用Python生成一个自动化备份网络设备脚本

要创建一个Python脚本来自动备份网络设备配置，我们需要使用像`paramiko`这样的库来执行SSH连接并获取配置信息，然后保存到本地文件或云端存储。以下是一个基本的框架示例：

首先，确保已安装必要的库（如果尚未安装）：

pip install paramiko netmiko scp

然后，你可以编写如下的脚本：

import os
import getpass
from netmiko import ConnectHandler, NetMikoAuthenticationException

# 设定网络设备参数
device_info = {
    'device_type': 'cisco_ios',  # 设备类型，例如cisco_ios、juniper_junos等
    'ip': 'your_device_ip_address',  # 设备IP地址
    'username': 'your_username',  # 登录用户名
    'password': getpass.getpass('Enter password for {}: '.format('your_username')),  # 输入密码时不会显示
    'port': 22,  # SSH默认端口，也可以根据实际情况更改
}

def backup_config(device_info):
    try:
        with ConnectHandler(**device_info) as ssh_conn:
            output = ssh_conn.send_command('show running-config')  # 获取当前配置
            config_backup_path = 'config_' + ssh_conn.base_prompt.replace('/', '_') + '.txt'  # 生成备份文件名
            with open(config_backup_path, 'w') as backup_file:
                backup_file.write(output)
                
            print(f"Configuration backed up to {config_backup_path}")

    except NetMikoAuthenticationException:
        print("Authentication failed. Please check your credentials.")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Error occurred: {str(e)}")

# 开始备份
backup_config(device_info)

# 如果你想上传到云端，比如Amazon S3或Google Cloud Storage，你需要额外引入对应的库并设置相应的凭证
# 例如使用boto3 for AWS S3:
# from boto3.s3.transfer import S3Transfer
# s3 = boto3.resource('s3')
# transfer = S3Transfer(s3)
# transfer.upload_file(config_backup_path, 'your_bucket_name', config_backup_path)

# 或者使用google-cloud-storage for Google Cloud Storage:
# from google.cloud import storage
# client = storage.Client()
# bucket = client.bucket('your_bucket_name')
# blob = bucket.blob(config_backup_path)
# blob.upload_from_filename(config_backup_path)