生成一个vulkan画三角形，可以调试通过的示例

以下是一个简单的示例代码，用于在Vulkan中绘制一个彩色三角形：

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <cstdlib>

#define GLFW_INCLUDE_VULKAN
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>

const int WIDTH = 800;
const int HEIGHT = 600;

const std::vector<const char*> validationLayers = {
    "VK_LAYER_KHRONOS_validation"
};

#ifdef NDEBUG
const bool enableValidationLayers = false;
#else
const bool enableValidationLayers = true;
#endif

VkInstance instance;
VkDebugUtilsMessengerEXT debugMessenger;

void createInstance() {
    if (enableValidationLayers && !checkValidationLayerSupport()) {
        throw std::runtime_error("Validation layers requested, but not available!");
    }

    VkApplicationInfo appInfo{};
    appInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_APPLICATION_INFO;
    appInfo.pApplicationName = "Triangle";
    appInfo.applicationVersion = VK_MAKE_VERSION(1, 0, 0);
    appInfo.pEngineName = "No Engine";
    appInfo.engineVersion = VK_MAKE_VERSION(1, 0, 0);
    appInfo.apiVersion = VK_API_VERSION_1_0;

    VkInstanceCreateInfo createInfo{};
    createInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_INSTANCE_CREATE_INFO;
    createInfo.pApplicationInfo = &appInfo;

    if (enableValidationLayers) {
        createInfo.enabledLayerCount = static_cast<uint32_t>(validationLayers.size());
        createInfo.ppEnabledLayerNames = validationLayers.data();
    } else {
        createInfo.enabledLayerCount = 0;
    }

    uint32_t glfwExtensionCount = 0;
    const char** glfwExtensions;
    glfwExtensions = glfwGetRequiredInstanceExtensions(&glfwExtensionCount);

    createInfo.enabledExtensionCount = glfwExtensionCount;
    createInfo.ppEnabledExtensionNames = glfwExtensions;

    if (vkCreateInstance(&createInfo, nullptr, &instance) != VK_SUCCESS) {
        throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create instance!");
    }
}

void setupDebugMessenger() {
    if (!enableValidationLayers) return;

    VkDebugUtilsMessengerCreateInfoEXT createInfo{};
    createInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEBUG_UTILS_MESSENGER_CREATE_INFO_EXT;
    createInfo.messageSeverity = VK_DEBUG_UTILS_MESSAGE_SEVERITY_VERBOSE_BIT_EXT |
                                 VK_DEBUG_UTILS_MESSAGE_SEVERITY_WARNING_BIT_EXT |
                                 VK_DEBUG_UTILS_MESSAGE_SEVERITY_ERROR_BIT_EXT;
    createInfo.messageType = VK_DEBUG_UTILS_MESSAGE_TYPE_GENERAL_BIT_EXT |
                             VK_DEBUG_UTILS_MESSAGE_TYPE_VALIDATION_BIT_EXT |
                             VK_DEBUG_UTILS_MESSAGE_TYPE_PERFORMANCE_BIT_EXT;
    createInfo.pfnUserCallback = debugCallback;

    if (CreateDebugUtilsMessengerEXT(instance, &createInfo, nullptr, &debugMessenger) != VK_SUCCESS) {
        throw std::runtime_error("Failed to set up debug messenger!");
    }
}

void createSurface() {
    if (glfwCreateWindowSurface(instance, window, nullptr, &surface) != VK_SUCCESS) {
        throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create window surface!");
    }
}

void mainLoop() {
    while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window)) {
        glfwPollEvents();
        drawFrame();
    }

    vkDeviceWaitIdle(device);
}

void cleanup() {
    vkDestroyDevice(device, nullptr);

    if (enableValidationLayers) {
        DestroyDebugUtilsMessengerEXT(instance, debugMessenger, nullptr);
    }

    vkDestroySurfaceKHR(instance, surface, nullptr);
    vkDestroyInstance(instance, nullptr);

    glfwDestroyWindow(window);

    glfwTerminate();
}

int main() {
    glfwInit();
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CLIENT_API, GLFW_NO_API);

    window = glfwCreateWindow(WIDTH, HEIGHT, "Vulkan Triangle", nullptr, nullptr);

    createInstance();
    setupDebugMessenger();
    createSurface();
    createDevice();
    createSwapChain();
    createImageViews();
    createRenderPass();
    createGraphicsPipeline();
    createFramebuffers();
    createCommandPool();
    createVertexBuffer();
    createCommandBuffers();
    createSyncObjects();

    mainLoop();

    cleanup();

    return 0;
}

请注意，这只是一个基本示例，还需要添加绘制三角形所需的其他函数和代码。你可以根据自己的需求和平台选择合适的库和工具，以确保代码能够成功编译和运行。