写出52单片机与esp8266实现串口通信传输数据的代码

以下是基于STM32F103C8T6单片机和ESP8266模块的串口通信传输数据的代码，供参考：

#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "string.h"

#define USART1_GPIO_RCC RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA
#define USART1_RCC RCC_APB2Periph_USART1
#define USART1_GPIO GPIOA
#define USART1_TX GPIO_Pin_9
#define USART1_RX GPIO_Pin_10

#define USART2_GPIO_RCC RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA
#define USART2_RCC RCC_APB1Periph_USART2
#define USART2_GPIO GPIOA
#define USART2_TX GPIO_Pin_2
#define USART2_RX GPIO_Pin_3

USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;

void GPIO_Configuration(void)
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;

    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(USART1_GPIO_RCC, ENABLE);
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(USART2_GPIO_RCC, ENABLE);

    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = USART1_TX;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(USART1_GPIO, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = USART1_RX;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
    GPIO_Init(USART1_GPIO, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = USART2_TX;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(USART2_GPIO, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = USART2_RX;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
    GPIO_Init(USART2_GPIO, &GPIO_InitStructure);
}

void USART_Configuration(void)
{
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(USART1_RCC, ENABLE);
    RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(USART2_RCC, ENABLE);

    USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 115200;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Tx | USART_Mode_Rx;

    USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure);
    USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);

    USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 115200;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Tx | USART_Mode_Rx;

    USART_Init(USART2, &USART_InitStructure);
    USART_Cmd(USART2, ENABLE);
}

void USART1_SendStr(char *data)
{
    while (*data)
    {
        while (USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_TXE) == RESET);
        USART_SendData(USART1, *data++);
    }
}

void USART2_SendStr(char *data)
{
    while (*data)
    {
        while (USART_GetFlagStatus(USART2, USART_FLAG_TXE) == RESET);
        USART_SendData(USART2, *data++);
    }
}

void USART2_IRQHandler(void)
{
    if (USART_GetITStatus(USART2, USART_IT_RXNE) != RESET)
    {
        static uint8_t index = 0;
        static uint8_t data[1024] = {0};

        uint8_t rxData = USART_ReceiveData(USART2);
        data[index++] = rxData;

        if (rxData == '\n')
        {
            data[index] = '\0';
            USART1_SendStr((char *)data);
            index = 0;
            memset(data, 0, sizeof(data));
        }
    }
}

int main(void)
{
    GPIO_Configuration();
    USART_Configuration();

    NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART2_IRQn;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

    USART_ITConfig(USART2, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);

    while (1)
    {
        USART2_SendStr("AT\r\n"); // 发送AT指令给ESP8266模块
        delay_ms(1000);
    }
}

以上代码中，我们使用了USART1和USART2两个串口，其中USART1用于与电脑进行串口通信，USART2用于与ESP8266模块进行串口通信。在USART2接收到数据时，我们将数据存储到data数组中，并在接收到'\n'时触发读取数据的操作，并将数据发送给USART1进行输出。