用java语言使用恰当的组件和容器编写出一个计算机，加完成软件界面设计

由于计算机是一个比较复杂的应用程序，需要使用多种组件和容器来实现。下面是一个简单的使用Java Swing组件和容器实现的计算器应用程序：

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;

public class Calculator extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
    private JTextField display;
    private JButton button0, button1, button2, button3, button4, button5, button6, button7, button8, button9;
    private JButton buttonAdd, buttonSub, buttonMul, buttonDiv, buttonClear, buttonEqual;
    private JPanel buttonPanel;
    private double num1, num2;
    private String operator;

    public Calculator() {
        super("Calculator");
        setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        display = new JTextField();
        display.setEditable(false);
        add(display, BorderLayout.NORTH);

        buttonPanel = new JPanel();
        buttonPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 4));

        button7 = new JButton("7");
        button7.addActionListener(this);
        buttonPanel.add(button7);

        button8 = new JButton("8");
        button8.addActionListener(this);
        buttonPanel.add(button8);

        button9 = new JButton("9");
        button9.addActionListener(this);
        buttonPanel.add(button9);

        buttonDiv = new JButton("/");
        buttonDiv.addActionListener(this);
        buttonPanel.add(buttonDiv);

        button4 = new JButton("4");
        button4.addActionListener(this);
        buttonPanel.add(button4);

        button5 = new JButton("5");
        button5.addActionListener(this);
        buttonPanel.add(button5);

        button6 = new JButton("6");
        button6.addActionListener(this);
        buttonPanel.add(button6);

        buttonMul = new JButton("*");
        buttonMul.addActionListener(this);
        buttonPanel.add(buttonMul);

        button1 = new JButton("1");
        button1.addActionListener(this);
        buttonPanel.add(button1);

        button2 = new JButton("2");
        button2.addActionListener(this);
        buttonPanel.add(button2);

        button3 = new JButton("3");
        button3.addActionListener(this);
        buttonPanel.add(button3);

        buttonSub = new JButton("-");
        buttonSub.addActionListener(this);
        buttonPanel.add(buttonSub);

        button0 = new JButton("0");
        button0.addActionListener(this);
        buttonPanel.add(button0);

        buttonClear = new JButton("C");
        buttonClear.addActionListener(this);
        buttonPanel.add(buttonClear);

        buttonEqual = new JButton("=");
        buttonEqual.addActionListener(this);
        buttonPanel.add(buttonEqual);

        buttonAdd = new JButton("+");
        buttonAdd.addActionListener(this);
        buttonPanel.add(buttonAdd);

        add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }

    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {
        if (event.getSource() == button0) {
            display.setText(display.getText() + "0");
        } else if (event.getSource() == button1) {
            display.setText(display.getText() + "1");
        } else if (event.getSource() == button2) {
            display.setText(display.getText() + "2");
        } else if (event.getSource() == button3) {
            display.setText(display.getText() + "3");
        } else if (event.getSource() == button4) {
            display.setText(display.getText() + "4");
        } else if (event.getSource() == button5) {
            display.setText(display.getText() + "5");
        } else if (event.getSource() == button6) {
            display.setText(display.getText() + "6");
        } else if (event.getSource() == button7) {
            display.setText(display.getText() + "7");
        } else if (event.getSource() == button8) {
            display.setText(display.getText() + "8");
        } else if (event.getSource() == button9) {
            display.setText(display.getText() + "9");
        } else if (event.getSource() == buttonAdd) {
            num1 = Double.parseDouble(display.getText());
            operator = "+";
            display.setText("");
        } else if (event.getSource() == buttonSub) {
            num1 = Double.parseDouble(display.getText());
            operator = "-";
            display.setText("");
        } else if (event.getSource() == buttonMul) {
            num1 = Double.parseDouble(display.getText());
            operator = "*";
            display.setText("");
        } else if (event.getSource() == buttonDiv) {
            num1 = Double.parseDouble(display.getText());
            operator = "/";
            display.setText("");
        } else if (event.getSource() == buttonClear) {
            display.setText("");
        } else if (event.getSource() == buttonEqual) {
            num2 = Double.parseDouble(display.getText());
            if (operator.equals("+")) {
                display.setText("" + (num1 + num2));
            } else if (operator.equals("-")) {
                display.setText("" + (num1 - num2));
            } else if (operator.equals("*")) {
                display.setText("" + (num1 * num2));
            } else if (operator.equals("/")) {
                if (num2 == 0) {
                    display.setText("Error");
                } else {
                    display.setText("" + (num1 / num2));
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Calculator calculator = new Calculator();
    }
}

上面的代码使用了JFrame作为主容器，将JTextField和JPanel添加到了JFrame上。JPanel使用GridLayout布局管理器，用于放置数字和运算符按钮。在JButton上添加了ActionListener监听器，实现了计算器的基本功能。

这个计算器不是特别完整，还有一些需要改进的地方，但是这个例子可以作为一个简单的Swing应用程序的参考。