用C语言编写一个学生成绩管理系统

好的，下面是一个简单的学生成绩管理系统的实现，主要包括学生信息的录入、查询、修改、删除、统计和排序等功能。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#define MAX_STUDENT_NUM 100  // 最大学生数量
#define MAX_NAME_LEN 20      // 姓名最大长度

// 学生结构体
typedef struct {
    char name[MAX_NAME_LEN];  // 姓名
    int id;                   // 学号
    int age;                  // 年龄
    char gender;              // 性别
    int score[3];             // 三门课程成绩
} Student;

// 全局变量，存储所有学生信息
Student students[MAX_STUDENT_NUM];
int student_num = 0;  // 学生数量

// 显示菜单
void display_menu() {
    printf("========================================\n");
    printf("1. 录入学生信息\n");
    printf("2. 查询学生信息\n");
    printf("3. 修改学生信息\n");
    printf("4. 删除学生信息\n");
    printf("5. 统计学生成绩\n");
    printf("6. 排序学生成绩\n");
    printf("7. 退出程序\n");
    printf("========================================\n");
}

// 录入学生信息
void add_student() {
    if (student_num >= MAX_STUDENT_NUM) {
        printf("已经达到最大学生数量，无法添加新学生！\n");
        return;
    }
    printf("请输入学生姓名：");
    scanf("%s", students[student_num].name);
    printf("请输入学号：");
    scanf("%d", &students[student_num].id);
    printf("请输入年龄：");
    scanf("%d", &students[student_num].age);
    printf("请输入性别（M/F）：");
    scanf(" %c", &students[student_num].gender);
    printf("请输入三门课程成绩：");
    scanf("%d %d %d", &students[student_num].score[0], &students[student_num].score[1], &students[student_num].score[2]);
    student_num++;  // 学生数量加一
    printf("学生信息录入成功！\n");
}

// 查询学生信息
void search_student() {
    int id;
    char name[MAX_NAME_LEN];
    printf("请输入要查询的学生信息：\n");
    printf("1. 按学号查询\n");
    printf("2. 按姓名查询\n");
    int option;
    scanf("%d", &option);
    if (option == 1) {
        printf("请输入学号：");
        scanf("%d", &id);
        for (int i = 0; i < student_num; i++) {
            if (students[i].id == id) {
                printf("姓名：%s 学号：%d 年龄：%d 性别：%c 成绩：%d %d %d\n", students[i].name, students[i].id, students[i].age, students[i].gender, students[i].score[0], students[i].score[1], students[i].score[2]);
                return;
            }
        }
        printf("未找到学号为 %d 的学生！\n", id);
    } else if (option == 2) {
        printf("请输入姓名：");
        scanf("%s", name);
        for (int i = 0; i < student_num; i++) {
            if (strcmp(students[i].name, name) == 0) {
                printf("姓名：%s 学号：%d 年龄：%d 性别：%c 成绩：%d %d %d\n", students[i].name, students[i].id, students[i].age, students[i].gender, students[i].score[0], students[i].score[1], students[i].score[2]);
                return;
            }
        }
        printf("未找到姓名为 %s 的学生！\n", name);
    } else {
        printf("输入有误！\n");
    }
}

// 修改学生信息
void modify_student() {
    int id;
    printf("请输入要修改的学生学号：");
    scanf("%d", &id);
    for (int i = 0; i < student_num; i++) {
        if (students[i].id == id) {
            printf("该学生原信息为：姓名：%s 学号：%d 年龄：%d 性别：%c 成绩：%d %d %d\n", students[i].name, students[i].id, students[i].age, students[i].gender, students[i].score[0], students[i].score[1], students[i].score[2]);
            printf("请输入学生姓名：");
            scanf("%s", students[i].name);
            printf("请输入学号：");
            scanf("%d", &students[i].id);
            printf("请输入年龄：");
            scanf("%d", &students[i].age);
            printf("请输入性别（M/F）：");
            scanf(" %c", &students[i].gender);
            printf("请输入三门课程成绩：");
            scanf("%d %d %d", &students[i].score[0], &students[i].score[1], &students[i].score[2]);
            printf("学生信息修改成功！\n");
            return;
        }
    }
    printf("未找到学号为 %d 的学生！\n", id);
}

// 删除学生信息
void delete_student() {
    int id;
    printf("请输入要删除的学生学号：");
    scanf("%d", &id);
    for (int i = 0; i < student_num; i++) {
        if (students[i].id == id) {
            for (int j = i; j < student_num - 1; j++) {
                students[j] = students[j + 1];
            }
            student_num--;  // 学生数量减一
            printf("学生信息删除成功！\n");
            return;
        }
    }
    printf("未找到学号为 %d 的学生！\n", id);
}

// 统计学生成绩
void statistic_student() {
    int total_score[MAX_STUDENT_NUM];
    int max_score = 0, min_score = 100, total = 0;
    float avg_score;
    for (int i = 0; i < student_num; i++) {
        total_score[i] = students[i].score[0] + students[i].score[1] + students[i].score[2];
        total += total_score[i];
        if (total_score[i] > max_score) {
            max_score = total_score[i];
        }
        if (total_score[i] < min_score) {
            min_score = total_score[i];
        }
    }
    avg_score = (float) total / student_num;
    printf("学生总人数：%d\n", student_num);
    printf("总分：%d 平均分：%.2f 最高分：%d 最低分：%d\n", total, avg_score, max_score, min_score);
}

// 排序学生成绩
void sort_student() {
    int option;
    printf("请选择排序方式：\n");
    printf("1. 总分排序\n");
    printf("2. 单科成绩排序\n");
    scanf("%d", &option);
    int total_score[MAX_STUDENT_NUM];
    for (int i = 0; i < student_num; i++) {
        total_score[i] = students[i].score[0] + students[i].score[1] + students[i].score[2];
    }
    if (option == 1) {
        for (int i = 0; i < student_num - 1; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < student_num - i - 1; j++) {
                if (total_score[j] < total_score[j + 1]) {
                    Student temp = students[j];
                    students[j] = students[j + 1];
                    students[j + 1] = temp;
                    int temp_score = total_score[j];
                    total_score[j] = total_score[j + 1];
                    total_score[j + 1] = temp_score;
                }
            }
        }
    } else if (option == 2) {
        int subject;
        printf("请选择要排序的科目（1-3）：");
        scanf("%d", &subject);
        for (int i = 0; i < student_num - 1; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < student_num - i - 1; j++) {
                if (students[j].score[subject - 1] < students[j + 1].score[subject - 1]) {
                    Student temp = students[j];
                    students[j] = students[j + 1];
                    students[j + 1] = temp;
                    int temp_score = total_score[j];
                    total_score[j] = total_score[j + 1];
                    total_score[j + 1] = temp_score;
                }
            }
        }
    } else {
        printf("输入有误！\n");
    }
    printf("学生成绩排序完成！\n");
}

int main() {
    while (1) {
        display_menu();
        int option;
        printf("请输入要执行的操作序号：");
        scanf("%d", &option);
        switch (option) {
            case 1:
                add_student();
                break;
            case 2:
                search_student();
                break;
            case 3:
                modify_student();
                break;
            case 4:
                delete_student();
                break;
            case 5:
                statistic_student();
                break;
            case 6:
                sort_student();
                break;
            case 7:
                printf("程序已退出！\n");
                return 0;
            default:
                printf("输入有误，请重新输入！\n");
                break;
        }
    }
}

这个实现比较简单，只是提供一个基本的框架，你可以根据需要进行修改和完善。希望对你有所帮助！