登录页面如何实现手机验证码

要实现手机验证码功能的登录页面，可以按照以下步骤进行：

1. 用户输入手机号码：在登录页面中添加一个手机号码输入框，要求用户输入手机号。

2. 生成验证码：后端服务器收到用户提交的手机号后，通过短信服务商的接口生成一个随机的验证码，并将该验证码与用户手机号绑定。

3. 发送验证码：将生成的验证码通过短信服务商的接口发送到用户的手机号上。

4. 验证码校验：用户收到验证码后，在登录页面中添加一个验证码输入框，要求用户输入收到的验证码。

5. 提交校验：用户在验证码输入框中输入完毕后，点击提交按钮。

6. 后端校验：后端服务器接收到用户提交的验证码后，与之前绑定的手机号对应的验证码进行比对，判断是否匹配。

7. 登录成功或失败：根据验证码校验的结果，如果匹配成功，则允许用户继续登录；如果匹配失败，则提示用户重新输入正确的验证码。

需要注意的是，要实现手机验证码功能，你需要获取一个可靠的短信服务商的接口，并将其集成到你的后端服务器中。此外，为了防止滥用，你可能还需要设置一些限制，比如每个手机号码一天只能请求一定次数的验证码。

相关问题

springsecurity实现手机验证码登录

Spring Security可以很方便地实现手机验证码登录，步骤如下：

1. 添加spring-security-web和spring-security-config依赖。

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
    <version>${spring-security.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
    <version>${spring-security.version}</version>
</dependency>

2. 创建一个实现UserDetailsService接口的类，该类用于根据不同的用户名加载用户信息。

@Service
public class UserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {
    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        User user = userMapper.selectByUsername(username);
        if (user == null) {
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("用户名不存在");
        }
        return new UserPrincipal(user);
    }
}

3. 创建一个实现AuthenticationProvider接口的类，该类用于验证用户的手机号和验证码是否正确。

@Service
public class SmsCodeAuthenticationProvider implements AuthenticationProvider {
    @Autowired
    private RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate;

    @Override
    public Authentication authenticate(Authentication authentication) throws AuthenticationException {
        SmsCodeAuthenticationToken authenticationToken = (SmsCodeAuthenticationToken) authentication;
        String mobile = authenticationToken.getPrincipal().toString();
        String code = authenticationToken.getCredentials().toString();

        String redisCode = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(SmsCodeAuthenticationFilter.REDIS_SMS_CODE_KEY_PREFIX + mobile);
        if (StringUtils.isBlank(redisCode)) {
            throw new BadCredentialsException("验证码不存在或已过期");
        }
        if (!StringUtils.equals(code, redisCode)) {
            throw new BadCredentialsException("验证码不正确");
        }

        UserDetails userDetails = new UserPrincipal(new User(mobile, "", Collections.emptyList()));
        return new SmsCodeAuthenticationToken(userDetails, userDetails.getAuthorities());
    }

    @Override
    public boolean supports(Class<?> authentication) {
        return SmsCodeAuthenticationToken.class.isAssignableFrom(authentication);
    }
}

4. 创建一个实现AuthenticationFilter接口的类，该类用于处理短信验证码登录请求。

public class SmsCodeAuthenticationFilter extends AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter {
    public static final String SPRING_SECURITY_FORM_MOBILE_KEY = "mobile";
    public static final String SPRING_SECURITY_FORM_CODE_KEY = "code";
    public static final String REDIS_SMS_CODE_KEY_PREFIX = "SMS_CODE_";

    private String mobileParameter = SPRING_SECURITY_FORM_MOBILE_KEY;
    private String codeParameter = SPRING_SECURITY_FORM_CODE_KEY;
    private boolean postOnly = true;

    public SmsCodeAuthenticationFilter() {
        super(new AntPathRequestMatcher("/login/mobile", "POST"));
    }

    @Override
    public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws AuthenticationException, IOException, ServletException {
        if (postOnly && !request.getMethod().equals("POST")) {
            throw new AuthenticationServiceException("不支持的请求方式: " + request.getMethod());
        }

        String mobile = obtainMobile(request);
        String code = obtainCode(request);

        if (StringUtils.isBlank(mobile)) {
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("手机号不能为空");
        }
        if (StringUtils.isBlank(code)) {
            throw new BadCredentialsException("验证码不能为空");
        }

        SmsCodeAuthenticationToken authRequest = new SmsCodeAuthenticationToken(mobile, code);

        setDetails(request, authRequest);

        return this.getAuthenticationManager().authenticate(authRequest);
    }

    protected String obtainMobile(HttpServletRequest request) {
        return request.getParameter(mobileParameter);
    }

    protected String obtainCode(HttpServletRequest request) {
        return request.getParameter(codeParameter);
    }

    protected void setDetails(HttpServletRequest request, SmsCodeAuthenticationToken authRequest) {
        authRequest.setDetails(authenticationDetailsSource.buildDetails(request));
    }

    public void setMobileParameter(String mobileParameter) {
        this.mobileParameter = mobileParameter;
    }

    public void setCodeParameter(String codeParameter) {
        this.codeParameter = codeParameter;
    }

    public void setPostOnly(boolean postOnly) {
        this.postOnly = postOnly;
    }

    public final String getMobileParameter() {
        return mobileParameter;
    }

    public final String getCodeParameter() {
        return codeParameter;
    }
}

5. 在WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter的子类中进行配置。

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    @Autowired
    private UserDetailsServiceImpl userDetailsService;

    @Autowired
    private SmsCodeAuthenticationProvider smsCodeAuthenticationProvider;

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers("/login/mobile").permitAll()
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
                .and()
                .formLogin().loginPage("/login").defaultSuccessURL("/home").permitAll()
                .and()
                .logout().logoutUrl("/logout").permitAll()
                .and()
                .addFilterBefore(smsCodeAuthenticationFilter(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class)
                .csrf().disable();
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.authenticationProvider(smsCodeAuthenticationProvider)
                .userDetailsService(userDetailsService)
                .passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
    }

    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }

    @Bean
    public SmsCodeAuthenticationFilter smsCodeAuthenticationFilter() {
        SmsCodeAuthenticationFilter filter = new SmsCodeAuthenticationFilter();
        filter.setAuthenticationManager(authenticationManager());
        filter.setAuthenticationSuccessHandler((request, response, authentication) -> {
            response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
            PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
            out.write("{\"code\": 0, \"message\": \"登录成功\"}");
            out.flush();
            out.close();
        });
        filter.setAuthenticationFailureHandler((request, response, exception) -> {
            response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
            PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
            out.write("{\"code\": 1, \"message\": \"" + exception.getMessage() + "\"}");
            out.flush();
            out.close();
        });
        return filter;
    }
}

6. 在前端页面中添加短信验证码登录的表单。

<form action="/login/mobile" method="post">
    <div>
        <label>手机号:</label>
        <input type="text" name="mobile" />
    </div>
    <div>
        <label>验证码:</label>
        <input type="text" name="code" />
        <button type="button" onclick="sendSmsCode()">发送验证码</button>
    </div>
    <div>
        <button type="submit">登录</button>
    </div>
</form>

7. 在后端控制器中添加发送短信验证码的接口。

@RestController
public class SmsCodeController {
    @Autowired
    private RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/sms/code")
    public void sendSmsCode(String mobile) {
        String code = RandomStringUtils.randomNumeric(6);
        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(SmsCodeAuthenticationFilter.REDIS_SMS_CODE_KEY_PREFIX + mobile, code, 5, TimeUnit.MINUTES);

        // 发送短信验证码
    }
}

以上就是使用Spring Security实现手机验证码登录的全部步骤。

使用springboot实现手机验证码code登录

可以通过以下步骤使用springboot实现手机验证码登录：

1. 集成Spring Security依赖

在`pom.xml`文件中添加以下依赖：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>

2. 实现UserDetailsService接口

创建一个类实现`UserDetailsService`接口，并在其中实现从数据库中获取用户信息的逻辑。例如：

@Service
public class UserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {

    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userRepository;

    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String phoneNumber) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        User user = userRepository.findByPhoneNumber(phoneNumber);
        if (user == null) {
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("User not found with phoneNumber: " + phoneNumber);
        }
        return new org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User(user.getPhoneNumber(), user.getPassword(),
                new ArrayList<>());
    }

}

3. 配置Spring Security

在`application.properties`文件中配置Spring Security相关属性：

# 禁用CSRF保护，因为我们将使用手机验证码进行登录
security.enable-csrf=false

# 配置登录页面和处理登录请求的控制器
spring.security.loginProcessingUrl = /login
spring.security.loginPage = /login.html

4. 创建登录页面

创建一个名为`login.html`的登录页面，包含一个表单，用于输入手机号和验证码。例如：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Login</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h2>Login</h2>
    <form action="/login" method="post">
        <div>
            <label for="phoneNumber">Phone Number:</label>
            <input type="text" id="phoneNumber" name="phoneNumber" required>
        </div>
        <div>
            <label for="code">Code:</label>
            <input type="text" id="code" name="code" required>
            <button type="button" id="sendCode">Send Code</button>
        </div>
        <button type="submit">Login</button>
    </form>
    <script>
        // 发送验证码的逻辑
        document.getElementById("sendCode").addEventListener("click", function() {
            var phoneNumber = document.getElementById("phoneNumber").value;
            // 调用后端API发送验证码
            // ...
        });
    </script>
</body>
</html>

5. 实现发送验证码API

创建一个控制器，用于处理发送验证码的API请求。例如：

@RestController
public class SMSController {

    @PostMapping("/sendCode")
    public ResponseEntity<?> sendCode(@RequestParam("phoneNumber") String phoneNumber) {
        // 调用发送短信验证码的服务
        // ...
        return ResponseEntity.ok().build();
    }

}

6. 实现登录API

创建一个控制器，用于处理登录API请求。在该控制器中，使用`AuthenticationManager`和`TokenBasedRememberMeServices`来实现登录逻辑。例如：

@RestController
public class LoginController {

    @Autowired
    private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;

    @Autowired
    private TokenBasedRememberMeServices rememberMeServices;

    @PostMapping("/login")
    public ResponseEntity<?> login(@RequestParam("phoneNumber") String phoneNumber, @RequestParam("code") String code,
            HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
        // 校验验证码是否正确
        // ...

        // 创建一个UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken，以便交给AuthenticationManager进行验证
        UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken token = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(phoneNumber, code);

        // 让AuthenticationManager进行验证，并返回一个Authentication对象
        Authentication authentication = authenticationManager.authenticate(token);

        // 让TokenBasedRememberMeServices进行处理，并返回一个RememberMeAuthenticationToken对象
        RememberMeAuthenticationToken rememberMeToken = rememberMeServices
                .autoLogin(request, response);

        // 将两个Authentication对象合并成一个
        Authentication mergedAuthentication = new PreAuthenticatedAuthenticationToken(
                authentication.getPrincipal(), authentication.getCredentials(),
                Stream.concat(authentication.getAuthorities().stream(), rememberMeToken.getAuthorities().stream())
                        .collect(Collectors.toList()));

        // 在SecurityContextHolder中存储合并后的Authentication对象
        SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(mergedAuthentication);

        // 登录成功，返回一个空响应
        return ResponseEntity.ok().build();
    }

}

这样，我们就实现了使用springboot实现手机验证码登录。需要注意的是，该代码仅为示例，实际场景中可能需要根据具体需求进行修改。