在PyQt5设计的GUI界面中显示读取文件matplotlib绘制的图形

要在PyQt5设计的GUI界面中显示读取文件matplotlib绘制的图形，可以采用以下步骤：

1. 导入必要的库

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QVBoxLayout, QWidget
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.figure import Figure

2. 创建一个绘图函数，以便将读取的数据绘制成图形

def plot_data(data):
    fig = Figure(figsize=(5, 4), dpi=100)
    ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
    ax.plot(data)
    return fig

3. 在主窗口中创建一个QWidget，将绘图控件添加到其中，并设置布局

class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle('My Application')
        self.setGeometry(100, 100, 800, 600)

        central_widget = QWidget(self)
        self.setCentralWidget(central_widget)

        layout = QVBoxLayout(central_widget)
        canvas = FigureCanvas(plot_data(data))
        layout.addWidget(canvas)

4. 运行程序，即可在GUI界面中显示读取文件matplotlib绘制的图形。

完整代码如下：

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QVBoxLayout, QWidget
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.figure import Figure

def plot_data(data):
    fig = Figure(figsize=(5, 4), dpi=100)
    ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
    ax.plot(data)
    return fig

class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle('My Application')
        self.setGeometry(100, 100, 800, 600)

        central_widget = QWidget(self)
        self.setCentralWidget(central_widget)

        layout = QVBoxLayout(central_widget)
        canvas = FigureCanvas(plot_data(data))
        layout.addWidget(canvas)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    window = MainWindow()
    window.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())