python 写udp通信代码例子

在Python中，你可以使用`socket`模块来编写UDP（User Datagram Protocol）通信的代码。下面是一个简单的UDP客户端和服务器的例子：

**服务器端（udp_server.py）:**

import socket

def udp_server():
    # 创建一个UDP套接字
    server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
    
    # 绑定IP地址和端口
    server_address = ('localhost', 12345)  # 修改为你想要监听的地址和端口号
    server_socket.bind(server_address)

    print(f"Server started on {server_address[0]}:{server_address[1]}")

    while True:
        # 接收数据并回应
        data, client_address = server_socket.recvfrom(4096)  # 设置接收缓冲区大小
        received_data = data.decode('utf-8')
        
        print(f"Received message from {client_address}: {received_data}")
        response = "Message received!"
        server_socket.sendto(response.encode(), client_address)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    udp_server()

**客户端（udp_client.py）:**

import socket

def udp_client(message):
    # 创建一个UDP套接字
    client_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)

    # 发送数据到服务器
    server_address = ('localhost', 12345)  # 修改为你服务器的IP和端口号
    client_socket.sendto(message.encode(), server_address)

    # 接收服务器响应
    data, server_address = client_socket.recvfrom(4096)
    received_data = data.decode('utf-8')

    print(f"Response from server: {received_data}")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    message = input("Enter a message to send: ")
    udp_client(message)

运行这两个脚本，一个作为服务器启动，另一个作为客户端连接。客户端发送消息，服务器接收后返回响应。