如何用python写一个斗地主的软件

斗地主是一种扑克牌游戏，实现斗地主的软件需要实现以下几个方面的功能：

1. 发牌：需要实现随机发牌功能，将牌随机分配给玩家。

2. 牌型判断：需要判断玩家手中的牌型，比如单张、对子、三张、炸弹等，以便后续比较大小。

3. 出牌逻辑：需要实现玩家出牌的逻辑，包括出牌的牌型和大小，以及判断出牌是否合法。

4. AI算法：如果要实现自动出牌的功能，需要实现AI算法，以便让电脑玩家能够自动出牌。

下面是一个简单的斗地主游戏的Python实现示例：

import random

# 定义扑克牌
cards = ['3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '10', 'J', 'Q', 'K', 'A', '2', '小王', '大王']

# 定义牌型
patterns = {
    '单张': 1, 
    '对子': 2, 
    '三张': 3, 
    '三带一': 4, 
    '三带二': 5, 
    '炸弹': 6, 
    '顺子': 7,
    '连对': 8, 
    '飞机': 9, 
    '四带二': 10, 
    '王炸': 11
}

# 定义牌型比较规则
patterns_cmp = {
    '单张': 1, 
    '对子': 2, 
    '三张': 3, 
    '三带一': 4, 
    '三带二': 5, 
    '炸弹': 6, 
    '顺子': 7,
    '连对': 8, 
    '飞机': 9, 
    '四带二': 10, 
    '王炸': 11
}

# 定义玩家类
class Player:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
        self.cards = []

    # 发牌
    def deal(self, cards):
        self.cards.extend(cards)

    # 显示手牌
    def show(self):
        print('{} 的手牌是：{}'.format(self.name, ' '.join(self.cards)))

    # 出牌
    def play(self, last_cards=[]):
        cards = self.select_cards(last_cards)
        if len(cards) == 0:
            print('{} 不出。'.format(self.name))
        else:
            self.cards = [card for card in self.cards if card not in cards]
            print('{} 出了：{}'.format(self.name, ' '.join(cards)))
        return cards

    # 选择出牌
    def select_cards(self, last_cards=[]):
        pass


# 定义电脑玩家类
class ComputerPlayer(Player):
    # 选择出牌
    def select_cards(self, last_cards=[]):
        if len(last_cards) == 0:
            # 如果是第一手牌，则随机出牌
            return self.random_play()
        else:
            # 如果不是第一手牌，则根据牌型和大小出牌
            return self.pattern_play(last_cards)

    # 随机出牌
    def random_play(self):
        random.shuffle(self.cards)
        cards = self.cards[:random.randint(1, 4)]
        return self.check_cards(cards)

    # 根据牌型和大小出牌
    def pattern_play(self, last_cards=[]):
        last_pattern = self.check_pattern(last_cards)
        last_rank = self.check_rank(last_cards)
        for pattern in patterns_cmp.keys():
            if patterns[pattern] > patterns[last_pattern]:
                cards = self.find_pattern(pattern)
                if len(cards) > 0:
                    return cards
            elif patterns[pattern] == patterns[last_pattern]:
                if patterns[pattern] == 6:
                    # 炸弹比大小
                    rank = self.check_rank(cards)
                    if rank > last_rank:
                        return cards
                elif patterns[pattern] in [7, 8, 9]:
                    # 顺子、连对、飞机比长度
                    if len(self.find_pattern(pattern)) == len(last_cards):
                        cards = self.check_rank(cards)
                        last_rank = self.check_rank(last_cards)
                        if cards[0] > last_rank:
                            return cards
                else:
                    # 其他情况比较牌点数
                    cards = self.check_rank(cards)
                    last_rank = self.check_rank(last_cards)
                    if cards[0] > last_rank:
                        return cards
        return []

    # 找出符合指定牌型的牌
    def find_pattern(self, pattern):
        pattern_cards = []
        for i in range(len(self.cards)):
            if i + patterns[pattern] <= len(self.cards):
                cards = self.check_cards(self.cards[i:i+patterns[pattern]])
                if self.check_pattern(cards) == pattern:
                    pattern_cards.extend(cards)
        return pattern_cards

    # 检查牌型
    def check_pattern(self, cards):
        length = len(cards)
        if length == 1:
            return '单张'
        elif length == 2:
            if cards[0] == cards[1]:
                return '对子'
        elif length == 3:
            if cards[0] == cards[1] == cards[2]:
                return '三张'
        elif length == 4:
            if cards[0] == cards[1] == cards[2] == cards[3]:
                return '炸弹'
            elif cards[0] == cards[1] == cards[2]:
                return '三带一'
            elif cards[1] == cards[2] == cards[3]:
                return '三带一'
        elif length == 5:
            if cards[0] == cards[1] == cards[2] == cards[3] != cards[4]:
                return '四带一'
            elif cards[1] == cards[2] == cards[3] == cards[4] != cards[0]:
                return '四带一'
            elif self.check_straight(cards):
                return '顺子'
            elif self.check_pair_straight(cards):
                return '连对'
        elif length == 6:
            if cards[0] == cards[1] == cards[2] == cards[3] and cards[4] == cards[5]:
                return '四带二'
            elif cards[2] == cards[3] == cards[4] == cards[5] and cards[0] == cards[1]:
                return '四带二'
            elif self.check_straight(cards):
                return '顺子'
            elif self.check_airplane(cards):
                return '飞机'
        elif length == 7:
            if self.check_straight(cards):
                return '顺子'
        elif length == 8:
            if self.check_straight(cards):
                return '顺子'
            elif self.check_pair_straight(cards):
                return '连对'
            elif self.check_airplane(cards):
                return '飞机'
        elif length == 9:
            if self.check_straight(cards):
                return '顺子'
            elif self.check_airplane(cards):
                return '飞机'
        elif length == 10:
            if self.check_straight(cards):
                return '顺子'
            elif self.check_pair_straight(cards):
                return '连对'
        elif length >= 11:
            if self.check_straight(cards):
                return '顺子'
            elif self.check_airplane(cards):
                return '飞机'
        return '未知'

    # 检查牌点数
    def check_rank(self, cards):
        if '2' in cards:
            return 15
        elif 'A' in cards:
            return 14
        elif 'K' in cards:
            return 13
        elif 'Q' in cards:
            return 12
        elif 'J' in cards:
            return 11
        elif '10' in cards:
            return 10
        elif '9' in cards:
            return 9
        elif '8' in cards:
            return 8
        elif '7' in cards:
            return 7
        elif '6' in cards:
            return 6
        elif '5' in cards:
            return 5
        elif '4' in cards:
            return 4
        elif '3' in cards:
            return 3
        elif '小王' in cards:
            return 16
        elif '大王' in cards:
            return 17
        return 0

    # 检查是否是顺子
    def check_straight(self, cards):
        ranks = []
        for card in cards:
            ranks.append(self.check_rank([card]))
        ranks.sort()
        for i in range(len(ranks) - 1):
            if ranks[i+1] - ranks[i] != 1:
                return False
        return True

    # 检查是否是连对
    def check_pair_straight(self, cards):
        if len(cards) % 2 != 0:
            return False
        pairs = []
        for i in range(len(cards) // 2):
            if cards[i*2] == cards[i*2+1]:
                pairs.append(cards[i*2])
            else:
                return False
        ranks = []
        for pair in pairs:
            ranks.append(self.check_rank([pair]))
        ranks.sort()
        for i in range(len(ranks) - 1):
            if ranks[i+1] - ranks[i] != 1:
                return False
        return True

    # 检查是否是飞机
    def check_airplane(self, cards):
        length = len(cards)
        if length % 3 != 0:
            return False
        triples = []
        for i in range(length // 3):
            if cards[i*3] == cards[i*3+1] == cards[i*3+2]:
                triples.append(cards[i*3:i*3+3])
            else:
                return False
        ranks = []
        for triple in triples:
            ranks.append(self.check_rank(triple))
        ranks.sort()
        for i in range(len(ranks) - 1):
            if ranks[i+1] - ranks[i] != 1:
                return False
        return True

    # 检查牌面
    def check_cards(self, cards):
        for card in cards:
            if card not in self.cards:
                return []
        return cards


# 定义游戏类
class Game:
    def __init__(self, players):
        self.players = players
        self.current_player = 0
        self.last_cards = []

    # 发牌
    def deal(self):
        random.shuffle(cards)
        for i in range(3):
            for player in self.players:
                player.deal(cards[i*17:(i+1)*17])
        self.last_cards = []

    # 开始游戏
    def start(self):
        print('开始斗地主游戏！')
        self.deal()
        for player in self.players:
            player.show()
        while len(self.players[0].cards) > 0 and len(self.players[1].cards) > 0 and len(self.players[2].cards) > 0:
            self.play()

    # 玩家出牌
    def play(self):
        current_player = self.players[self.current_player]
        print('轮到 {} 出牌。'.format(current_player.name))
        cards = current_player.play(self.last_cards)
        if len(cards) == 0:
            self.current_player = (self.current_player + 1) % 3
            self.last_cards = []
        else:
            self.current_player = (self.current_player + 1) % 3
            self.last_cards = cards


# 测试程序
if __name__ == '__main__':
    players = [Player('玩家1'), ComputerPlayer('电脑1'), ComputerPlayer('电脑2')]
    game = Game(players)
    game.start()

以上实现只是简单的示例，可以根据实际需求进行修改和完善。