python实现GUI界面控制二阶系统的阶跃响应，用滑块控制

可以使用Python的GUI库Tkinter来实现这个功能。具体步骤如下：

1. 导入需要的库

import tkinter as tk
from scipy import signal
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

2. 定义一个函数来绘制阶跃响应图形

def plot_step_response(num, den, K):
    sys = signal.TransferFunction(num, den)
    t, y = signal.step(sys*K)

    fig, ax = plt.subplots()
    ax.plot(t, y)
    ax.set_xlabel('Time (s)')
    ax.set_ylabel('Amplitude')
    ax.set_title('Step response')
    plt.show()

3. 创建一个Tkinter窗口，并添加一个滑块和一个按钮

root = tk.Tk()
root.title('Control System')

slider = tk.Scale(root, from_=0.1, to=10, resolution=0.1, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL, label='K')
slider.pack()

button = tk.Button(root, text='Plot', command=lambda: plot_step_response([1], [1, 1, 1], slider.get()))
button.pack()

root.mainloop()

在这里，我们定义了一个二阶系统，其传递函数为$G(s)=\frac{1}{s^2+s+1}$。滑块的取值范围为0.1到10，步长为0.1，初始值为1。当用户点击“Plot”按钮时，会调用`plot_step_response`函数来绘制阶跃响应图形。

完整代码如下：

import tkinter as tk
from scipy import signal
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

def plot_step_response(num, den, K):
    sys = signal.TransferFunction(num, den)
    t, y = signal.step(sys*K)

    fig, ax = plt.subplots()
    ax.plot(t, y)
    ax.set_xlabel('Time (s)')
    ax.set_ylabel('Amplitude')
    ax.set_title('Step response')
    plt.show()

root = tk.Tk()
root.title('Control System')

slider = tk.Scale(root, from_=0.1, to=10, resolution=0.1, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL, label='K')
slider.pack()

button = tk.Button(root, text='Plot', command=lambda: plot_step_response([1], [1, 1, 1], slider.get()))
button.pack()

root.mainloop()