生成图数据 使用随机数生成器生成300个不重复的顶点坐标，然后对于每个顶点，随机选择1-5个其他顶点，计算与它们之间的路径权值，并将这些信息存储到sqlite数据库中。 存取图数据 使用QT提供的QSqlite类库连接到sqlite数据库，读取和写入图数据。 使用QT代码实现

生成图数据的代码如下：

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <random>
#include <sqlite3.h>

struct Point {
    int x;
    int y;
};

struct Edge {
    int u;
    int v;
    int weight;
};

int main() {
    const int n = 300;
    const int m = 5;
    std::vector<Point> points(n);
    std::vector<std::vector<int>> adj(n);
    std::vector<Edge> edges;

    // 生成顶点坐标
    std::random_device rd;
    std::mt19937 gen(rd());
    std::uniform_int_distribution<int> dist(0, 1000);
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        points[i] = {dist(gen), dist(gen)};
    }

    // 构造邻接表和边集
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        std::vector<int> neighbors;
        std::sample(points.begin(), points.end(), std::back_inserter(neighbors), m, gen);
        std::sort(neighbors.begin(), neighbors.end());
        neighbors.erase(std::unique(neighbors.begin(), neighbors.end()), neighbors.end());
        adj[i] = neighbors;
        for (int j : neighbors) {
            if (i < j) {
                edges.push_back({i, j, abs(points[i].x - points[j].x) + abs(points[i].y - points[j].y)});
            }
        }
    }

    // 存入sqlite数据库
    sqlite3* db;
    int rc = sqlite3_open("graph.db", &db);
    if (rc) {
        std::cerr << "Can't open database: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }
    rc = sqlite3_exec(db, "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS points (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, x INTEGER, y INTEGER)", nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
    if (rc) {
        std::cerr << "Can't create table: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
        sqlite3_close(db);
        return 1;
    }
    rc = sqlite3_exec(db, "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS edges (u INTEGER, v INTEGER, weight INTEGER)", nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
    if (rc) {
        std::cerr << "Can't create table: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
        sqlite3_close(db);
        return 1;
    }
    sqlite3_stmt* stmt;
    rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, "INSERT INTO points (id, x, y) VALUES (?, ?, ?)", -1, &stmt, nullptr);
    if (rc) {
        std::cerr << "Can't prepare statement: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
        sqlite3_close(db);
        return 1;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        rc = sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 1, i);
        rc |= sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 2, points[i].x);
        rc |= sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 3, points[i].y);
        if (rc) {
            std::cerr << "Can't bind values: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
            sqlite3_close(db);
            return 1;
        }
        rc = sqlite3_step(stmt);
        if (rc != SQLITE_DONE) {
            std::cerr << "Can't execute statement: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
            sqlite3_close(db);
            return 1;
        }
        rc = sqlite3_reset(stmt);
        if (rc) {
            std::cerr << "Can't reset statement: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
            sqlite3_close(db);
            return 1;
        }
    }
    rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, "INSERT INTO edges (u, v, weight) VALUES (?, ?, ?)", -1, &stmt, nullptr);
    if (rc) {
        std::cerr << "Can't prepare statement: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
        sqlite3_close(db);
        return 1;
    }
    for (const auto& e : edges) {
        rc = sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 1, e.u);
        rc |= sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 2, e.v);
        rc |= sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, 3, e.weight);
        if (rc) {
            std::cerr << "Can't bind values: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
            sqlite3_close(db);
            return 1;
        }
        rc = sqlite3_step(stmt);
        if (rc != SQLITE_DONE) {
            std::cerr << "Can't execute statement: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
            sqlite3_close(db);
            return 1;
        }
        rc = sqlite3_reset(stmt);
        if (rc) {
            std::cerr << "Can't reset statement: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
            sqlite3_close(db);
            return 1;
        }
    }
    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
    sqlite3_close(db);

    return 0;
}

存取图数据的代码如下：

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <map>
#include <sqlite3.h>
#include <QtSql>

struct Point {
    int x;
    int y;
};

int main() {
    QSqlDatabase db = QSqlDatabase::addDatabase("QSQLITE");
    db.setDatabaseName("graph.db");
    if (!db.open()) {
        std::cerr << "Can't open database: " << db.lastError().text().toStdString() << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }

    QSqlQuery query(db);
    if (!query.exec("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM points")) {
        std::cerr << "Can't execute query: " << query.lastError().text().toStdString() << std::endl;
        db.close();
        return 1;
    }
    query.next();
    int n = query.value(0).toInt();
    std::vector<Point> points(n);
    std::map<std::pair<int, int>, int> weights;
    if (!query.exec("SELECT id, x, y FROM points")) {
        std::cerr << "Can't execute query: " << query.lastError().text().toStdString() << std::endl;
        db.close();
        return 1;
    }
    while (query.next()) {
        int id = query.value(0).toInt();
        int x = query.value(1).toInt();
        int y = query.value(2).toInt();
        points[id] = {x, y};
    }
    if (!query.exec("SELECT u, v, weight FROM edges")) {
        std::cerr << "Can't execute query: " << query.lastError().text().toStdString() << std::endl;
        db.close();
        return 1;
    }
    while (query.next()) {
        int u = query.value(0).toInt();
        int v = query.value(1).toInt();
        int weight = query.value(2).toInt();
        weights[{u, v}] = weight;
        weights[{v, u}] = weight;
    }

    // 进行图算法操作，这里只是打印邻接表和边权值
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        std::cout << i << ": ";
        for (int j : adj[i]) {
            std::cout << j << "(" << weights[{i, j}] << ") ";
        }
        std::cout << std::endl;
    }

    db.close();
    return 0;
}

注意事项：

1. 生成图数据的代码需要链接sqlite3库。
2. 存取图数据的代码需要链接QtSql库，并在运行前将sqlite3.dll放到可执行文件所在目录（Windows平台）。