生成socket通信的客户端和服务器的Linux C代码

在Linux环境下，使用C语言编写Socket通信的客户端和服务器，需要了解基本的网络编程知识，包括套接字（sockets）、地址族（如AF_INET）、协议族（如SOCK_STREAM）等。下面是一个简单的示例：

**服务器端（server.c）:**

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#define PORT 8080
#define MAX_CLIENTS 5

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    int server_fd, client_sock;
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr, client_addr;
    socklen_t addr_len = sizeof(client_addr);
    
    // 创建监听套接字
    if ((server_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1) {
        perror("Failed to create socket");
        return 1;
    }
    
    // 设置服务器地址
    memset(&server_addr, 0, sizeof(server_addr));
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
    server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; // 0.0.0.0表示任意IP

    // 绑定并监听
    if (bind(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) == -1) {
        perror("Failed to bind");
        close(server_fd);
        return 1;
    }

    listen(server_fd, MAX_CLIENTS);

    printf("Server started on port %d\n", PORT);

    while (true) {
        // 接受连接
        if ((client_sock = accept(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&client_addr, &addr_len)) == -1) {
            perror("Failed to accept");
            continue;
        }

        // 模拟处理每个新连接
        handle_client(client_sock);
        close(client_sock);
    }

    return 0;
}

void handle_client(int client_sock) {
    char buffer[1024];
    ssize_t bytes_received;

    // 读取数据
    if ((bytes_received = recv(client_sock, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0)) > 0) {
        printf("Received message from client: %s\n", buffer);
        // 可以在此处发送响应给客户端
        send(client_sock, "Hello from server!", strlen("Hello from server!"), 0);
    } else if (bytes_received == 0) {
        printf("Client disconnected.\n");
    } else {
        perror("Failed to receive data");
    }
}

**客户端（client.c）:**

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#define SERVER_IP "127.0.0.1"
#define SERVER_PORT 8080

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    int client_sock;
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
    char message[] = "Hello Server!\n";

    if ((client_sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1) {
        perror("Failed to create socket");
        return 1;
    }

    // 设置客户端地址
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT);
    inet_aton(SERVER_IP, &server_addr.sin_addr); // 将IP转换为二进制形式

    // 连接到服务器
    if (connect(client_sock, (struct sockaddr *)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) == -1) {
        perror("Failed to connect");
        close(client_sock);
        return 1;
    }

    // 发送消息
    send(client_sock, message, strlen(message), 0);
    printf("Sent message: %s\n", message);

    // 接收并显示服务器的回应
    char response[1024];
    if (recv(client_sock, response, sizeof(response), 0) > 0) {
        printf("Server response: %s\n", response);
    } else {
        perror("Failed to receive response");
    }

    close(client_sock);
    return 0;
}