fastapi快速教程
时间: 2024-07-14 18:01:32 浏览: 89
FastAPI是一个由Python编写的现代Web框架,它专注于速度、易用性和生产力。以下是快速上手FastAPI的一个简短教程:
1. **安装**:
使用pip安装FastAPI:`pip install fastapi uvicorn`
如果需要数据库支持,可能还需要额外的库如`sqlalchemy`。
2. **创建项目**:
创建一个新的Python文件(例如`main.py`),引入必要的模块并初始化FastAPI应用:
```python
from fastapi import FastAPI
app = FastAPI()
```
3. **定义路由**:
定义处理HTTP请求的函数,并通过装饰器`app.get()`、`app.post()`等来将它们映射到特定的URL路径:
```python
@app.get("/")
async def hello_world():
return {"message": "Hello, World!"}
```
4. **运行服务**:
使用uvicorn启动应用程序:`uvicorn main:app --reload`。现在你可以访问`http://localhost:8000/`查看"Hello, World!"响应。
5. **处理请求体和验证**:
使用FastAPI的Body功能接收JSON数据,可以设置验证规则。例如,接受一个整数:
```python
@app.post("/items/")
async def create_item(item: Item):
# 对item做进一步处理...
```
6. **文档生成**:
FastAPI自动生成API文档,非常方便调试和分享。只需在代码中添加注释即可。
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