sql 3sigma

SQL中的3σ（3 sigma）通常是指统计学中的3倍标准差（standard deviation）。在数据分析和质量控制中，3σ常用于确定异常值或离群点。

在SQL中，可以使用聚合函数和子查询来计算标准差并进行3σ分析。下面是一个示例查询，用于计算一个表的某一列的平均值、标准差，并找到超过平均值加减3倍标准差的值：

SELECT AVG(column_name) AS mean, 
       STDDEV(column_name) AS stddev, 
       (AVG(column_name) + 3 * STDDEV(column_name)) AS upper_limit, 
       (AVG(column_name) - 3 * STDDEV(column_name)) AS lower_limit
FROM table_name;

其中，`column_name`是要进行3σ分析的列名，`table_name`是表名。该查询将返回平均值、标准差以及上下限值。超过上下限值的值可以被视为异常值或离群点。

请注意，具体的语法可能因使用的数据库系统而有所不同，上述示例是通用的SQL语法，可能需要根据实际情况进行适当调整。

相关问题

已知银行企业的数据库由以下表组成： ①分行表 branch(branch-name, branch-city, assets) ②客户表 customer(customer-name , customer-street, customer-city ) ③贷款明细表 loan(loan-number, branch-name, amount) ④客户贷款表 borrower(customer-name, loan-number) ⑤存款明细表 account(account-number, branch-name, balance ) ⑥客户存款表 depositor(customer-name, account-number) 注：带下划线的属性为主码，假设客户的名字不相同 完成如下操作： （1）用SQL语句创建表。 （2）使用关系代数和SQL语句找出在Brighton银行中有存款的所有客户的姓名、存款号、和存款额。 （3）使用关系代数和SQL语句找出账户平均余额小于5000元的支行，显示支行名称及账户平均余额。 （4）使用关系代数和SQL语句找出所有在银行中有贷款但无账户的客户。 （5）使用关系代数和SQL语句对所有存款余额大于平均存款额的账户付3%的利息。

很抱歉，我是一个自然语言处理AI，无法直接执行SQL语句或关系代数操作。但我可以给你提供一些参考：

（1）用SQL语句创建表。

CREATE TABLE branch (
  branch_name VARCHAR(255) PRIMARY KEY,
  branch_city VARCHAR(255),
  assets DECIMAL(10,2)
);

CREATE TABLE customer (
  customer_name VARCHAR(255) PRIMARY KEY,
  customer_street VARCHAR(255),
  customer_city VARCHAR(255)
);

CREATE TABLE loan (
  loan_number INT PRIMARY KEY,
  branch_name VARCHAR(255),
  amount DECIMAL(10,2)
);

CREATE TABLE borrower (
  customer_name VARCHAR(255),
  loan_number INT,
  PRIMARY KEY (customer_name, loan_number),
  FOREIGN KEY (customer_name) REFERENCES customer(customer_name),
  FOREIGN KEY (loan_number) REFERENCES loan(loan_number)
);

CREATE TABLE account (
  account_number INT PRIMARY KEY,
  branch_name VARCHAR(255),
  balance DECIMAL(10,2)
);

CREATE TABLE depositor (
  customer_name VARCHAR(255),
  account_number INT,
  PRIMARY KEY (customer_name, account_number),
  FOREIGN KEY (customer_name) REFERENCES customer(customer_name),
  FOREIGN KEY (account_number) REFERENCES account(account_number)
);

（2）使用关系代数和SQL语句找出在Brighton银行中有存款的所有客户的姓名、存款号、和存款额。

关系代数：

$$\pi_{customer\_name, account\_number, balance}(\sigma_{branch\_name='Brighton'}(depositor \bowtie account))$$

SQL语句：

SELECT customer_name, account_number, balance
FROM depositor
JOIN account ON depositor.account_number = account.account_number
WHERE account.branch_name = 'Brighton';

（3）使用关系代数和SQL语句找出账户平均余额小于5000元的支行，显示支行名称及账户平均余额。

关系代数：

$$\pi_{branch\_name,avg(balance)}(\rho_{account2}(account) \bowtie_{account1.branch\_name = account2.branch\_name} \gamma_{account1.branch\_name,avg(balance)}(account as account1))$$

$$\sigma_{avg(balance) < 5000}(account2)$$

SQL语句：

SELECT account1.branch_name, AVG(account2.balance) AS avg_balance
FROM account AS account1
JOIN account AS account2 ON account1.branch_name = account2.branch_name
GROUP BY account1.branch_name
HAVING AVG(account2.balance) < 5000;

（4）使用关系代数和SQL语句找出所有在银行中有贷款但无账户的客户。

关系代数：

$$\pi_{customer\_name}(\sigma_{borrower.loan\_number = loan.loan\_number \land account.branch\_name \text{ is null}}(borrower \bowtie loan \bowtie account))$$

SQL语句：

SELECT borrower.customer_name
FROM borrower
JOIN loan ON borrower.loan_number = loan.loan_number
LEFT JOIN account ON loan.branch_name = account.branch_name
WHERE account.account_number IS NULL;

（5）使用关系代数和SQL语句对所有存款余额大于平均存款额的账户付3%的利息。

关系代数：

$$account' \leftarrow \sigma_{balance > avg(balance)}(account)$$

$$account' \leftarrow \rho_{account2}(account')$$

$$account' \leftarrow account' \cup \gamma_{avg(balance)}(account')$$

$$account' \leftarrow \rho_{account3}(account')$$

$$account' \leftarrow account' \bowtie_{account2.branch\_name = account3.branch\_name}(account2 \times account3)$$

$$account' \leftarrow \sigma_{interest\_rate = 0.03}(account')$$

$$account \leftarrow account \cup account'$$

SQL语句：

UPDATE account
SET balance = balance * 1.03
WHERE balance > (SELECT AVG(balance) FROM account);

已知银行企业的数据库由以下表组成： 0分行表 branch(branch-name, branch-city, assets) 容户表 customer(Customer-name, customer-street, customer-city ) 货款明细表 loan(loan-number, branch-name, amount) 客户货款表 borrower(customer-name, loan-number) 存款明细表 account(account-number, branch-name, balance ) 客户存款表 depositor(customer-name, account-number) 注：带下划线的属性为主码，假设客户的名宇不相同 完成如下操作： (1）用SQL 语句创建表。 (2）使用关系代数和 SQL 语句找出;在 Brighton 银行中有存款的所有客户的姓名、存款号、和存款额。 (3）使用关系代数和 SQL 语句找出账户平均余额小于 5000 元的支行，显示支行名称及账户平均余额。 (4）使用关系代数和 sQL 语句找出所有在银行中有货款但无账户的客户。 (5） 使用关系代数和 SQL 语句对所有存款余额大于平均存款额的账户付3%的利息。

(1) SQL 语句创建表：

CREATE TABLE branch (
  branch_name VARCHAR(50),
  branch_city VARCHAR(50),
  assets DECIMAL(10, 2),
  PRIMARY KEY (branch_name)
);

CREATE TABLE customer (
  customer_name VARCHAR(50),
  customer_street VARCHAR(50),
  customer_city VARCHAR(50),
  PRIMARY KEY (customer_name)
);

CREATE TABLE loan (
  loan_number INT,
  branch_name VARCHAR(50),
  amount DECIMAL(10, 2),
  PRIMARY KEY (loan_number),
  FOREIGN KEY (branch_name) REFERENCES branch(branch_name)
);

CREATE TABLE borrower (
  customer_name VARCHAR(50),
  loan_number INT,
  PRIMARY KEY (customer_name, loan_number),
  FOREIGN KEY (customer_name) REFERENCES customer(customer_name),
  FOREIGN KEY (loan_number) REFERENCES loan(loan_number)
);

CREATE TABLE account (
  account_number INT,
  branch_name VARCHAR(50),
  balance DECIMAL(10, 2),
  PRIMARY KEY (account_number),
  FOREIGN KEY (branch_name) REFERENCES branch(branch_name)
);

CREATE TABLE depositor (
  customer_name VARCHAR(50),
  account_number INT,
  PRIMARY KEY (customer_name, account_number),
  FOREIGN KEY (customer_name) REFERENCES customer(customer_name),
  FOREIGN KEY (account_number) REFERENCES account(account_number)
);

(2) 使用关系代数和 SQL 语句找出在 Brighton 银行中有存款的所有客户的姓名、存款号、和存款额。

关系代数：

$$
\Pi_{customer\_name, account\_number, balance}(\sigma_{branch\_name='Brighton'}(depositor \bowtie account))
$$

SQL 语句：

SELECT d.customer_name, d.account_number, a.balance
FROM depositor d
INNER JOIN account a
ON d.account_number = a.account_number
WHERE a.branch_name = 'Brighton';

(3) 使用关系代数和 SQL 语句找出账户平均余额小于 5000 元的支行，显示支行名称及账户平均余额。

关系代数：

$$
\pi_{branch\_name, avg\_balance}(\gamma_{branch\_name}(account) \div \rho_{avg\_balance}(account))
$$

$$
\pi_{branch\_name, avg\_balance}(\sigma_{avg\_balance<5000}(\pi_{branch\_name, avg\_balance}(\gamma_{branch\_name}(account) \div \rho_{avg\_balance}(account))))
$$

SQL 语句：

SELECT a.branch_name, AVG(a.balance) AS avg_balance
FROM account a
GROUP BY a.branch_name
HAVING AVG(a.balance) < 5000;

(4) 使用关系代数和 SQL 语句找出所有在银行中有货款但无账户的客户。

关系代数：

$$
\Pi_{customer\_name}((borrower - \sigma_{account.account\_number IS NOT NULL}(depositor)) \bowtie loan)
$$

SQL 语句：

SELECT b.customer_name
FROM borrower b
INNER JOIN loan l
ON b.loan_number = l.loan_number
LEFT JOIN depositor d
ON b.customer_name = d.customer_name
WHERE d.account_number IS NULL;

(5) 使用关系代数和 SQL 语句对所有存款余额大于平均存款额的账户付3%的利息。

关系代数：

$$
account' \leftarrow \gamma_{AVG(balance)}(account)
$$

$$
account'' \leftarrow account \bowtie \rho_{interest\_rate}(3\%)
$$

$$
account''' \leftarrow account'' \bowtie \gamma_{account\_number}(\sigma_{balance>AVG(balance)}(account'))
$$

$$
account''' \leftarrow \sigma_{balance'=balance*1.03}(account''')
$$

SQL 语句：

UPDATE account
SET balance = balance * 1.03
WHERE balance > (
  SELECT AVG(balance)
  FROM account
);