写一个linux设备驱动程序,点亮LED灯
时间: 2024-05-01 09:23:33 浏览: 150
以下是一个简单的Linux设备驱动程序,用于点亮LED灯。该程序使用了GPIO子系统和字符设备框架。
```c
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/gpio.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#define LED_PIN 17 // 在树莓派上,GPIO17对应的针脚可以用来控制LED灯
static int led_value = 0; // LED灯的状态,0表示关闭,1表示打开
static dev_t dev_num; // 设备号
static struct class *dev_class; // 设备类别
static struct device *dev; // 设备
// 打开设备
static int led_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
return 0;
}
// 从设备中读取数据
static ssize_t led_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
return 0;
}
// 向设备中写入数据
static ssize_t led_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
char kbuf;
// 从用户空间中读取一个字节的数据
if (copy_from_user(&kbuf, buf, 1))
return -EFAULT;
// 根据读取的数据来控制LED灯
if (kbuf == '0') {
gpio_set_value(LED_PIN, 0);
led_value = 0;
} else if (kbuf == '1') {
gpio_set_value(LED_PIN, 1);
led_value = 1;
}
return 1;
}
// 关闭设备
static int led_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
return 0;
}
// 设备操作函数
static struct file_operations led_fops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.open = led_open,
.read = led_read,
.write = led_write,
.release = led_release,
};
// 初始化设备驱动程序
static int __init led_init(void)
{
int ret;
// 申请GPIO资源
ret = gpio_request(LED_PIN, "LED");
if (ret < 0) {
printk(KERN_ERR "Failed to request GPIO %d: %d\n", LED_PIN, ret);
return ret;
}
// 设置GPIO方向为输出
ret = gpio_direction_output(LED_PIN, 0);
if (ret < 0) {
printk(KERN_ERR "Failed to set GPIO %d direction: %d\n", LED_PIN, ret);
gpio_free(LED_PIN);
return ret;
}
// 注册字符设备驱动程序
ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&dev_num, 0, 1, "led");
if (ret < 0) {
printk(KERN_ERR "Failed to allocate device number: %d\n", ret);
gpio_free(LED_PIN);
return ret;
}
// 创建设备类别
dev_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "led");
if (IS_ERR(dev_class)) {
printk(KERN_ERR "Failed to create device class\n");
unregister_chrdev_region(dev_num, 1);
gpio_free(LED_PIN);
return PTR_ERR(dev_class);
}
// 创建设备
dev = device_create(dev_class, NULL, dev_num, NULL, "led");
if (IS_ERR(dev)) {
printk(KERN_ERR "Failed to create device\n");
class_destroy(dev_class);
unregister_chrdev_region(dev_num, 1);
gpio_free(LED_PIN);
return PTR_ERR(dev);
}
// 注册设备操作函数
cdev_init(&led_cdev, &led_fops);
ret = cdev_add(&led_cdev, dev_num, 1);
if (ret < 0) {
printk(KERN_ERR "Failed to add device to kernel: %d\n", ret);
device_destroy(dev_class, dev_num);
class_destroy(dev_class);
unregister_chrdev_region(dev_num, 1);
gpio_free(LED_PIN);
return ret;
}
printk(KERN_INFO "LED device driver initialized\n");
return 0;
}
// 卸载设备驱动程序
static void __exit led_exit(void)
{
// 删除字符设备
cdev_del(&led_cdev);
// 销毁设备
device_destroy(dev_class, dev_num);
// 销毁设备类别
class_destroy(dev_class);
// 释放设备号
unregister_chrdev_region(dev_num, 1);
// 释放GPIO资源
gpio_free(LED_PIN);
printk(KERN_INFO "LED device driver unloaded\n");
}
module_init(led_init);
module_exit(led_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("Your Name");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("LED device driver");
```
在上述代码中,我们使用`gpio_request()`函数来申请GPIO资源,并使用`gpio_direction_output()`函数将GPIO设置为输出模式。在`led_write()`函数中,我们根据用户空间中读取的数据来控制LED灯的状态。在`led_init()`函数中,我们先申请GPIO资源,然后创建字符设备,并将其注册到内核中。在`led_exit()`函数中,我们释放了GPIO资源,并删除了字符设备。
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