locations. You can place a toolbar at the top or the bottom of a screen.

You can also use a toolbar inside a split view or a popover. (See “Toolbar” (page 37) for usage guidelines.)

■ The edit menu can display custom items. You can supply menu items to augment or replace the

standard Cut, Copy, Paste, Select, and Select All commands. (See “Edit Menu Additions” (page 48) for

usage guidelines.)

■ The keyboard view can be customized. You can replace the system-provided keyboard view with a

custom view that contains custom buttons. See “Keyboard Customization” (page 48) for usage guidelines.

■ The keyboard view can include custom input accessories. You can supply a separate view of auxiliary

keyboard controls that users can tap to input application-defined content.

■ Custom text views can support text in multiple styles and offer advanced editing features. You can

offer word-processing capabilities and support spell checking and autocompletion for text entry.

New UI Elements and Behaviors

CHAPTER 1

Key iPad Features and Characteristics

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