E:\c++\exe2\collect2.exe [Error] ld returned 1 exit status

This error message indicates that the linker (ld) encountered an error while trying to link together the object files generated by the compiler. The "1 exit status" part of the message indicates that the linker failed to complete its task, and returned a status code indicating failure.

Possible causes of this error include:

- Missing or incorrect library files: If your program depends on external libraries, make sure that they are properly installed and that your linker can find them. You may need to add library paths or linker flags to your build configuration.
- Undefined symbols: If your program uses symbols that are not defined in any of the object files or libraries being linked, the linker will fail. Make sure that all required symbols are properly declared and defined.
- Duplicate symbols: If multiple object files define the same symbol, the linker may not be able to resolve the conflict. Make sure that your symbol names are unique, and that you are not inadvertently redefining symbols in different parts of your code.
- Compiler or linker errors: There may be bugs or compatibility issues in your compiler or linker tools that are causing the error. Try updating to a newer version or using a different toolchain to see if that resolves the issue.