如何在Arduino开发板上实现与上位机的通信,以便接收来自计算机的数字输入?
时间: 2024-11-18 22:16:16 浏览: 88
在Arduino开发板上实现与上位机(通常指个人电脑或其他嵌入式系统)的通信,以便接收来自计算机的数字输入,可以使用串口通信(也称为UART或USART)。以下是基本步骤:
1. **硬件连接**:
- 连接Arduino的TX(发送)端口到电脑的RX(接收)串口(如COM1、/dev/ttyUSB0等),如果使用的是USB转 TTL 串口适配器,则连接DTR(Data Terminal Ready)线。
- Arduino的RX端口(即GND旁边的那个)连接到电脑的GND(地线)。
2. **软件设置**:
- 使用Arduino IDE,在"Tools > Board"选择合适的Arduino型号。
- 在"Tools > Serial Monitor"中,配置波特率(如9600)、数据位(8位)、停止位(1位)和校验位(无)。
3. **编写代码**:
- 在Arduino sketch中,首先需要包含`SoftwareSerial.h`库,这是用于处理软件模拟串口的。
```cpp
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
SoftwareSerial mySerial(2, 3); // RX (pin 2), TX (pin 3) for Arduino Uno-like boards
```
- 初始化串口并打开它:
```cpp
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600); // Initialize hardware serial for communication with Arduino IDE's Serial Monitor
mySerial.begin(9600); // Initialize the software serial for your PC communication
}
```
- 创建一个事件循环来监听接收到的数据:
```cpp
void loop() {
if (mySerial.available()) { // Check if there is data to read from the PC
int input = mySerial.read(); // Read a digital input character
Serial.println("Received: " + String(input)); // Print it in Serial Monitor for debugging
// Process the received value here
}
}
```
4. **在PC端**:
- 使用例如PuTTY、Arduino IDE自带的Serial Monitor,或者其他串口调试工具发送数字信号,比如ASCII码,对应的数字会显示在Arduino的Serial Monitor里。
5. **验证通信**:
确保在发送端和接收端都看到正确的数据传输,然后根据需要将接收的数据转换成适合的数字形式进行处理。
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