vector.pop_front

vector.pop_front()是C++标准库中vector容器的一个成员函数，用于删除容器中的第一个元素。它的作用类似于队列中的出队操作，将第一个元素从容器中移除，并将后面的元素向前移动填补空缺。

需要注意的是，pop_front()只能用于deque容器，而不是vector容器。vector容器没有提供pop_front()函数，因为在vector中删除第一个元素会导致后面的元素都需要向前移动，这样的操作效率较低。如果需要删除vector容器中的第一个元素，可以使用erase()函数来实现。

相关问题

用c++语言来写出下面这段代码class MAC: def __init__(self, address): self.address = address self.buffer = [] self.transmitting = False self.transmit_time = 0 self.backoff_time = 0 def transmit(self, packet): if self.transmitting: self.buffer.append(packet) else: self.transmitting = True self.transmit_time = 10 self.send_packet(packet) def send_packet(self, packet): # 发送数据包 self.transmit_time -= 1 if self.transmit_time == 0: self.transmitting = False self.check_buffer() def check_buffer(self): if len(self.buffer) > 0: packet = self.buffer.pop(0) self.transmit(packet) else: self.backoff_time = 10 def handle_backoff(self): if self.backoff_time > 0: self.backoff_time -= 1 else: self.check_buffer() class SMAC: def __init__(self, nodes): self.nodes = nodes self.time = 0 def run(self): while True: self.time += 1 for node in self.nodes: if node.transmitting: node.send_packet(None) elif node.backoff_time > 0: node.handle_backoff() else: # 随机发送数据包 if random.randint(0, 100) < 10: packet = Packet(node.address, random.choice(self.nodes).address) node.transmit(packet)

下面是C++语言的代码实现：

class MAC {
private:
int address;
vector<Packet> buffer;
bool transmitting;
int transmit_time;
int backoff_time;

public:
MAC(int address) {
this->address = address;
this->transmitting = false;
this->transmit_time = 0;
this->backoff_time = 0;
}

void transmit(Packet packet) {
if (transmitting) {
buffer.push_back(packet);
} else {
transmitting = true;
transmit_time = 10;
send_packet(packet);
}
}

void send_packet(Packet packet) {
// 发送数据包
transmit_time -= 1;
if (transmit_time == 0) {
transmitting = false;
check_buffer();
}
}

void check_buffer() {
if (buffer.size() > 0) {
Packet packet = buffer.front();
buffer.erase(buffer.begin());
transmit(packet);
} else {
backoff_time = 10;
}
}

void handle_backoff() {
if (backoff_time > 0) {
backoff_time -= 1;
} else {
check_buffer();
}
}
};

class SMAC {
private:
vector<MAC> nodes;
int time;

public:
SMAC(vector<MAC> nodes) {
this->nodes = nodes;
this->time = 0;
}

void run() {
while (true) {
time += 1;
for (int i = 0; i < nodes.size(); i++) {
MAC node = nodes[i];
if (node.transmitting) {
node.send_packet(Packet());
} else if (node.backoff_time > 0) {
node.handle_backoff();
} else {
// 随机发送数据包
if (rand() % 100 < 10) {
Packet packet(node.address, nodes[rand() % nodes.size()].address);
node.transmit(packet);
}
}
}
}
}
};

这段代码运行结果是什么：#include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <queue> using namespace std; struct Process { int id; // 进程ID int arrival_time; // 到达时间 int execution_time; // 执行时间 int start_time; // 开始执行时间 int end_time; // 结束执行时间 }; int main() { int n = 15; // 进程数量 int time_slice = 1; // 时间片长度 int current_time = 0; // 当前时间 int total_execution_time = 0; // 总执行时间 int total_wait_time = 0; // 总等待时间 queue<Process> ready_queue; // 就绪队列 // 生成进程 vector<Process> processes(n); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { processes[i].id = i + 1; processes[i].arrival_time = rand() % 10; processes[i].execution_time = rand() % 10 + 1; total_execution_time += processes[i].execution_time; } // 模拟轮转算法进行进程调度 while (!ready_queue.empty() || current_time < total_execution_time) { // 将到达时间小于等于当前时间的进程加入就绪队列 for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { if (processes[i].arrival_time <= current_time && processes[i].execution_time > 0) { ready_queue.push(processes[i]); processes[i].start_time = -1; // 标记为已加入队列 } } // 从就绪队列中选取一个进程执行 if (!ready_queue.empty()) { Process p = ready_queue.front(); ready_queue.pop(); if (p.start_time == -1) { p.start_time = current_time; } if (p.execution_time > time_slice) { current_time += time_slice; p.execution_time -= time_slice; ready_queue.push(p); } else { current_time += p.execution_time; p.execution_time = 0; p.end_time = current_time; total_wait_time += p.start_time - p.arrival_time; cout << "Process " << p.id << ": arrival time = " << p.arrival_time << ", execution time = " << p.execution_time << ", start time = " << p.start_time << ", end time = " << p.end_time << endl; } } } // 输出平均等待时间 double average_wait_time = (double)total_wait_time / n; cout << "Average wait time = " << average_wait_time << endl; return 0; }

这段代码模拟了一个进程调度的过程，采用了轮转算法。程序会首先生成一些进程，然后按照到达时间把它们加入就绪队列中，然后每次从就绪队列中选取一个进程进行执行，如果该进程的执行时间超过了一个时间片长度，那么就把它重新加入就绪队列中，否则就执行完毕并输出该进程的信息。最后输出平均等待时间。

具体输出结果需要运行代码才能得到，因为进程的生成是随机的。