用python搭建一个聊天室

用Python搭建一个简单的聊天室可以借助`socket`库，因为socket提供了一种在本地计算机之间建立通信的方式。下面是一个基本的客户端服务器模型的示例：

**服务器端（server.py）:**

import socket

def start_server():
    host = 'localhost'
    port = 9999
    server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    server.bind((host, port))
    server.listen(5) # 监听连接，最大5个连接

    print(f'Server is running on {host}:{port}')
    
    while True:
        client, addr = server.accept() # 接受新连接
        print(f'Accepted connection from {addr[0]}:{addr[1]}')

        request = client.recv(1024).decode('utf-8') # 接收消息
        print(f'Received message: {request}')

        response = 'You said: {}'.format(request) # 回复消息
        client.sendall(response.encode('utf-8')) # 发送回复

if __name__ == "__main__":
    start_server()

**客户端（client.py）:**

import socket

def start_client(host, port):
    client = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    client.connect((host, port))

    client.send('Hello, Server!'.encode('utf-8'))
    received_msg = client.recv(1024).decode('utf-8')
    print(f'Received: {received_msg}')

    client.close()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    host = input('Enter the server address (localhost): ')
    port = int(input('Enter the server port (default 9999): ') or 9999)
    start_client(host, port)

运行服务器端程序，然后启动几个客户端连接到该服务器。每个客户端都能发送和接收消息。