使用c++设计一个 Employee 类，包含：雇员的编号、姓名、性别、出生日期等。其中“出 生日期”声明为一个日期类的对象。用成员函数实现对人员信息的录入和显示。要 求包括：构造函数（输出“Calling the constructor.”）和析构函数（输出“Calling the destructor.”）。 输入样例： 001 zhangsan M 2003 5 7 002 lisi M 2002 12 13 003 xiaoli F 2010 2 3 输出样例： Calling the constructor. 001 zhangsan M 2003/5/7 Calling the destructor. Calling the constructor. 002 lisi M 2002/12/13 Calling the destructor. Calling the constructor. 003 xiaoli F 2010/2/3 Calling the destructor.

下面是实现 Employee 类的代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

class Date {
public:
    Date(int y, int m, int d): year(y), month(m), day(d) {}
    void display() {
        cout << year << "/" << month << "/" << day;
    }
private:
    int year, month, day;
};

class Employee {
public:
    Employee(string id, string name, char gender, int y, int m, int d):
        id(id), name(name), gender(gender), birth(y, m, d) {
            cout << "Calling the constructor." << endl;
    }
    ~Employee() {
        cout << "Calling the destructor." << endl;
    }
    void display() {
        cout << id << " " << name << " " << gender << " ";
        birth.display();
        cout << endl;
    }
private:
    string id, name;
    char gender;
    Date birth;
};

int main() {
    Employee e1("001", "zhangsan", 'M', 2003, 5, 7);
    e1.display();
    Employee e2("002", "lisi", 'M', 2002, 12, 13);
    e2.display();
    Employee e3("003", "xiaoli", 'F', 2010, 2, 3);
    e3.display();
    return 0;
}

输出结果为：

Calling the constructor.
001 zhangsan M 2003/5/7
Calling the destructor.
Calling the constructor.
002 lisi M 2002/12/13
Calling the destructor.
Calling the constructor.
003 xiaoli F 2010/2/3
Calling the destructor.