Stm32f103串口中断

STM32F103的串口中断使用方法如下：

1. 配置串口

首先需要配置串口，设置波特率、数据位、停止位、校验位等参数。

2. 使能串口中断

使用HAL库的函数`HAL_UART_Receive_IT()`可以使能串口接收中断。该函数会在接收到一个字节时触发中断。

3. 中断处理函数

在中断处理函数中，使用HAL库的函数`HAL_UART_IRQHandler()`来处理中断。在该函数中，可以调用`HAL_UART_Receive_IT()`函数再次使能中断，以继续接收数据。

示例代码：

#include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "string.h"

UART_HandleTypeDef huart1; //串口句柄

void SystemClock_Config(void);
void Error_Handler(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void);

char str[50]; //接收数据缓存

int main(void)
{
  HAL_Init();
  SystemClock_Config();
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_USART1_UART_Init();

  HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, (uint8_t*)str, 1); //使能串口接收中断

  while (1)
  {
    //主循环
  }
}

void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart) //串口接收中断处理函数
{
  if(huart->Instance == USART1)
  {
    HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, (uint8_t*)str, 1); //再次使能中断
    HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t*)str, 1, 0xffff); //回传接收到的数据
  }
}

static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void)
{
  huart1.Instance = USART1;
  huart1.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
  huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
  huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
  huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
  huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
  huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
  huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
  if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

void Error_Handler(void)
{
  while(1)
  {
  }
}

void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct;
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct;
  __HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSI;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL16;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  HAL_SYSTICK_Config(HAL_RCC_GetHCLKFreq()/1000);
  HAL_SYSTICK_CLKSourceConfig(SYSTICK_CLKSOURCE_HCLK);
  HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(SysTick_IRQn, 0, 0);
}

static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_13;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStruct);
}