C语言:基本数据结构(堆栈、队列)的数组、链表实现; 一、 实验目的: 1. 学习基本数据结构(堆栈、队列的实现) 2. 要求:分别通过数组、链表的形式对上述两个数据结构进行实现; 3. 注意: • 学习如何实现多文件C程序的编译和运行; • 学习使用头文件实现函数信息(接口)的声明; • 学习掌握全局变量、外部变量的声明和使用; • 学习使用make命令对多文件的工程进行管理(编译,链接),配合Makefile文件; 二、 实验提示: a) 可以对堆栈(队列)存储数组(队列)定义为全局变量; b) 实现堆栈LIFO操作方法,push(),pop() c) 实现队列的FIFO操作方法,put(),get() d) 将上述函数保存在不同的文件中; e) 主函数中可以添加相应的测试代码;
时间: 2024-02-25 09:57:46 浏览: 90
以下是一份示例代码,包含了堆栈和队列的数组、链表实现。代码分为头文件和源文件,使用 make 命令进行编译和链接。
stack.h:
```
#ifndef STACK_H
#define STACK_H
#define MAX_STACK_SIZE 100
void stack_array_push(int element);
int stack_array_pop();
void stack_list_push(int element);
int stack_list_pop();
#endif
```
stack_array.c:
```
#include "stack.h"
int stack_array[MAX_STACK_SIZE];
int top = 0;
void stack_array_push(int element) {
if (top == MAX_STACK_SIZE) {
printf("Stack overflow!\n");
return;
}
stack_array[top++] = element;
}
int stack_array_pop() {
if (top == 0) {
printf("Stack underflow!\n");
return -1;
}
return stack_array[--top];
}
```
stack_list.c:
```
#include "stack.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef struct stack_node {
int element;
struct stack_node* next;
} StackNode;
StackNode* top = NULL;
void stack_list_push(int element) {
StackNode* new_node = (StackNode*)malloc(sizeof(StackNode));
new_node->element = element;
new_node->next = top;
top = new_node;
}
int stack_list_pop() {
if (top == NULL) {
printf("Stack underflow!\n");
return -1;
}
int element = top->element;
StackNode* old_top = top;
top = top->next;
free(old_top);
return element;
}
```
queue.h:
```
#ifndef QUEUE_H
#define QUEUE_H
#define MAX_QUEUE_SIZE 100
void queue_array_put(int element);
int queue_array_get();
void queue_list_put(int element);
int queue_list_get();
#endif
```
queue_array.c:
```
#include "queue.h"
int queue_array[MAX_QUEUE_SIZE];
int front = 0;
int rear = 0;
void queue_array_put(int element) {
if (rear == MAX_QUEUE_SIZE) {
printf("Queue overflow!\n");
return;
}
queue_array[rear++] = element;
}
int queue_array_get() {
if (front == rear) {
printf("Queue underflow!\n");
return -1;
}
return queue_array[front++];
}
```
queue_list.c:
```
#include "queue.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef struct queue_node {
int element;
struct queue_node* next;
} QueueNode;
QueueNode* front = NULL;
QueueNode* rear = NULL;
void queue_list_put(int element) {
QueueNode* new_node = (QueueNode*)malloc(sizeof(QueueNode));
new_node->element = element;
new_node->next = NULL;
if (rear == NULL) {
front = rear = new_node;
} else {
rear->next = new_node;
rear = new_node;
}
}
int queue_list_get() {
if (front == NULL) {
printf("Queue underflow!\n");
return -1;
}
int element = front->element;
QueueNode* old_front = front;
front = front->next;
if (front == NULL) {
rear = NULL;
}
free(old_front);
return element;
}
```
main.c:
```
#include <stdio.h>
#include "stack.h"
#include "queue.h"
int main() {
// Stack array implementation
printf("Stack array implementation:\n");
stack_array_push(1);
stack_array_push(2);
stack_array_push(3);
printf("%d\n", stack_array_pop());
printf("%d\n", stack_array_pop());
printf("%d\n", stack_array_pop());
printf("%d\n", stack_array_pop()); // should print "Stack underflow!"
// Stack list implementation
printf("Stack list implementation:\n");
stack_list_push(1);
stack_list_push(2);
stack_list_push(3);
printf("%d\n", stack_list_pop());
printf("%d\n", stack_list_pop());
printf("%d\n", stack_list_pop());
printf("%d\n", stack_list_pop()); // should print "Stack underflow!"
// Queue array implementation
printf("Queue array implementation:\n");
queue_array_put(1);
queue_array_put(2);
queue_array_put(3);
printf("%d\n", queue_array_get());
printf("%d\n", queue_array_get());
printf("%d\n", queue_array_get());
printf("%d\n", queue_array_get()); // should print "Queue underflow!"
// Queue list implementation
printf("Queue list implementation:\n");
queue_list_put(1);
queue_list_put(2);
queue_list_put(3);
printf("%d\n", queue_list_get());
printf("%d\n", queue_list_get());
printf("%d\n", queue_list_get());
printf("%d\n", queue_list_get()); // should print "Queue underflow!"
return 0;
}
```
Makefile:
```
CC = gcc
CFLAGS = -Wall -Wextra -Wpedantic -std=c99
all: main
main: main.o stack_array.o stack_list.o queue_array.o queue_list.o
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $^
main.o: main.c stack.h queue.h
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $<
stack_array.o: stack_array.c stack.h
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $<
stack_list.o: stack_list.c stack.h
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $<
queue_array.o: queue_array.c queue.h
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $<
queue_list.o: queue_list.c queue.h
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $<
clean:
rm -f main *.o
```
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