用C语言写一个图书信息管理系统设计

好的，下面是一个简单的用C语言编写的图书信息管理系统设计：

1. 定义图书信息结构体

typedef struct Book {
    int id; // 图书ID
    char title[50]; // 图书名称
    char author[30]; // 作者
    char publisher[30]; // 出版社
    int year; // 出版年份
    int quantity; // 库存量
} Book;

2. 实现基本操作函数

// 添加图书信息
void add_book(Book *books, int *count) {
    printf("Please enter the book ID: ");
    scanf("%d", &books[*count].id);
    printf("Please enter the book title: ");
    scanf("%s", books[*count].title);
    printf("Please enter the author: ");
    scanf("%s", books[*count].author);
    printf("Please enter the publisher: ");
    scanf("%s", books[*count].publisher);
    printf("Please enter the publication year: ");
    scanf("%d", &books[*count].year);
    printf("Please enter the quantity: ");
    scanf("%d", &books[*count].quantity);
    (*count)++;
}

// 删除指定ID的图书信息
void delete_book(Book *books, int *count, int id) {
    for (int i = 0; i < *count; i++) {
        if (books[i].id == id) {
            for (int j = i; j < *count - 1; j++) {
                books[j] = books[j + 1];
            }
            (*count)--;
            printf("Book with ID %d has been deleted.\n", id);
            return;
        }
    }
    printf("Book with ID %d is not found.\n", id);
}

// 显示所有图书信息
void display_books(Book *books, int count) {
    printf("%-10s %-50s %-30s %-30s %-10s %-10s\n", "ID", "Title", "Author", "Publisher", "Year", "Quantity");
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        printf("%-10d %-50s %-30s %-30s %-10d %-10d\n", books[i].id, books[i].title, books[i].author, books[i].publisher, books[i].year, books[i].quantity);
    }
}

// 按照图书ID或名称搜索图书信息
void search_book(Book *books, int count) {
    int choice, id;
    char title[50];
    printf("1. Search by ID\n");
    printf("2. Search by title\n");
    printf("Please enter your choice: ");
    scanf("%d", &choice);
    switch (choice) {
        case 1:
            printf("Please enter the book ID: ");
            scanf("%d", &id);
            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                if (books[i].id == id) {
                    printf("%-10s %-50s %-30s %-30s %-10s %-10s\n", "ID", "Title", "Author", "Publisher", "Year", "Quantity");
                    printf("%-10d %-50s %-30s %-30s %-10d %-10d\n", books[i].id, books[i].title, books[i].author, books[i].publisher, books[i].year, books[i].quantity);
                    return;
                }
            }
            printf("Book with ID %d is not found.\n", id);
            break;
        case 2:
            printf("Please enter the book title: ");
            scanf("%s", title);
            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                if (strcmp(books[i].title, title) == 0) {
                    printf("%-10s %-50s %-30s %-30s %-10s %-10s\n", "ID", "Title", "Author", "Publisher", "Year", "Quantity");
                    printf("%-10d %-50s %-30s %-30s %-10d %-10d\n", books[i].id, books[i].title, books[i].author, books[i].publisher, books[i].year, books[i].quantity);
                    return;
                }
            }
            printf("Book with title %s is not found.\n", title);
            break;
        default:
            printf("Invalid choice.\n");
            break;
    }
}

// 借阅指定ID的图书
void borrow_book(Book *books, int count, int id) {
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        if (books[i].id == id) {
            if (books[i].quantity > 0) {
                books[i].quantity--;
                printf("Book with ID %d has been borrowed.\n", id);
            } else {
                printf("Book with ID %d is out of stock.\n", id);
            }
            return;
        }
    }
    printf("Book with ID %d is not found.\n", id);
}

// 归还指定ID的图书
void return_book(Book *books, int count, int id) {
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        if (books[i].id == id) {
            books[i].quantity++;
            printf("Book with ID %d has been returned.\n", id);
            return;
        }
    }
    printf("Book with ID %d is not found.\n", id);
}

3. 实现文件读写功能

// 将图书信息写入文件
void write_books_to_file(Book *books, int count, char *filename) {
    FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "w");
    if (fp == NULL) {
        printf("Failed to open file %s\n", filename);
        return;
    }
    fprintf(fp, "%d\n", count);
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        fprintf(fp, "%d %s %s %s %d %d\n", books[i].id, books[i].title, books[i].author, books[i].publisher, books[i].year, books[i].quantity);
    }
    fclose(fp);
}

// 从文件中读取图书信息
int read_books_from_file(Book *books, char *filename) {
    FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "r");
    if (fp == NULL) {
        printf("Failed to open file %s\n", filename);
        return 0;
    }
    int count;
    fscanf(fp, "%d\n", &count);
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        fscanf(fp, "%d %s %s %s %d %d\n", &books[i].id, books[i].title, books[i].author, books[i].publisher, &books[i].year, &books[i].quantity);
    }
    fclose(fp);
    return count;
}

4. 实现主函数

int main() {
    Book books[100];
    int count = 0;
    count = read_books_from_file(books, "books.txt");
    int choice, id;
    while (1) {
        choice = main_menu();
        switch (choice) {
            case 1:
                add_book(books, &count);
                break;
            case 2:
                printf("Please enter the book ID: ");
                scanf("%d", &id);
                delete_book(books, &count, id);
                break;
            case 3:
                display_books(books, count);
                break;
            case 4:
                search_book(books, count);
                break;
            case 5:
                printf("Please enter the book ID: ");
                scanf("%d", &id);
                borrow_book(books, count, id);
                break;
            case 6:
                printf("Please enter the book ID: ");
                scanf("%d", &id);
                return_book(books, count, id);
                break;
            case 7:
                write_books_to_file(books, count, "books.txt");
                return 0;
            default:
                printf("Invalid choice.\n");
                break;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

希望这个简单的设计可以帮助您实现一个基本的图书信息管理系统。