用ATmega64设计一个通过矩阵键盘实现ADC电量显示、温度显示器、精度为秒的计时器集一身的智能时钟 ，并写出相应C语言代码（ 1） 显示时间（包括秒分时）、日期（包括年月日），并可以通过按键调整时间日期 （ 2） 通过按键切换为秒表模式，实现记表、停表、归零的功能 （ 3） 通过按键切换为闹钟模式，实现设定闹钟，喇叭响应的功能

以下是ATmega64智能时钟的C语言代码：

#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>

// 定义矩阵键盘引脚
#define ROW_1 PINA0
#define ROW_2 PINA1
#define ROW_3 PINA2
#define ROW_4 PINA3
#define COL_1 PINA4
#define COL_2 PINA5
#define COL_3 PINA6
#define COL_4 PINA7

// 定义ADC引脚
#define ADC_PIN PINB0

// 定义温度传感器引脚
#define TEMP_SENSOR_PIN PINB1

// 定义喇叭引脚
#define SPEAKER_PIN PINC0

// 定义闹钟引脚
#define ALARM_PIN PINC1

// 定义时间结构体
typedef struct {
    uint8_t year;
    uint8_t month;
    uint8_t day;
    uint8_t hour;
    uint8_t minute;
    uint8_t second;
} Time;

// 定义闹钟结构体
typedef struct {
    uint8_t hour;
    uint8_t minute;
} Alarm;

// 全局变量
volatile Time currentTime;
volatile Alarm alarmTime;
volatile uint8_t stopwatchOn;
volatile uint8_t stopwatchPaused;
volatile uint8_t stopwatchSeconds;
volatile uint8_t alarmOn;

// 函数声明
void initADC();
void initTempSensor();
void initSpeaker();
void initAlarm();
void updateTime();
void updateDisplay();
void setAlarm();
void resetAlarm();
void toggleStopwatch();
void pauseStopwatch();
void resetStopwatch();

// 主函数
int main() {
    // 初始化IO口
    DDRA = 0b00001111; // 矩阵键盘行为输入，列为输出
    PORTA = 0b11110000; // 上拉输入
    DDRB = 0b00000000; // ADC和温度传感器为输入
    PORTB = 0b11111111; // 上拉输入
    DDRC = 0b00000011; // 喇叭和闹钟为输出
    PORTC = 0b00000000; // 初始关闭喇叭和闹钟
    DDRD = 0b11111111; // 显示器为输出

    // 初始化定时器
    TCCR1B |= (1 << WGM12); // CTC模式
    OCR1A = 31250; // 1秒钟
    TIMSK |= (1 << OCIE1A); // 中断使能
    sei(); // 全局中断使能

    // 初始化变量
    currentTime.year = 21;
    currentTime.month = 5;
    currentTime.day = 1;
    currentTime.hour = 0;
    currentTime.minute = 0;
    currentTime.second = 0;
    stopwatchOn = 0;
    stopwatchPaused = 0;
    stopwatchSeconds = 0;
    alarmOn = 0;

    // 初始化ADC、温度传感器、喇叭、闹钟
    initADC();
    initTempSensor();
    initSpeaker();
    initAlarm();

    while (1) {
        // 检测矩阵键盘
        PORTA |= (1 << ROW_1);
        PORTA &= ~(1 << ROW_2);
        PORTA &= ~(1 << ROW_3);
        PORTA &= ~(1 << ROW_4);
        if (!(PINA & (1 << COL_1))) { // 按键1
            currentTime.second++;
            if (currentTime.second >= 60) {
                currentTime.second = 0;
                currentTime.minute++;
                if (currentTime.minute >= 60) {
                    currentTime.minute = 0;
                    currentTime.hour++;
                    if (currentTime.hour >= 24) {
                        currentTime.hour = 0;
                    }
                }
            }
        } else if (!(PINA & (1 << COL_2))) { // 按键2
            currentTime.day++;
            if (currentTime.day > 31) {
                currentTime.day = 1;
                currentTime.month++;
                if (currentTime.month > 12) {
                    currentTime.month = 1;
                    currentTime.year++;
                }
            }
        } else if (!(PINA & (1 << COL_3))) { // 按键3
            toggleStopwatch();
        } else if (!(PINA & (1 << COL_4))) { // 按键4
            setAlarm();
        }
        PORTA |= (1 << ROW_2);
        PORTA &= ~(1 << ROW_1);
        if (!(PINA & (1 << COL_1))) { // 按键5
            currentTime.second--;
            if (currentTime.second >= 60) {
                currentTime.second = 59;
                currentTime.minute--;
                if (currentTime.minute >= 60) {
                    currentTime.minute = 59;
                    currentTime.hour--;
                    if (currentTime.hour >= 24) {
                        currentTime.hour = 23;
                    }
                }
            }
        } else if (!(PINA & (1 << COL_2))) { // 按键6
            currentTime.day--;
            if (currentTime.day < 1) {
                currentTime.day = 31;
                currentTime.month--;
                if (currentTime.month < 1) {
                    currentTime.month = 12;
                    currentTime.year--;
                }
            }
        } else if (!(PINA & (1 << COL_3))) { // 按键7
            pauseStopwatch();
        } else if (!(PINA & (1 << COL_4))) { // 按键8
            resetStopwatch();
        }
        PORTA |= (1 << ROW_3);
        PORTA &= ~(1 << ROW_2);
        if (stopwatchOn && !stopwatchPaused) { // 秒表未暂停时更新秒表计时
            stopwatchSeconds++;
            if (stopwatchSeconds >= 60) {
                stopwatchSeconds = 0;
            }
        }
        if (alarmOn) { // 闹钟开启时检测是否响铃
            if (currentTime.hour == alarmTime.hour && currentTime.minute == alarmTime.minute) {
                PORTC |= (1 << SPEAKER_PIN); // 开启喇叭
            } else {
                PORTC &= ~(1 << SPEAKER_PIN); // 关闭喇叭
            }
        }
        PORTA |= (1 << ROW_4);
        PORTA &= ~(1 << ROW_3);
        updateDisplay(); // 更新显示
    }

    return 0;
}

// 初始化ADC
void initADC() {
    ADMUX |= (1 << ADLAR); // 左对齐输出
    ADCSRA |= (1 << ADPS2) | (1 << ADPS1) | (1 << ADPS0); // 分频系数128
    ADCSRA |= (1 << ADEN); // ADC使能
}

// 初始化温度传感器
void initTempSensor() {
    ADMUX |= (1 << MUX0); // 设置ADC输入为温度传感器引脚
}

// 初始化喇叭
void initSpeaker() {
    TCCR2 |= (1 << WGM21); // CTC模式
    TCCR2 |= (1 << CS22); // 分频系数64
    OCR2 = 124; // 1kHz
}

// 初始化闹钟
void initAlarm() {
    alarmTime.hour = 0;
    alarmTime.minute = 0;
}

// 更新时间
void updateTime() {
    uint8_t adcValue = 0;
    ADCSRA |= (1 << ADSC); // 开始ADC转换
    while (ADCSRA & (1 << ADSC)); // 等待转换完成
    adcValue = ADCH; // 读取ADC值
    uint16_t tempValue = (adcValue * 500UL) / 255UL; // 计算温度值
    currentTime.second++; // 秒钟加一
    if (currentTime.second >= 60) {
        currentTime.second = 0;
        currentTime.minute++;
        if (currentTime.minute >= 60) {
            currentTime.minute = 0;
            currentTime.hour++;
            if (currentTime.hour >= 24) {
                currentTime.hour = 0;
            }
        }
    }
}

// 更新显示
void updateDisplay() {
    uint8_t digit = 0;
    uint8_t value = 0;

    // 显示秒钟
    digit = 0;
    value = currentTime.second % 10;
    PORTD = ~(1 << digit);
    PORTB = value;
    _delay_ms(2);
    digit = 1;
    value = currentTime.second / 10;
    PORTD = ~(1 << digit);
    PORTB = value;
    _delay_ms(2);

    // 显示分钟
    digit = 2;
    value = currentTime.minute % 10;
    PORTD = ~(1 << digit);
    PORTB = value;
    _delay_ms(2);
    digit = 3;
    value = currentTime.minute / 10;
    PORTD = ~(1 << digit);
    PORTB = value;
    _delay_ms(2);

    // 显示小时
    digit = 4;
    value = currentTime.hour % 10;
    PORTD = ~(1 << digit);
    PORTB = value;
    _delay_ms(2);
    digit = 5;
    value = currentTime.hour / 10;
    PORTD = ~(1 << digit);
    PORTB = value;
    _delay_ms(2);

    // 显示日期
    digit = 6;
    value = currentTime.day % 10;
    PORTD = ~(1 << digit);
    PORTB = value;
    _delay_ms(2);
    digit = 7;
    value = currentTime.day / 10;
    PORTD = ~(1 << digit);
    PORTB = value;
    _delay_ms(2);

    // 显示月份
    digit = 8;
    value = currentTime.month % 10;
    PORTD = ~(1 << digit);
    PORTB = value;
    _delay_ms(2);
    digit = 9;
    value = currentTime.month / 10;
    PORTD = ~(1 << digit);
    PORTB = value;
    _delay_ms(2);

    // 显示年份
    digit = 10;
    value = currentTime.year % 10;
    PORTD = ~(1 << digit);
    PORTB = value;
    _delay_ms(2);
    digit = 11;
    value = currentTime.year / 10;
    PORTD = ~(1 << digit);
    PORTB = value;
    _delay_ms(2);

    // 显示温度
    digit = 12;
    value = tempValue % 10;
    PORTD = ~(1 << digit);
    PORTB = value;
    _delay_ms(2);
    digit = 13;
    value = tempValue / 10;
    PORTD = ~(1 << digit);
    PORTB = value;
    _delay_ms(2);
}

// 设置闹钟
void setAlarm() {
    uint8_t hour = 0;
    uint8_t minute = 0;

    // 输入小时
    while (1) {
        PORTA |= (1 << ROW_1);
        PORTA &= ~(1 << ROW_2);
        PORTA &= ~(1 << ROW_3);
        PORTA &= ~(1 << ROW_4);
        if (!(PINA & (1 << COL_1))) { // 按键1
            hour++;
            if (hour >= 24) {
                hour = 0;
            }
        } else if (!(PINA & (1 << COL_2))) { // 按键2
            minute++;
            if (minute >= 60) {
                minute = 0;
            }
        } else if (!(PINA & (1 << COL_3))) { // 按键3
            break;
        }
        PORTA |= (1 << ROW_2);
        PORTA &= ~(1 << ROW_1);
        if (!(PINA & (1 << COL_1))) { // 按键4
            hour--;
            if (hour >= 24) {
                hour = 23;
            }
        } else if (!(PINA & (1 << COL_2))) { // 按键5
            minute--;
            if (minute >= 60) {
                minute = 59;
            }
        } else if (!(PINA & (1 << COL_3))) { // 按键6
            break;
        }
        PORTA |= (1 << ROW_3);
        PORTA &= ~(1 << ROW_2);
        PORTA |= (1 << ROW_4);
        PORTA &= ~(1 << ROW_3);
    }

    alarmTime.hour = hour;
    alarmTime.minute = minute;
    alarmOn = 1;
}

// 重置闹钟
void resetAlarm() {
    alarmOn = 0;
    PORTC &= ~(1 << ALARM_PIN);
}

// 切换秒表
void toggleStopwatch() {
    if (stopwatchOn) {
        stopwatchOn = 0;
    } else {
        stopwatchOn = 1;
    }
}

// 暂停秒表
void pauseStopwatch() {
    if (stopwatchOn) {
        if (stopwatchPaused) {
            stopwatchPaused = 0;
        } else {
            stopwatchPaused = 1;
        }
    }
}

// 重置秒表
void resetStopwatch() {
    stopwatchOn = 0;
    stopwatchPaused = 0;
    stopwatchSeconds = 0;
}

// 定时器中断
ISR(TIMER1_COMPA_vect) {
    updateTime();
}

// 喇叭定时器中断
ISR(TIMER2_COMP_vect) {
    PORTC ^= (1 << SPEAKER_PIN); // 反转喇叭引脚
    if (alarmOn) {
        if (PORTC & (1 << SPEAKER_PIN)) { // 喇叭开启时检测是否关闭闹钟
            if (currentTime.hour != alarmTime.hour || currentTime.minute != alarmTime.minute) {
                resetAlarm();
            }
        }
    }
}