aes加密python
时间: 2024-06-03 13:06:11 浏览: 174
AES(Advanced Encryption Standard)是一种常用的对称加密算法,Python中也提供了相应的库来实现AES加密。具体步骤如下:
1. 安装pycryptodome库,可以使用pip命令安装,如:pip install pycryptodome
2. 导入Crypto.Cipher模块中的AES类
3. 创建一个AES对象,需要传入一个16、24或32字节的密钥(对应AES-128、AES-192、AES-256),以及一个16字节的初始化向量(IV)
4. 调用encrypt方法对明文进行加密,调用decrypt方法对密文进行解密
以下是一个简单的示例代码:
```
from Crypto.Cipher import AES
key = b'0123456789abcdef' # 16字节密钥
iv = b'1234567890abcdef' # 16字节初始化向量
# 创建AES对象
cipher = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_CBC, iv)
# 加密明文
plaintext = b'Hello World 123'
ciphertext = cipher.encrypt(plaintext)
print('密文:', ciphertext)
# 解密密文
cipher2 = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_CBC, iv)
decrypttext = cipher2.decrypt(ciphertext)
print('明文:', decrypttext)
```
相关问题
AES加密 python
要使用AES加密算法,需要先安装pycryptodome这个库,可以通过以下命令进行安装:
```
pip install pycryptodome
```
接下来,可以按照以下步骤进行AES加密:
1. 导入库和模块
```python
from Crypto.Cipher import AES
import base64
```
2. 准备加密数据
```python
msg_text = 'hello world'
secret_key = '1234567890abcdef'
iv = '1234567890abcdef'
```
3. 创建AES加密器
```python
cipher = AES.new(secret_key.encode('utf-8'), AES.MODE_CBC, iv.encode('utf-8'))
```
4. 对数据进行加密
```python
msg_text += (AES.block_size - len(msg_text) % AES.block_size) * chr(AES.block_size - len(msg_text) % AES.block_size)
ciphertext = cipher.encrypt(msg_text.encode('utf-8'))
```
5. 将加密后的数据进行Base64编码
```python
base64_ciphertext = base64.b64encode(ciphertext)
```
完整的代码如下:
```python
from Crypto.Cipher import AES
import base64
msg_text = 'hello world'
secret_key = '1234567890abcdef'
iv = '1234567890abcdef'
cipher = AES.new(secret_key.encode('utf-8'), AES.MODE_CBC, iv.encode('utf-8'))
msg_text += (AES.block_size - len(msg_text) % AES.block_size) * chr(AES.block_size - len(msg_text) % AES.block_size)
ciphertext = cipher.encrypt(msg_text.encode('utf-8'))
base64_ciphertext = base64.b64encode(ciphertext)
print(base64_ciphertext.decode('utf-8'))
```
输出结果如下:
```
W63j5PQYMwA3cVd4eVz+6w==
```
可以看到,输出结果是一个经过Base64编码的字符串,就是加密后的结果。
aes加密 python
AES(Advanced Encryption Standard)是一种对称加密算法,使用相同的密钥对数据进行加密和解密。在 Python 中,可以使用 PyCryptodome 库进行 AES 加密和解密操作。下面是一个简单的示例:
```python
from Crypto.Cipher import AES
# 定义加密函数
def aes_encrypt(key, data):
cipher = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_ECB)
padded_data = data + (16 - len(data) % 16) * chr(16 - len(data) % 16)
ciphertext = cipher.encrypt(padded_data.encode())
return ciphertext
# 定义解密函数
def aes_decrypt(key, ciphertext):
cipher = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_ECB)
plaintext = cipher.decrypt(ciphertext).decode()
return plaintext.rstrip(chr(ord(plaintext[-1]) & 0xff))
# 测试
key = b'0123456789abcdef' # 密钥,必须是 16、24 或 32 字节
data = 'hello world'
ciphertext = aes_encrypt(key, data)
plaintext = aes_decrypt(key, ciphertext)
print('加密前:', data)
print('加密后:', ciphertext.hex())
print('解密后:', plaintext)
```
其中,`key` 是密钥,必须是 16、24 或 32 字节;`data` 是要加密的数据,`ciphertext` 是加密后的密文,`plaintext` 是解密后的明文。在加密时,需要对数据进行填充以满足块大小要求;在解密时,需要去除填充。
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