根据16.12中所定义的Account类、Savings类和Checking类，编写一个应用程序，它读入一系列的账号和存款，创建若干个储蓄和结算账户， 直到碰到一个标志结束的符号，并输出所有账号的存款数据。 要求：(1) 多文件结构体系 (2) 每个类都要用到 (3) 体会基于类的链表结构（4）请用C++语言书写

好的，我会根据您的要求回答。以下是一个基于类的链表结构的C++程序，用于创建储蓄和结算账户，并输出它们的存款数据。

首先，我们需要定义三个类：Account类、Savings类和Checking类。Account类是一个抽象基类，Savings类和Checking类是Account类的派生类。这里我们将这些类定义在不同的头文件中。

Account类的头文件 Account.h：

#ifndef ACCOUNT_H
#define ACCOUNT_H

class Account {
public:
    virtual void deposit(double amount) = 0;
    virtual void withdraw(double amount) = 0;
    virtual double get_balance() const = 0;
    virtual void display() const = 0;
    virtual ~Account() {}
};

#endif

Savings类的头文件 Savings.h：

#ifndef SAVINGS_H
#define SAVINGS_H

#include "Account.h"

class Savings : public Account {
private:
    double balance;
public:
    Savings(double balance = 0.0);
    virtual void deposit(double amount);
    virtual void withdraw(double amount);
    virtual double get_balance() const;
    virtual void display() const;
};

#endif

Checking类的头文件 Checking.h：

#ifndef CHECKING_H
#define CHECKING_H

#include "Account.h"

class Checking : public Account {
private:
    double balance;
public:
    Checking(double balance = 0.0);
    virtual void deposit(double amount);
    virtual void withdraw(double amount);
    virtual double get_balance() const;
    virtual void display() const;
};

#endif

接下来，我们需要实现这些类。这里我们将它们的实现分别放在 Account.cpp、Savings.cpp 和 Checking.cpp 中。

Account.cpp：

#include "Account.h"

Savings.cpp：

#include "Savings.h"
#include <iostream>

Savings::Savings(double balance) : balance(balance) {}

void Savings::deposit(double amount) {
    balance += amount;
}

void Savings::withdraw(double amount) {
    if (amount <= balance) {
        balance -= amount;
    } else {
        std::cout << "Insufficient funds\n";
    }
}

double Savings::get_balance() const {
    return balance;
}

void Savings::display() const {
    std::cout << "Savings balance: " << balance << std::endl;
}

Checking.cpp：

#include "Checking.h"
#include <iostream>

Checking::Checking(double balance) : balance(balance) {}

void Checking::deposit(double amount) {
    balance += amount;
}

void Checking::withdraw(double amount) {
    if (amount <= balance) {
        balance -= amount;
    } else {
        std::cout << "Insufficient funds\n";
    }
}

double Checking::get_balance() const {
    return balance;
}

void Checking::display() const {
    std::cout << "Checking balance: " << balance << std::endl;
}

现在我们已经定义了这些类，接下来我们可以编写一个应用程序来创建储蓄和结算账户，并输出它们的存款数据。这里我们将应用程序分为三个文件：main.cpp、List.h 和 List.cpp。

main.cpp：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include "List.h"

int main() {
    List<Account*> accounts;
    std::string type;
    double balance;

    while (true) {
        std::cout << "Enter account type (Savings/Checking) and balance, or 'exit' to quit: ";
        std::cin >> type;
        if (type == "exit") {
            break;
        }
        std::cin >> balance;
        if (type == "Savings") {
            accounts.push_back(new Savings(balance));
        } else if (type == "Checking") {
            accounts.push_back(new Checking(balance));
        }
    }

    for (auto& account : accounts) {
        account->display();
    }

    return 0;
}

List.h：

#ifndef LIST_H
#define LIST_H

template <typename T>
class Node {
public:
    T data;
    Node<T>* next;
    Node<T>* prev;
    Node(T data = T()) : data(data), next(nullptr), prev(nullptr) {}
};

template <typename T>
class List {
private:
    Node<T>* head;
    Node<T>* tail;
    int size;
public:
    List();
    ~List();
    void push_back(T data);
    int get_size() const;
    T& operator[](const int index);
};

template <typename T>
List<T>::List() : head(nullptr), tail(nullptr), size(0) {}

template <typename T>
List<T>::~List() {
    while (size > 0) {
        pop_front();
    }
}

template <typename T>
void List<T>::push_back(T data) {
    Node<T>* node = new Node<T>(data);
    if (size == 0) {
        head = node;
        tail = node;
    } else {
        tail->next = node;
        node->prev = tail;
        tail = node;
    }
    size++;
}

template <typename T>
int List<T>::get_size() const {
    return size;
}

template <typename T>
T& List<T>::operator[](const int index) {
    int i = 0;
    Node<T>* current = head;
    while (current != nullptr) {
        if (i == index) {
            return current->data;
        }
        current = current->next;
        i++;
    }
}

#endif

List.cpp：

#include "List.h"

template <typename T>
void List<T>::pop_front() {
    if (size == 0) {
        return;
    }
    Node<T>* temp = head;
    head = head->next;
    if (head == nullptr) {
        tail = nullptr;
    } else {
        head->prev = nullptr;
    }
    delete temp;
    size--;
}

以上就是一个基于类的链表结构的C++程序，用于创建储蓄和结算账户，并输出它们的存款数据。