写一段STM32F103单片机，同步发送与接收数据处理，并且对数据解析，帧头5A A5

在STM32F103单片机上实现同步数据发送与接收，通常涉及串口通信（UART或USART）。下面是一个简化的示例，说明如何使用USART进行异步UART模式下（比如UART1）的数据收发，同时解析包含特定帧头（如5A A5）的数据：

#include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"

// 定义帧头和长度
#define FRAME_HEADER 0x5A
#define HEADER_LEN 2

void USART_Init(void) {
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct;
    USART_HandleTypeDef UsartHandle;

    // 配置GPIO和USART
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1 | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_Pin_9; // RX pin
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);

    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_Pin_10; // TX pin
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);

    USARTHandle.Instance = USART1;
    USARTHandle.Init.BaudRate = 9600;
    USARTHandle.Init.WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
    USARTHandle.Init.StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
    USARTHandle.Init.Parity = USART_Parity_No;
    USARTHandle.Init.HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
    USARTHandle.Init.Mode = USART_Mode_TxRx;
    HAL_UART_Init(&USARTHandle);
}

void USART_Transmit(const uint8_t* data, uint16_t length) {
    while (length--) {
        HAL_UART_Transmit(&USARTHandle, *data++, 1, HAL_MAX_DELAY);
    }
}

uint16_t USART_Receive(uint8_t* buffer, uint16_t len) {
    uint16_t received = 0;
    while (received < len && HAL_UART_GetData(&USARTHandle, buffer + received, 1) != HAL_OK) {
        if (buffer[received] == FRAME_HEADER) { // 检查帧头
            if (received >= HEADER_LEN) { // 如果接收到完整的帧头
                return received;
            } else {
                // 接收到部分帧头，继续等待后续字节
            }
        }
        received++;
    }

    return received;
}

int main(void) {
    USART_Init();

    const uint8_t transmit_data[] = {FRAME_HEADER, 0xA5, 0x01, 0xFF, 0xFE}; // 示例数据
    USART_Transmit(transmit_data, sizeof(transmit_data));

    uint8_t receive_buffer[HEADER_LEN + 1];
    uint16_t received_len = USART_Receive(receive_buffer, sizeof(receive_buffer));

    if (received_len == sizeof(receive_buffer)) {
        // 数据解析...
        printf("Received frame: %02X %02X\n", receive_buffer[0], receive_buffer[1]);
    } else {
        printf("Failed to receive complete frame.\n");
    }

    while (1); // 程序无限循环
}