install.packages("tseries") install.packages("forecast") library(tseries) library(forecast) data(AirPassengers) # 时间序列分析 ts <- ts(AirPassengers, frequency = 12) # 绘制四种趋势图 # 线图 plot.ts(ts, main = "AirPassengers Time Series Plot", xlab = "Year", ylab = "Passengers") # 点图 plot.ts(ts, main = "AirPassengers Time Series Plot", xlab = "Year", ylab = "Passengers", pch = 20, col = "red") # 点线图 plot(ts, main = "AirPassengers Time Series Plot", xlab = "Year", ylab = "Passengers") lines(ts, col = "blue") # 区域图 plot(ts, main = "AirPassengers Time Series Plot", xlab = "Year", ylab = "Passengers", type = "n") polygon(c(time(ts),rev(time(ts))),c(2*sd(ts),rev(-2*sd(ts))),col="blue",border=NA) lines(ts) # 绘制季节性趋势图 decomposed_ts <- stl(ts, s.window = "periodic") plot(decomposed_ts$time.series[, "seasonal"], main = "Seasonal Trend of AirPassengers Time Series")（报错：> polygon(c(time(ts),rev(time(ts))),c(2*sd(ts),rev(-2*sd(ts))),col="blue",border=NA) Error in xy.coords(x, y, setLab = FALSE) : 'x'和'y'的长度不一样）

这个错误通常表示您在绘制图表时提供的数据向量长度不同。请检查您的代码，尤其是在绘制区域图时，确保提供了正确的x和y向量。在这个例子中，您可以尝试将绘制区域图的代码改为：

polygon(c(time(ts),rev(time(ts))),c(2*sd(ts),rev(-2*sd(ts))),col="blue",border=NA)

改为：

polygon(c(time(decomposed_ts$time.series[, "seasonal"]),rev(time(decomposed_ts$time.series[, "seasonal"]))),c(2*sd(decomposed_ts$time.series[, "seasonal"]), rev(-2*sd(decomposed_ts$time.series[, "seasonal"]))),col="blue",border=NA)

这样应该可以解决问题。