java鸭子玩具店类体系设计与实现

在Java中，鸭子玩具店的设计通常涉及到面向对象编程，特别是继承、封装和多态等原则。我们可以创建一个“鸭子”（Duck）类作为基础模型，然后通过继承创建不同种类的鸭子（如普通鸭子、会飞的鸭子或不会飞但游泳好的鸭子）。

以下是简化的类体系设计：

// 基础鸭子类
class Duck {
    private String name;
    private boolean canFly;

    public Duck(String name, boolean canFly) {
        this.name = name;
        this.canFly = canFly;
    }

    // 公共行为方法
    public void quack() {
        System.out.println("Quack! (" + name + ")");
    }

    public void swim() {
        if (canFly) {
            System.out.println(name + " swims like a real duck.");
        } else {
            System.out.println(name + " is a great swimmer!");
        }
    }
}

// 特定种类的鸭子继承自基础鸭子
class FlyingDuck extends Duck {
    public FlyingDuck(String name) {
        super(name, true);
    }

    @Override
    public void fly() {
        System.out.println(name + " flies in the sky.");
    }
}

class SwimmingDuck extends Duck {
    public SwimmingDuck(String name) {
        super(name, false);
    }
}

// 玩具店类
class ToyShop {
    public void introduceDuck(Duck duck) {
        duck.quack();
        duck.swim();
        if (duck instanceof FlyingDuck) {
            ((FlyingDuck) duck).fly();
        }
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ToyShop shop = new ToyShop();
        Duck regularDuck = new Duck("Regular Duck", true);
        FlyingDuck flyingDuck = new FlyingDuck("Fancy Flyer");
        SwimmingDuck swimmingDuck = new SwimmingDuck("Strong Swimmer");

        shop.introduceDuck(regularDuck);
        shop.introduceDuck(flyingDuck);
        shop.introduceDuck(swimmingDuck);
    }
}

在这个例子中，`ToyShop`负责展示各种鸭子的行为，而鸭子种类的差异通过覆盖方法来体现多态性。