Further reactions to invalid messages regarding diagnosis are specified in the chapter "Communication diagnosis".翻译
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有关无效消息的进一步诊断反应在“通信诊断”章节中有详细说明。在SOME/IP协议中,通信诊断用于检测和诊断通信错误,例如超时、连接断开、无效消息等。如果接收到的消息无效或无法处理,则应根据通信诊断章节中的规定进行进一步的诊断反应。这可能包括记录错误信息、发送错误消息、重试或重新连接等操作,以确保通信的有效性和正确性。通信诊断章节中还包括其他有关通信错误和故障排除的规定和建议,可以帮助开发人员更好地诊断和解决通信问题。
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用中文翻译:A coupled three-dimensional model is developed to study the internal parameter distributions of the MBPP fuel cell stack, considering fluid dynamics, electro-chemical reactions, multi-species mass transfer, twophase flow of water and thermal dynamics. The model geometry domains include anode MBPP, anode gas wavy flow field (5 parallel flow channels), anode GDL, anode catalyst layer (CL), membrane, cathode CL, cathode GDL, cathode gas wavy flow field (5 parallel flow channels), cathode MBPP and the two-layered coolant wavy flow fields at anode/cathode sides. According to the stack design, the design parameters of wavy flow fields for anode and cathode sides are the same but the phase deviation between their wave cycles presents 180◦. The two wavy flow fields of coolant, at the respective back sides of the anode and cathode plates, form the intercrossed two-layered coolant flow fields inside the MBPP, due to the phase difference of 180◦ between the wave cycles (Fig. 3). The mismatched flow field patterns between the neighbored fluid flows lead to complicated geometry and mesh building. The presented model geometry is divided into several layers (xz plane) according to the different domain materials so that the thin metallic plate and fluid domains with complicated 3D morphologies could be finely meshed layer by layer. As the real geometry of the experimental stack is too large for calculation, the modeled flow field consists of 5 parallel wavy channels, each of which includes 2 wave periods and corresponding inlet/outlet portions as well. To study the detailed thermal behavior of the presented design, the two-layered coolant fluid flow at the back side of the anode plate is considered and so is for the cathode plate. The counter flow operation is conducted where the air flows at the same direction with coolant but the opposite with hydrogen, shown in Fig. 3 (b).
研究MBPP燃料电池堆内部参数分布的三维耦合模型被建立,考虑流体力学、电化学反应、多物种质量转移、水的两相流动和热力学。模型几何域包括阳极MBPP、阳极气体波浪流场(5个平行流道)、阳极GDL、阳极催化层(CL)、膜、阴极CL、阴极GDL、阴极气体波浪流场(5个平行流道)、阴极MBPP和阳极/阴极两层冷却剂波浪流场。根据堆设计,阳极和阴极侧波浪流场的设计参数相同,但其波浪周期之间的相位偏差为180°。阳极板背面和阴极板背面的两个波浪流场形成交叉的两层冷却剂流场,由于波浪周期之间的相位差为180°(图3)。相邻流体流动之间的不匹配流场模式导致复杂的几何和网格构建。所提出的模型几何体根据不同的域材料分为几层(xz平面),以
翻译:Bioorthogonal catalysis mediated by transition metals has inspired a new subfield of artificial chemistry complementary to enzymatic reactions, enabling the selective labelling of biomolecules or in situ synthesis of bioactive agents via non-natural processes. However, the effective deployment of bioorthogonal catalysis in vivo remains challenging, mired by the safety concerns of metal toxicity or complicated procedures to administer catalysts. Here, we describe a bioorthogonal catalytic device comprising a microneedle array patch integrated with Pd nanoparticles deposited on TiO2 nanosheets. This device is robust and removable, and can mediate the local conversion of caged substrates into their active states in high-level living systems. In particular, we show that such a patch can promote the activation of a prodrug at subcutaneous tumour sites, restoring its parent drug’s therapeutic anticancer properties. This in situ applied device potentiates local treatment efficacy and eliminates off-target prodrug activation and dose-dependent side effects in healthy organs or distant tissues
过渡金属介导的生物正交催化已经启发了一个新的人工化学子领域,补充了酶反应,使得生物分子或非天然过程中的生物活性剂的选择性标记或合成成为可能。然而,在体内有效部署生物正交催化仍然具有挑战性,因为金属毒性或管理催化剂的复杂程序带来的安全问题。在这里,我们描述了一种生物正交催化装置,包括一个微针阵列贴片,集成了Pd纳米颗粒沉积在TiO2纳米片上。这种装置是坚固且可拆卸的,可以在高水平的生物体系中局部转化封闭的底物为其活性状态。特别地,我们表明,这种贴片可以促进前体药物在皮下肿瘤病灶的激活,恢复其父药物的抗癌治疗性质。这种原位应用的装置增强了局部治疗疗效,消除了健康器官或远离组织的剂量依赖性副作用。
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