抽象类Shape2D以及Shape3D，继承抽象父类Shape； 普通类Circle类和Rectangle类，继承Shape2D； 普通类Box类和Sphere类，继承Shape3D。 要求如下： （1）Shape类：抽象方法setColor（String color）方法，用来给图形设置颜色。 抽象方法showShapeInfo()方法，用来显示图形的详细信息。 （2）Shape2D类：计算面积的方法area()，计算周长的方法perimeter（）。 （3）Shape3D类：计算表面积方法surfaceArea()，计算体积方法volume（）。 （4）分别创建Rectangle、Circle、Box、Sphere类。 （5）在测试类TestShape中 创建Rectangle、Circle、Box、Sphere类对象； 对长方形、圆形；立方体、球体各对象的属性进行初始化； 输出各对象面积、周长、表面积、体积等详细信息。

以下是代码实现：

// Shape.java
public abstract class Shape {
    protected String color;

    public abstract void setColor(String color);
    public abstract void showShapeInfo();
}

// Shape2D.java
public abstract class Shape2D extends Shape {
    public abstract double area();
    public abstract double perimeter();
}

// Shape3D.java
public abstract class Shape3D extends Shape {
    public abstract double surfaceArea();
    public abstract double volume();
}

// Circle.java
public class Circle extends Shape2D {
    private double radius;

    public Circle(double radius) {
        this.radius = radius;
    }

    @Override
    public void setColor(String color) {
        this.color = color;
    }

    @Override
    public void showShapeInfo() {
        System.out.println("Shape: Circle");
        System.out.println("Radius: " + radius);
        System.out.println("Color: " + color);
        System.out.println("Area: " + area());
        System.out.println("Perimeter: " + perimeter());
    }

    @Override
    public double area() {
        return Math.PI * radius * radius;
    }

    @Override
    public double perimeter() {
        return 2 * Math.PI * radius;
    }
}

// Rectangle.java
public class Rectangle extends Shape2D {
    private double width;
    private double height;

    public Rectangle(double width, double height) {
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
    }

    @Override
    public void setColor(String color) {
        this.color = color;
    }

    @Override
    public void showShapeInfo() {
        System.out.println("Shape: Rectangle");
        System.out.println("Width: " + width);
        System.out.println("Height: " + height);
        System.out.println("Color: " + color);
        System.out.println("Area: " + area());
        System.out.println("Perimeter: " + perimeter());
    }

    @Override
    public double area() {
        return width * height;
    }

    @Override
    public double perimeter() {
        return 2 * (width + height);
    }
}

// Box.java
public class Box extends Shape3D {
    private double length;
    private double width;
    private double height;

    public Box(double length, double width, double height) {
        this.length = length;
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
    }

    @Override
    public void setColor(String color) {
        this.color = color;
    }

    @Override
    public void showShapeInfo() {
        System.out.println("Shape: Box");
        System.out.println("Length: " + length);
        System.out.println("Width: " + width);
        System.out.println("Height: " + height);
        System.out.println("Color: " + color);
        System.out.println("Surface Area: " + surfaceArea());
        System.out.println("Volume: " + volume());
    }

    @Override
    public double surfaceArea() {
        return 2 * (length * width + width * height + height * length);
    }

    @Override
    public double volume() {
        return length * width * height;
    }
}

// Sphere.java
public class Sphere extends Shape3D {
    private double radius;

    public Sphere(double radius) {
        this.radius = radius;
    }

    @Override
    public void setColor(String color) {
        this.color = color;
    }

    @Override
    public void showShapeInfo() {
        System.out.println("Shape: Sphere");
        System.out.println("Radius: " + radius);
        System.out.println("Color: " + color);
        System.out.println("Surface Area: " + surfaceArea());
        System.out.println("Volume: " + volume());
    }

    @Override
    public double surfaceArea() {
        return 4 * Math.PI * radius * radius;
    }

    @Override
    public double volume() {
        return 4 * Math.PI * radius * radius * radius / 3;
    }
}

// TestShape.java
public class TestShape {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Circle circle = new Circle(5);
        circle.setColor("Red");
        circle.showShapeInfo();

        System.out.println();

        Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle(3, 4);
        rectangle.setColor("Blue");
        rectangle.showShapeInfo();

        System.out.println();

        Box box = new Box(2, 3, 4);
        box.setColor("Green");
        box.showShapeInfo();

        System.out.println();

        Sphere sphere = new Sphere(5);
        sphere.setColor("Yellow");
        sphere.showShapeInfo();
    }
}

输出结果为：

Shape: Circle
Radius: 5.0
Color: Red
Area: 78.53981633974483
Perimeter: 31.41592653589793

Shape: Rectangle
Width: 3.0
Height: 4.0
Color: Blue
Area: 12.0
Perimeter: 14.0

Shape: Box
Length: 2.0
Width: 3.0
Height: 4.0
Color: Green
Surface Area: 52.0
Volume: 24.0

Shape: Sphere
Radius: 5.0
Color: Yellow
Surface Area: 314.1592653589793
Volume: 523.5987755982989