学习Java中的JDBC数据库连接方式,安装好MySQL后,完成下面的基于命令行操作的小型的学生信息管理系统: 要求: 1)在MySQL中创建数据库stu, 创建表格Student(id, name, age, address, birthday)。 2)通过JDBC建

立Java程序，连接到MySQL数据库，并实现以下功能：

- 添加学生信息
- 删除学生信息
- 修改学生信息
- 查询学生信息
- 显示所有学生信息

以下是一个基本的示例代码，你可以根据自己的需要进行修改和完善：

import java.sql.*;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class StudentManagementSystem {

    private static final String DB_URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/stu";
    private static final String USER = "root";
    private static final String PASSWORD = "123456";

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL, USER, PASSWORD);
            System.out.println("数据库连接成功！");

            while (true) {
                System.out.println("请输入您要进行的操作：");
                System.out.println("1.添加学生信息");
                System.out.println("2.删除学生信息");
                System.out.println("3.修改学生信息");
                System.out.println("4.查询学生信息");
                System.out.println("5.显示所有学生信息");
                System.out.println("0.退出系统");

                Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
                int choice = scanner.nextInt();

                switch (choice) {
                    case 1:
                        addStudent(conn);
                        break;
                    case 2:
                        deleteStudent(conn);
                        break;
                    case 3:
                        updateStudent(conn);
                        break;
                    case 4:
                        queryStudent(conn);
                        break;
                    case 5:
                        showAllStudents(conn);
                        break;
                    case 0:
                        System.out.println("谢谢使用，再见！");
                        System.exit(0);
                    default:
                        System.out.println("无效的选项，请重新输入！");
                        break;
                }
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            System.out.println("数据库连接失败: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    private static void addStudent(Connection conn) throws SQLException {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入学生信息(id, name, age, address, birthday)：");
        int id = scanner.nextInt();
        String name = scanner.next();
        int age = scanner.nextInt();
        String address = scanner.next();
        String birthday = scanner.next();

        String sql = "INSERT INTO Student(id, name, age, address, birthday) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)";
        PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
        pstmt.setInt(1, id);
        pstmt.setString(2, name);
        pstmt.setInt(3, age);
        pstmt.setString(4, address);
        pstmt.setString(5, birthday);

        int result = pstmt.executeUpdate();
        if (result > 0) {
            System.out.println("添加学生信息成功！");
        } else {
            System.out.println("添加学生信息失败！");
        }
    }

    private static void deleteStudent(Connection conn) throws SQLException {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入要删除的学生id：");
        int id = scanner.nextInt();

        String sql = "DELETE FROM Student WHERE id=?";
        PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
        pstmt.setInt(1, id);

        int result = pstmt.executeUpdate();
        if (result > 0) {
            System.out.println("删除学生信息成功！");
        } else {
            System.out.println("删除学生信息失败！");
        }
    }

    private static void updateStudent(Connection conn) throws SQLException {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入要修改的学生id：");
        int id = scanner.nextInt();

        System.out.println("请输入修改后的学生信息(name, age, address, birthday)：");
        String name = scanner.next();
        int age = scanner.nextInt();
        String address = scanner.next();
        String birthday = scanner.next();

        String sql = "UPDATE Student SET name=?, age=?, address=?, birthday=? WHERE id=?";
        PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
        pstmt.setString(1, name);
        pstmt.setInt(2, age);
        pstmt.setString(3, address);
        pstmt.setString(4, birthday);
        pstmt.setInt(5, id);

        int result = pstmt.executeUpdate();
        if (result > 0) {
            System.out.println("修改学生信息成功！");
        } else {
            System.out.println("修改学生信息失败！");
        }
    }

    private static void queryStudent(Connection conn) throws SQLException {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入要查询的学生id：");
        int id = scanner.nextInt();

        String sql = "SELECT * FROM Student WHERE id=?";
        PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
        pstmt.setInt(1, id);

        ResultSet rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
        if (rs.next()) {
            System.out.println(String.format("%d\t%s\t%d\t%s\t%s",
                    rs.getInt("id"), rs.getString("name"), rs.getInt("age"), rs.getString("address"), rs.getString("birthday")));
        } else {
            System.out.println("没有找到该学生的信息！");
        }
    }

    private static void showAllStudents(Connection conn) throws SQLException {
        String sql = "SELECT * FROM Student";
        Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
        ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);

        System.out.println("id\tname\tage\taddress\t\tbirthday");
        while (rs.next()) {
            System.out.println(String.format("%d\t%s\t%d\t%s\t%s",
                    rs.getInt("id"), rs.getString("name"), rs.getInt("age"), rs.getString("address"), rs.getString("birthday")));
        }
    }
}

在运行程序之前，需要先在MySQL中创建数据库和表格。可以使用以下命令行操作：

CREATE DATABASE stu;

USE stu;

CREATE TABLE Student (
    id INT PRIMARY KEY,
    name VARCHAR(20),
    age INT,
    address VARCHAR(100),
    birthday VARCHAR(20)
);

这样就可以使用上面的Java程序来进行学生信息管理了。