注释代码:module UART (input clk, input rst, input rx, output reg tx, output reg busy); parameter BAUD_RATE = 9600; reg [7:0] rx_data; reg [7:0] tx_data; reg [11:0] counter; reg [11:0] baud_counter; reg start_bit; reg [3:0] bit_counter; reg rx_done; reg tx_done; always @(posedge clk) begin if (rst) begin counter <= 0; baud_counter <= 0; start_bit <= 0; bit_counter <= 0; rx_done <= 0; tx_done <= 0; busy <= 0; end else begin if (baud_counter == BAUD_RATE-1) begin baud_counter <= 0; counter <= counter + 1; end else baud_counter <= baud_counter + 1; if (start_bit) begin if (bit_counter == 0) tx <= 1'b0; else if (bit_counter == 9) tx_done <= 1; else tx <= tx_data[bit_counter-1]; bit_counter <= bit_counter + 1; end if (rx & ~rx_done & (counter == 0)) begin rx_data <= 0; start_bit <= 1; bit_counter <= 1; end else if (start_bit & (counter == 1)) begin rx_data <= {rx_data, rx}; bit_counter <= bit_counter + 1; end else if (bit_counter == 9) rx_done <= 1; busy <= ~rx_done | ~tx_done; end end endmodule
时间: 2023-04-06 17:04:40 浏览: 275
我可以回答这个问题。这是一个 Verilog 代码模块,用于实现 UART 通信。它包括一个时钟输入 clk,一个复位输入 rst,一个接收数据输入 rx,一个发送数据输出 tx,以及一个忙状态输出 busy。其中,BAUD_RATE 参数定义了波特率,rx_data 和 tx_data 分别存储接收和发送的数据,counter 和 baud_counter 分别用于计数,start_bit 用于指示起始位,bit_counter 用于计算位数,rx_done 和 tx_done 分别表示接收和发送是否完成。在时钟上升沿触发的 always 块中,根据时钟和复位信号的状态,对各个变量进行更新。
相关问题
reg [7:0] sec ; // 秒 reg [7:0] min ; // 分 reg [7:0] hour ; // 时 reg [7:0] day ; // 日 reg [7:0] mon ; // 月 reg [7:0] year ; // 年 wire [23:0] rtc_time ; // 时间,从低位到高位依次是秒、分、时,各8bit wire [23:0] rtc_date ; // 日期,从低位到高位依次是日、月、年,各8bit //wire define wire neg_sap ; // 采下降沿得到的信号 //***************************************************** //** main code //***************************************************** assign neg_sap = (~key_dy0 & key_dy1); // 按键按下时,得到一个周期的高电平信号 assign rtc_time = {hour,min,sec}; assign rtc_date = {year,mon,day}; 将得到的小时分钟和秒显示在串口上位机上 串口上位机的输入是uart_rx
为了将得到的小时、分钟和秒显示在串口上位机上,需要使用 Verilog 中的串口通信模块以及计数器模块。
首先,需要将小时、分钟和秒转换成 ASCII 码并存储在缓存区中,然后通过串口通信模块发送给上位机。以下是一个示例代码:
module rtc_display(
input clk,
input rst,
input [7:0] hour,
input [7:0] min,
input [7:0] sec,
output reg [7:0] uart_tx
);
// 定义计数器,控制串口发送速率
reg [15:0] cnt;
parameter BAUD_RATE = 9600;
parameter DIVIDER = 50000000 / BAUD_RATE;
// 定义缓存区,存储转换后的 ASCII 码
reg [7:0] buffer [0:8];
reg [3:0] buf_ptr;
// 定义串口通信模块
uart #(
.BAUD_RATE(BAUD_RATE),
.DATA_BITS(8),
.STOP_BITS(1),
.PARITY("NONE")
) my_uart (
.clk(clk),
.rst(rst),
.rx(uart_rx),
.tx(uart_tx)
);
// 将小时、分钟和秒转换成 ASCII 码并存储在缓存区中
always @ (posedge clk) begin
if (cnt == DIVIDER) begin
cnt <= 0;
if (buf_ptr < 8) begin
case (buf_ptr)
0: buffer[0] <= 'H';
1: buffer[1] <= (hour / 10) + '0';
2: buffer[2] <= (hour % 10) + '0';
3: buffer[3] <= 'M';
4: buffer[4] <= (min / 10) + '0';
5: buffer[5] <= (min % 10) + '0';
6: buffer[6] <= 'S';
7: buffer[7] <= (sec / 10) + '0';
8: buffer[8] <= (sec % 10) + '0';
endcase
buf_ptr <= buf_ptr + 1;
end
end else begin
cnt <= cnt + 1;
end
end
// 将缓存区中的 ASCII 码发送给上位机
always @ (posedge clk) begin
if (buf_ptr > 0) begin
uart_tx <= buffer[buf_ptr - 1];
if (my_uart.tx_ready) begin
buf_ptr <= buf_ptr - 1;
end
end
end
endmodule
在主模块中,需要实例化 rtc_display 模块并将小时、分钟和秒作为输入连接到该模块。同时,需要将串口通信模块的 rx 端口连接到上位机的 tx 端口,tx 端口接收到的数据将发送给上位机。
module main(
input clk,
input rst,
input [7:0] hour,
input [7:0] min,
input [7:0] sec,
input uart_rx,
output reg [7:0] uart_tx
);
rtc_display my_rtc_display (
.clk(clk),
.rst(rst),
.hour(hour),
.min(min),
.sec(sec),
.uart_tx(uart_tx),
.uart_rx(uart_rx)
);
uart #(
.BAUD_RATE(9600),
.DATA_BITS(8),
.STOP_BITS(1),
.PARITY("NONE")
) my_uart (
.clk(clk),
.rst(rst),
.rx(uart_tx),
.tx(uart_rx)
);
endmodule
以上代码仅供参考,具体实现可能需要根据具体需求进行修改。
pcf8563芯片经过iic驱动得到的wire [23:0] rtc_time 从低位到高位依次是秒、分、时,各8bit,将其通过ASCII由串口uart_rx输出
假设你已经完成了pcf8563芯片的iic驱动和rtc_time的获取,那么将其通过ASCII由串口uart_rx输出可以通过以下代码实现:
```verilog
module pcf8563_to_uart(
input wire clk,
input wire rst_n,
input wire iic_scl,
inout wire iic_sda,
input wire uart_rx_clk,
input wire uart_rx_rst_n,
output reg uart_tx,
output reg uart_tx_en
);
// 定义常量
localparam ADDR_SEC = 7'h02;
localparam ADDR_MIN = 7'h03;
localparam ADDR_HOUR = 7'h04;
localparam BAUD_RATE = 9600; // 波特率
localparam CLK_FREQ = 50_000_000; // 时钟频率
// 定义寄存器
reg [7:0] sec;
reg [7:0] min;
reg [7:0] hour;
// 定义计数器
reg [7:0] cnt;
// 定义状态机状态
localparam IDLE = 2'd0;
localparam SEND_SEC = 2'd1;
localparam SEND_MIN = 2'd2;
localparam SEND_HOUR = 2'd3;
// 定义状态机信号
reg [1:0] state_next;
wire [1:0] state;
// 时钟分频
reg [31:0] cnt_clk;
localparam CLK_DIV = CLK_FREQ / BAUD_RATE / 2 - 1;
// IIC总线
wire ack;
reg [7:0] data_in;
reg [7:0] data_out;
reg [6:0] addr_out;
reg [6:0] addr_next;
wire [6:0] addr;
reg [2:0] iic_state;
localparam IDLE_IIC = 3'd0;
localparam START = 3'd1;
localparam ADDR_OUT = 3'd2;
localparam DATA_OUT = 3'd3;
localparam RESTART = 3'd4;
localparam ADDR_IN = 3'd5;
localparam DATA_IN_ACK = 3'd6;
localparam DATA_IN_NACK = 3'd7;
localparam STOP = 3'd8;
// 状态机
always @(posedge clk, negedge rst_n) begin
if (!rst_n) begin
cnt <= 0;
sec <= 0;
min <= 0;
hour <= 0;
state_next <= IDLE;
addr_out <= ADDR_SEC;
iic_state <= IDLE_IIC;
end else begin
cnt <= cnt + 1;
sec <= rtc_time[7:0];
min <= rtc_time[15:8];
hour <= rtc_time[23:16];
state_next <= state;
addr_out <= addr_next;
case (state)
IDLE: begin
uart_tx_en <= 0;
if (cnt >= CLK_DIV) begin
cnt <= 0;
state_next <= SEND_SEC;
addr_next <= ADDR_SEC;
end
end
SEND_SEC: begin
uart_tx_en <= 1;
uart_tx <= {8'h0A, sec + '0'};
if (cnt >= CLK_DIV) begin
cnt <= 0;
state_next <= SEND_MIN;
addr_next <= ADDR_MIN;
end
end
SEND_MIN: begin
uart_tx_en <= 1;
uart_tx <= {8'h0A, min + '0'};
if (cnt >= CLK_DIV) begin
cnt <= 0;
state_next <= SEND_HOUR;
addr_next <= ADDR_HOUR;
end
end
SEND_HOUR: begin
uart_tx_en <= 1;
uart_tx <= {8'h0A, hour + '0'};
if (cnt >= CLK_DIV) begin
cnt <= 0;
state_next <= IDLE;
addr_next <= ADDR_SEC;
end
end
endcase
end
end
// IIC总线
assign iic_sda = (iic_state == DATA_OUT || iic_state == ADDR_OUT) ? data_out[7] : 1'bZ;
always @(posedge clk, negedge rst_n) begin
if (!rst_n) begin
data_in <= 0;
data_out <= 0;
addr_next <= ADDR_SEC;
iic_state <= IDLE_IIC;
end else begin
case (iic_state)
IDLE_IIC: begin
if (iic_scl == 0 && iic_sda == 0) begin
iic_state <= START;
end else if (iic_scl == 0 && iic_sda == 1) begin
iic_state <= STOP;
end
end
START: begin
iic_sda <= 0;
iic_state <= ADDR_OUT;
end
ADDR_OUT: begin
addr <= addr_out;
iic_sda <= addr[6];
addr_out <= addr_out + 1;
iic_state <= DATA_OUT;
end
DATA_OUT: begin
data_out <= (iic_state == DATA_OUT) ? data_out << 1 : 0;
if (iic_scl == 1) begin
data_out <= {data_out[6:0], iic_sda};
iic_state <= (addr_out == ADDR_SEC) ? RESTART : ADDR_OUT;
end
end
RESTART: begin
iic_sda <= 1;
iic_state <= ADDR_IN;
end
ADDR_IN: begin
addr <= addr_out;
iic_sda <= addr[6];
iic_state <= DATA_IN_ACK;
end
DATA_IN_ACK: begin
iic_sda <= 1;
if (iic_scl == 1) begin
iic_state <= DATA_IN_NACK;
end
end
DATA_IN_NACK: begin
if (iic_scl == 0) begin
data_in <= iic_sda;
iic_sda <= 1;
iic_state <= STOP;
end
end
STOP: begin
iic_sda <= 0;
iic_state <= IDLE_IIC;
end
endcase
end
end
endmodule
```
这个模块包含了一个状态机和一个IIC总线模块。状态机负责将rtc_time中的秒、分、时依次通过串口输出,其中波特率为9600,时钟频率为50MHz。IIC总线模块实现了主设备向从设备读取数据的功能,其中地址、数据、应答等信号都需要在状态机中进行控制。注意在发送数据时,需要在数据前加上一个换行符0A,以便在串口助手中能够正确显示。
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