基于rfid的图书管理系统功能模块

基于RFID的图书管理系统通常包括以下功能模块：

1. RFID标签管理模块：用于管理RFID标签的信息，包括标签的编号、状态、所属图书等信息。

2. 图书管理模块：用于管理图书的信息，包括图书的编号、名称、作者、出版社、价格等信息。同时，该模块还负责图书的借阅、归还、续借等操作。

3. 读者管理模块：用于管理读者的信息，包括读者的编号、姓名、性别、年龄、联系方式等信息。同时，该模块还负责读者的注册、借阅、归还等操作。

4. 借阅管理模块：用于管理图书的借阅信息，包括借阅记录、借阅时间、归还时间等信息。同时，该模块还负责借阅的限制、逾期罚款等操作。

5. 统计分析模块：用于对图书、读者、借阅等信息进行统计和分析，包括图书借阅排行榜、读者借阅排行榜、借阅次数统计等。

6. 系统设置模块：用于对系统进行设置，包括RFID读写器的设置、借阅规则的设置、管理员账号的设置等。

以下是一个基于RFID的图书管理系统的简单实现，以供参考：

import serial
import time

# 初始化串口
ser = serial.Serial('COM3', 9600)

# 读取RFID卡号
def read_rfid():
    while True:
        data = ser.read(12)
        if data != '':
            id = str(data, 'utf-8')
            return id

# 图书管理模块
class Book:
    def __init__(self, id, name, author, publisher, price):
        self.id = id
        self.name = name
        self.author = author
        self.publisher = publisher
        self.price = price
        self.status = 'available' # 图书状态：available-可借阅，borrowed-已借出

class BookManager:
    def __init__(self):
        self.books = []

    # 添加图书
    def add_book(self, book):
        self.books.append(book)

    # 删除图书
    def delete_book(self, id):
        for book in self.books:
            if book.id == id:
                self.books.remove(book)

    # 借阅图书
    def borrow_book(self, id):
        for book in self.books:
            if book.id == id:
                if book.status == 'available':
                    book.status = 'borrowed'
                    return True
                else:
                    return False

    # 归还图书
    def return_book(self, id):
        for book in self.books:
            if book.id == id:
                book.status = 'available'

# 读者管理模块
class Reader:
    def __init__(self, id, name, gender, age, phone):
        self.id = id
        self.name = name
        self.gender = gender
        self.age = age
        self.phone = phone

class ReaderManager:
    def __init__(self):
        self.readers = []

    # 添加读者
    def add_reader(self, reader):
        self.readers.append(reader)

    # 删除读者
    def delete_reader(self, id):
        for reader in self.readers:
            if reader.id == id:
                self.readers.remove(reader)

    # 借阅图书
    def borrow_book(self, id):
        for reader in self.readers:
            if reader.id == id:
                if reader.borrowed_books < 5: # 最多借阅5本图书
                    reader.borrowed_books += 1
                    return True
                else:
                    return False

    # 归还图书
    def return_book(self, id):
        for reader in self.readers:
            if reader.id == id:
                reader.borrowed_books -= 1

# 借阅管理模块
class BorrowManager:
    def __init__(self):
        self.borrow_records = []

    # 借阅图书
    def borrow_book(self, book_id, reader_id):
        if book_manager.borrow_book(book_id) and reader_manager.borrow_book(reader_id):
            borrow_time = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime())
            self.borrow_records.append({'book_id': book_id, 'reader_id': reader_id, 'borrow_time': borrow_time})
            return True
        else:
            return False

    # 归还图书
    def return_book(self, book_id, reader_id):
        for record in self.borrow_records:
            if record['book_id'] == book_id and record['reader_id'] == reader_id:
                return_time = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime())
                record['return_time'] = return_time
                book_manager.return_book(book_id)
                reader_manager.return_book(reader_id)
                return True
        return False

# 统计分析模块
class Statistics:
    def __init__(self):
        self.borrow_records = []

    # 统计借阅次数最多的图书
    def most_borrowed_books(self):
        book_borrow_count = {}
        for record in self.borrow_records:
            book_id = record['book_id']
            if book_id in book_borrow_count:
                book_borrow_count[book_id] += 1
            else:
                book_borrow_count[book_id] = 1
        sorted_books = sorted(book_borrow_count.items(), key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
        return sorted_books[:10]

    # 统计借阅次数最多的读者
    def most_borrowed_readers(self):
        reader_borrow_count = {}
        for record in self.borrow_records:
            reader_id = record['reader_id']
            if reader_id in reader_borrow_count:
                reader_borrow_count[reader_id] += 1
            else:
                reader_borrow_count[reader_id] = 1
        sorted_readers = sorted(reader_borrow_count.items(), key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
        return sorted_readers[:10]

# 系统设置模块
class SystemConfig:
    def __init__(self):
        self.rfid_reader = 'RC522'
        self.borrow_days = 30 # 借阅期限为30天

# 示例代码
book_manager = BookManager()
reader_manager = ReaderManager()
borrow_manager = BorrowManager()
statistics = Statistics()

book1 = Book('001', 'Python编程从入门到实践', 'Eric Matthes', '人民邮电出版社', 89.00)
book2 = Book('002', 'Python数据分析基础教程', 'Wes McKinney', '人民邮电出版社', 79.00)
book3 = Book('003', 'Python网络爬虫权威指南', 'Ryan Mitchell', '人民邮电出版社', 69.00)
book_manager.add_book(book1)
book_manager.add_book(book2)
book_manager.add_book(book3)

reader1 = Reader('001', '张三', '男', 20, '13812345678')
reader2 = Reader('002', '李四', '女', 22, '13987654321')
reader_manager.add_reader(reader1)
reader_manager.add_reader(reader2)

borrow_manager.borrow_book('001', '001')
borrow_manager.borrow_book('002', '001')
borrow_manager.borrow_book('003', '002')
borrow_manager.return_book('001', '001')
borrow_manager.return_book('002', '001')
borrow_manager.return_book('003', '002')

statistics.borrow_records = borrow_manager.borrow_records
print(statistics.most_borrowed_books())
print(statistics.most_borrowed_readers())