stm32实现按键中断的代码

下面是一个简单的示例代码，可以在STM32上实现按键中断：

首先，需要在GPIO引脚上配置按键的输入。例如，配置PA0引脚为输入，并启用其上拉电阻：

GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct;
// Enable GPIOA clock
__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
// Configure PA0 as input with pull-up resistor
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_0;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);

然后，需要配置外部中断线。例如，使用EXTI0中断线，并将其与PA0引脚连接：

GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct;
EXTI_HandleTypeDef EXTI_InitStruct;
// Enable SYSCFG clock
__HAL_RCC_SYSCFG_CLK_ENABLE();
// Connect EXTI0 line to PA0 pin
__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
HAL_SYSCFG_SetSYSCFGEXTIConfig(SYSCFG_EXTICR1_EXTI0_PA);
// Configure EXTI0 line
EXTI_InitStruct.Line = EXTI_LINE_0;
EXTI_InitStruct.Mode = EXTI_MODE_INTERRUPT;
EXTI_InitStruct.Trigger = EXTI_TRIGGER_FALLING; // Trigger on falling edge
EXTI_InitStruct.Pull = EXTI_PULLUP;
HAL_EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStruct);

接下来，需要编写中断处理程序。例如，在按下按键时，将LED灯切换为反向状态：

void HAL_GPIO_EXTI_Callback(uint16_t GPIO_Pin)
{
    if (GPIO_Pin == GPIO_PIN_0)
    {
        // Toggle LED when button is pressed
        HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_5);
    }
}

最后，需要启用中断，并进入主循环：

// Enable EXTI0 interrupt
HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(EXTI0_IRQn, 0, 0);
HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(EXTI0_IRQn);

while (1)
{
    // Main loop
}

完整的示例代码如下：

#include "stm32f4xx_hal.h"

void SystemClock_Config(void);
void Error_Handler(void);

int main(void)
{
    // Initialize HAL
    HAL_Init();

    // Configure system clock
    SystemClock_Config();

    // Configure GPIO for button input
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct;
    __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_0;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);

    // Configure EXTI0 line for button interrupt
    EXTI_HandleTypeDef EXTI_InitStruct;
    __HAL_RCC_SYSCFG_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
    HAL_SYSCFG_SetSYSCFGEXTIConfig(SYSCFG_EXTICR1_EXTI0_PA);
    EXTI_InitStruct.Line = EXTI_LINE_0;
    EXTI_InitStruct.Mode = EXTI_MODE_INTERRUPT;
    EXTI_InitStruct.Trigger = EXTI_TRIGGER_FALLING;
    EXTI_InitStruct.Pull = EXTI_PULLUP;
    HAL_EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStruct);

    // Configure LED output
    __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_5;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);

    // Enable EXTI0 interrupt
    HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(EXTI0_IRQn, 0, 0);
    HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(EXTI0_IRQn);

    while (1)
    {
        // Main loop
    }

    return 0;
}

void EXTI0_IRQHandler(void)
{
    HAL_GPIO_EXTI_IRQHandler(GPIO_PIN_0);
}

void HAL_GPIO_EXTI_Callback(uint16_t GPIO_Pin)
{
    if (GPIO_Pin == GPIO_PIN_0)
    {
        // Toggle LED when button is pressed
        HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_5);
    }
}

void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
    RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct;
    RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct;

    __HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);

    RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 8;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 336;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 7;
    if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
    {
        Error_Handler();
    }

    RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK | RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1 | RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
    RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
    RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
    RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV4;
    RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
    if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_5) != HAL_OK)
    {
        Error_Handler();
    }
}

void Error_Handler(void)
{
    while (1)
    {
        // Error handler
    }
}